ECOLOGICALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IMPLEMENTED THROUGH THE EAST GIPPSLAND PLANNING SCHEME - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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ECOLOGICALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IMPLEMENTED THROUGH THE EAST GIPPSLAND PLANNING SCHEME

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Gippsland Coastal Board & Shearwater Associates Pty Ltd. CLIMATE CHANGE IN GIPPSLAND ... Increased wave penetration of breached' estuaries ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: ECOLOGICALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IMPLEMENTED THROUGH THE EAST GIPPSLAND PLANNING SCHEME


1
OPTIONS UNDER THE VICTORIA PLANNING
PROVISIONS FOR MANAGING CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS IN
COASTAL AREAS
Helen Martin Gippsland Coastal Board Shearwater
Associates Pty Ltd
2
CLIMATE CHANGE IN GIPPSLAND
  • Impacts are likely to include
  • Increased frequency severity of storm events
  • Erosion loss of barrier dunes
  • Increased inundation from storm surges
  • Increased wave penetration of breached
    estuaries
  • Increased saline intrusion into estuaries
    changed conditions for vegetation and fauna
    species
  • Accelerated coastal erosion changes in sediment
    transport / deposition
  • Large scale modification to coastal landforms,
    such as barrier dunes or islands

3
CLIMATE CHANGE IN GIPPSLAND INFRASTRUCTURE AT
RISK
4
CLIMATE CHANGE IN GIPPSLAND COMMUNITIES
INFRASTRUCTURE AT RISK
5
CLIMATE CHANGE IN GIPPSLAND INFRASTRUCTURE AT
RISK
6
CLIMATE CHANGE IN GIPPSLAND
  • Many of the risks of climate change represent an
    intensification or geographical expansion of
    problems already experienced periodically in the
    Gippsland area.

7
PLANNING FOR CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Focus on planning for adaptation of the built
    environment
  • Effects on the natural environment will be
    profound and there will be strong linkages
    between environmental changes and effects on the
    built environment and communities
  • Discussion concentrates on risks associated with
    physical threats flooding, inundation, erosion
    not health issues from heat or disease
  • Synergies between adaptation strategies and
    mitigation measures energy conservation, water
    sensitive design

8
TASKS FOR THE PLANNING SYSTEM IN RESPONSE TO
CLIMATE CHANGE
Establish risk management framework
Take a precautionary approach to development in
greenfields areas at risk, to avoid
inappropriate investment
  • Identify areas likely to be at risk from
  • estuarine flooding
  • overland flows
  • backup through reticulated systems
  • seawater inflow
  • beach cliff erosion
  • severance of access
  • coastal subsidence

Ensure appropriate set-backs in hazard areas
designate new foreshore lakeshore reserves to
replace those lost to erosion / inundation
Develop planning prescriptions for development /
redevelopment of existing urban areas in defined
hazard areas
9
ADAPTATION STRATEGIES
  • Any of these strategies may be appropriate in
    particular places or at different times
  • Over the longer term, a combination of approaches
    is likely to be required
  • May include the necessity to relocate substantial
    areas of existing urban development outside
    hazard areas
  • Issues of liability and financial responsibility
    for adaptation

10
Victoria Planning Provisions
  • Released
  • December 1996,
  • revised October 1997
  • occasionally since
  • Toolkit for local
  • government to prepare new- format planning
    schemes
  • Operate through both State and local provisions
  • Performance-based, not prescriptive

11
STRUCTURE OF THE VPP
12
VPP OVERLAYS
  • Identify areas with special values, constraints
    or particular development requirements
  • Many potentially relevant to planning for climate
    change impacts
  • In principle, they control development and not
    use although there are some exceptions (notably
    the Airport Environs Overlay)
  • In practice, may prevent uses if development not
    acceptable
  • No coastal-specific overlay, although one was
    recommended by the 1997 Advisory Committee that
    reviewed the VPP

13
VICTORIAN COASTAL STRATEGY
  • Prepared under the Coastal Management Act 1995
  • 2002 version has been reviewed, new Strategy to
    be released very shortly
  • Climate change identified as the most
    significant dynamic element that needs to be
    managed in the coastal environment in future in
    2002 version
  • 2008 Strategy has a much stronger focus on
    climate change
  • Victorian Coastal Council has adopted a figure of
    0.8 metres of sea level rise by 2100 for planning
    purposes

14
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VICTORIAN COASTAL STRATEGY
THE VPP
  • Clause 15.08 of the SPPF deals with Coastal Areas
  • Land use development planning is to be
    coordinated with the requirements of the Coastal
    Management Act
  • VCS hierarchy of decision making on the coast is
    now incorporated
  • Recent amendments (2006) - clearer framework for
    planning for coastal areas, partly derived from
    DSEs Coastal Spaces project
  • BUT no mention of climate change or sea level
    rise in the VPP
  • VPP being reviewed, but more about structure than
    content

