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KARST STRUCTURES AND GROUNDWATER FEATURES:

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... making cement caverns for tourism, Carlsbad NM, Mammoth Caves KT, Horne Lake BC. ... Mammoth Caves Kt.: Diagram Karst Structures here: Ground Water... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: KARST STRUCTURES AND GROUNDWATER FEATURES:


1
KARST STRUCTURES AND GROUNDWATER FEATURES
2
1. KARST TOPOGRAPHY
  • limestone, chalk, or gypsum base.
  • Great sinkholes and caverns can form, caves. This
    type of rock can absorb water well (or have lots
    of cracks to accept water) and the water
    dissolves the rock.

3
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
  • basic chemical analysis H2O CO2 H2CO3 water
    carbon dioxide in atmosphere
    bicarbonate
  • water falling mixes with CO2 to make an acid. The
    acid mixes with limestone to make soluable
    bicarbonate (in the water). This forms cave
    formations like stalactites etc. when the water
    evaporates.

4
KARST STRUCTURES from very small to very
large
5
sinkholes- fairly small holes that cave in
6
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7
Stalactites- ceiling icicle
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Stalagmites- ground spike
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Rock Pillar-when the two above meet to join into
a column of rock
12
Karst's benefit to man-
  • limestone is primary component in making cement
    caverns for tourism, Carlsbad NM, Mammoth Caves
    KT, Horne Lake BC.

13
LIMESTONE QUARRY
14
Carlsbad Caverns NM
15
Mammoth Caves Kt.
16
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17
Diagram Karst Structures here
18
Ground Water
19
BASICS OF GROUNDWATER
  • Zone of aeration where air pockets in soil are
    dry
  • Zone of saturation where air pockets in soil are
    filled with water
  • Water table the top of the zone of saturation
  • Where can you find ground water????

20
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3) ARTESIAN WELLS
  • a porous outcrop (like sandstone) is exposed in a
    rainy area, and then dips below the surface and
    is "sandwiched" between two layers of impervious
    rock (like shale).

23
ARTESIAN WELL DIAGRAM
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