Return of Urbanism since the decline of Roman civilization1144 AD

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• Return of Urbanism since the decline of Roman
  civilization-1144 AD
• a. Rome revolt against the pope
• b. France bastide
• batir-to build
• similar to modern day developer
• Revolt against Church nobility - foundation
  of medieval society
• Trade (Commercial Revolution)-Site
• New Building Types
• guild halls,
• storehouse
• market buildings
• shops
• Change in city fabric
• New Towns
• Bastide
• Nuovi Burghi

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Medieval Cities 1150-1300
Radial Scheme Lennep, Germany
Roman Grid Barcelona, Spain
Ribbon Scheme Olney, England
Market Scheme Stia, Italy
New Town Castellon, Spain
New Town Burgos, Spain
New Town Montsegur, France
New Town Montflanquis, France
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• Trade (Commercial Revolution)
• Free exchange of goods services
• near clerical and royal palaces-consumed product
• merchants colonies grow near existing town gates
  and palaces
• actual market place in town center
• town raises money by charging entry to its
  markets
• real estate in town center becomes valuable
  because shop owners and artisans want to be near
  the markets
• church frowns on trade
• class consists mostly of Jews and Easterners
• fairs pilgrimages

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Romanesque-St. Denis-Gothic Like the varying
Romanesque church styles Pisa St. Foy there is
no SPECIFIC definition of a Medieval
Town varying populations Islam Baghdad,
Cairo, Cordoba-pop. 500,000 Milan-pop.
100,000 Venice-pop. 1000 varying
styles monastery base military base common
trait TRADE GEO. LOCATION ALONG LONG-DISTANCE
TRADE ROUTES
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451 AD
Venice, Italy
People escape Germanic tribes in lagoons-created
by two rivers
Overseas trade with Byzantine world
700-800 AD
natural element church market town
hall arsenal/fort
1100 AD
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TOWNS/COMMERCEWEALTH vs. LAND WEALTH
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Montpazier, France1285 New townMarketplace with
Cornieres

• Owner/Bastidor
• provides street
• marketplace
• Eachtenant builds home

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Interior of Medieval Bathhouse12th century

• Return of a variety of building types
• Commune/
• Town hall/or city officials have power
• Social place vs. religious place

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Canterbury, EnglandChristchurch MonasteryPlan
of Waterworks 1165

• Plan of monastery demonstrates medieval knowledge
  of plumbing
• water from springs to baths
• like
• Roman baths at Caracalla

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Tonnere, FranceHospital of Notre-Dame-des-Fonteni
lles

• Hospitals since built mainly by monastic orders
• include chapel
• view to altar from each bed
• long axis

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Trinity HallCanterbury, EnglandLibrary 1600

• Birth of the university leads to secular vs.
  monastic libraries
• Bologna
• Paris
• classes-rented rooms
• dorms-locals
• no building
• Italy still strong connection between church
  secular libraries

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Como, Italy Palazzo del Broletto 1215

• Earliest known Town Hall
• 2 stories
• smooth, patterned masonry
• ground floor open to marketplace-survey action
• regulate weights measures
• stair to assembly space above-town council
• bell toer

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Loggia della Signoria
Florence, Italy Piazza Signoria
Palazzo Vecchio 1299-1314

• Early Town Hall
• near cathedral complex
• near market
• sim. Roman forum
• secular center
• religious center
• fortress type-specific to Florence

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Florence, Italy

• Organic growth-residential architecture
• home-shop-farming
• dark/narrow streets-growth confined by walls

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Bruges, Belgium

• Old Town
• distance between municipal religious center

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Ypres, Belgium Cloth Hall

• Council Meets
• cloth merchants leading citizenscouncil

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Florence, Italy

• Organic growth-residential architecture
• home-shop-farming
• dark/narrow streets-growth confined by walls

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Siena, Italy Medieval Street
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Wealthy Merchant house, Cluny, France 12th cent.

• Bank/house
• Jews not allowed in guilds-Christian
• 2 stories
• main hall/fireplace on 2nd floor

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