15
COASTAL PLANNING SCHEMES CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Only 9 of the 22 coastal planning schemes contain
    references to climate change or sea level rise (
    2 of these are not in a coastal context)
  • Provisions in planning schemes not integrated
  • Statements in the MSS, not carried through into
    appropriate overlay provisions Greater Geelong,
    Mornington Peninsula, Bass Coast, East Gippsland
  • Site specific controls that do not follow on from
    any policy considerations in the MSS Glenelg,
    Kingston, Wellington
  • Many schemes refer to erosion including coastal
    erosion - or flood risk and utilise overlays to
    address these issues.
  • Recent VCAT decision found that Councils have a
    responsibility to consider the possible impacts
    of climate change
  • Very difficult to do so in the absence of a clear
    State framework

16
HOW TO ADAPT
  • Plan early many decisions made today will have
    consequences for decades.
  • Be systematic strategic engage stakeholders,
    set priorities for action, assign responsibility
    monitor implementation, review adaptation
    strategies regularly.
  • Use the best information.
  • Be flexible.
  • Avoid under-adaptation (not recognising the real
    threats of climate change), over-adaptation
    (over-reacting) or mal-adaptation (making the
    wrong decisions increasing vulnerability rather
    than reducing it).  
  • Avoid decisions that constrain future adaptation
    options.
  • Use an approach such as risk management that
    allows for regular review of adaptation
    strategies and their outcomes. This may involve a
    phased approach to implementation where more
    costly options are activated as uncertainty is
    reduced.
  • Identify adaptation options with multiple
    benefits.
  • Source Australian Government, Dept of Climate
    Change
  • http//www.climatechange.gov.au/impacts/howtoadapt
    /index.html

17
TASKS FOR THE PLANNING SYSTEM IN RESPONSE TO
CLIMATE CHANGE
Risk management framework
High level framework will be set in Victorian
Governments climate change Green Paper Climate
Change Bill
  • Identify areas likely to be at risk

Some work at regional level GCB, CMAs and DSE
Future Coasts project. More detailed information
needed
Precautionary approach to new development in risk
areas
  • Key issues include
  • Increased height intensity of flooding from
    rivers, estuaries and the ocean
  • Overland flow from storms - overloaded drainage
  • Erosion of ocean coastline and shorelines of bays
    estuaries
  • Options do exist under the VPP to address key
    issues
  • Flood zones and overlays updates urgent
  • Erosion salinity overlays
  • Environmental significance overlay
  • Design development overlay
  • Public acquisition, road closure, restructure
    overlays

Set-backs and new coastal reserves
Prescriptions for development / redevelopment of
existing urban areas in defined hazard areas
18
ADAPTATION CATEGORIES
  • Avoidance
  • Most of the environmental and flood overlays fall
    into this category may also have elements of
    protection or accommodation (permit conditions,
    etc.)
  • Protection
  • Mostly addressed outside the planning system
    (except as noted above)
  • Accommodation
  • Flood zones overlays
  • Design Development Overlay (and potentially
    Restructure Overlay)
  • Retreat
  • Public Acquisition, Road Closure, Restructure
  • Incorporated Plan Development Plan Overlays may
    be applicable in planning for replacement areas
    for assets / settlements that need to be moved
    could also be used to constrain development in
    areas potentially at risk until detailed
    assessment and planning is complete

19
PROBLEMS WITH CURRENT OPTIONS
  • Lack of an adaptation or risk management
    framework in the SPPF
  • No advice from State Government about appropriate
    responses, so likely to be uncoordinated and
    duplicate effort
  • Major hazard categories not mutually exclusive,
    so 2 or more often several - overlays would be
    required to address risk issues in many areas
  • May want to control use as well as development to
    allow for different adaptation measures over time
    e.g. through time- bounded or conditional
    permits. Relevant overlays do not allow control
    of use.
  • Multiplicity of overlay purposes and decision
    guidelines - confusing to responsible authorities
    in the exercise of discretion

20
IMPROVEMENTS NEEDED TO VPP SUPPORT
  • Clear adaptation / risk management framework in
    SPPF
  • Detailed mapping of hazard areas
  • Purpose designed overlay to address climate
    change risks in coastal areas
  • Potential State agency as referral authority at
    least in short term?
  • Package of advice (Planning Practice Notes, etc)
    on implementation for planning authorities
  • Interstate and overseas models may help to design
    new controls
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