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AXED 300 590 Session 1 Introduction to Class

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New Mexico ranked first in the nation in milk production per cow. ... 340,000 dairy cattle producing 6.95 billion pounds of milk. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: AXED 300 590 Session 1 Introduction to Class


1
AXED 300 590Session 1Introduction to Class
  • Emerging Agricultural Issues in Your Community

2
Introductions
  • Name
  • Where you are from
  • What you do

3
House keeping
  • We will not have class on September 11 State
    Fair
  • Nor November 6
  • Typo in Syllabus, no December 8th class, will
    substitute an additional project, the audio file.

4
Sonja Jo
  • Sonja will explain My Groups, website and audio
    file.

5
AXED 300 590Introduction to New Mexico
Agriculture
  • Emerging Agricultural Issues in Your Community

6
Controversial Issues
  • There are many issues facing agriculture in our
    communities.
  • Many are controversial and place producers and
    consumers in an adversarial position.
  • Examples use of bST, use of irrigation water,
    the Farm Bill, Animal Welfare

7
Why?
  • Many controversies are the result of agriculture
    not doing a good job of communicating about the
    production process.
  • While agriculturist are busy planting,
    cultivating and harvesting, other agencies are
    defining the narrative.

8
Why Familiarize Your Community with Agriculture?
  • Agriculture is the United States 1 export.
    Farming and ranching help drive economy.
  • On average, one U.S. farmer supplies food for 130
    people across the globe.
  • Farmers and ranchers provide food, water and
    shelter for 75 of the states wildlife.
  • Agriculture has been a a part of New Mexico for
    over 4,000 years.

9
The beginnings of New Mexico Agriculture
  • By 2300 BC the Mogollon Indians in the Gila River
    drainage system were practicing irrigated
    agriculture.
  • Planted in alluvial plains to take advantage of
    occasional floods and built small stone dams in
    gullies to catch run-off.

10
Puebloans as Agriculturists
  • As the Pueblo culture began to develop in
    northern NM around 700 AD irrigation techniques
    became more sophisticated.
  • Built ditch systems to carry water from rivers,
    utilized gravel mulch to conserve water.
  • Cultivated some 25,000 acres along the Rio
    Grande. Primarily corn, beans, and squash.

11
Importance of Agriculture
  • Provided surety of nutrition.
  • Encouraged permanent structures.
  • Changed grain storage techniques.

12
The Origins of Corn
  • Corn belongs to a wild grass called teosinte,
    which grew on the plateaus of central Mexico.
  • About 7,000 years ago the Mexican Indians began
    cultivating a better strain of plant and produced
    what we know as maize.

13
Importance of Corn
  • Corn was the staff of life. Ground for bread or
    hot mush. Cooked over the fire and eaten off the
    cob.
  • Corn, and the practice of agriculture had a
    significant impact not on their health, but also
    their shelter, religion and art.
  • Corn became a symbol of life often seen on
    blankets and pottery.

14
Do we still grow corn?
  • Yes, corn for silage is number 7 in our list of
    top agricultural commodities, along with
  • 1. Milk 6. Onions
  • 2. Cattle 7. Corn
  • 3. Hay 8. Chile
  • 4. Pecans 9. Cotton
  • 5. Greenhouse 10. Wheat

15
Milk
  • New Mexico ranked first in the nation in milk
    production per cow.
  • Seventh in the nation in number of cows and milk
    production.
  • Largest agricultural industry in the state.
  • 340,000 dairy cattle producing 6.95 billion
    pounds of milk.
  • Led by Chaves, Curry, Roosevelt and Dona Ana
    counties.

16
Cattle
  • 1549 Coronado brought horses, cattle, sheep and
    goats.
  • Cattle used to be New Mexicos number one
    agricultural commodity.
  • Beef cattle at 460,000 head for 2005.
  • Gross income from cattle and calves totaled 968
    million.

17
Cattle on private/public lands
  • Since New Mexico is 60 arable, the majority of
    the state is not suited to crops, but great for
    grazing.
  • 46 (28.5 million acres) privately owned
  • 32 (25 million acres) federal lands
  • 12 (9 million acres) state lands
  • 10 (7.5 million acres) tribal lands

18
Hay
  • 240,000 acres harvested in 2005 worth 153
    million.
  • Eddy, Chavez, Dona Ana and San Juan counties
    produce the most alfalfa.

19
Pecans
  • We are usually third in the nation in terms of
    production, behind Georgia and Louisiana.
  • Production totaled 65 million pounds in 2005, a
    record high. Was on the high bearing part of the
    cycle.
  • Value of production totaled 110.5 million.

20
Greenhouse
  • New Mexico has almost 2.5 million square feet of
    greenhouse space.
  • New Mexico averages 320 sunny days a year.
  • High light and low humidity conducive to
    greenhouse growth.

21
Onions
  • 6,400 acres harvested in 2005. Value of
    production 53.6 million.
  • Led by Dona Ana County with 4,000 acres.
  • Luna County followed with 2,200 acres.

22
Corn for Feed
  • Corn grown for silage is the seventh crop
    commodity in New Mexico.
  • Harvested 84,000 acres in 2005.
  • Used for dairies it is green chopped and stored
    as silage.
  • Yield was 24 tons per care for a total production
    of 2.0 million tons.

23
Chile
  • Chile is New Mexicos number 8 crop, we are
    number one producer in the nation.
  • 16,200 acres harvested for a total value of
    47.79 million. Led by Luna (4,700 acres) and
    Dona Ana (3,500 acres) counties.

24
Cotton
  • Long growing season, little humidity.
  • NMSU has released over 25 cotton varieties
    adaptable for New Mexico.
  • Upland harvest of 51,000 acres for a total
    production value of 26 million.
  • Pima harvest at 11,500 acres with a value at 11
    million.

25
Wheat
  • Wheat harvest for 2005 was at 9.7 million bushels
    from 270,000 acres with a value production of
    30.1 million.
  • Curry and Roosevelt counties lead the state in
    wheat production, usually through dry-land
    farming.

26
Not on the top ten list,but still important
  • Sheep
  • Churro sheep brought by Spaniards were very
    hardy.
  • Total sheep in New Mexico in 2005 was 155,000
    head, providing for 1.15 million pounds of wool
    worth 1.3 million dollars.

27
Also important
  • Peanuts
  • In 2005, New Mexico harvested 19,000 acres of
    peanuts.
  • Production was at 62.7 million pounds worth 15.7
    million.

28
And
  • Agri-tourism
  • Agri-tourism is becoming popular with corn mazes,
    pumpkin, patches and u-pick gardens.
  • Wind Energy
  • New ventures for farmers and ranchers include
    wind energy.

29
Conclusion
  • Agriculture has a long history in New Mexico.
  • Agriculture plays a vital role in our states
    economy.
  • Next session we will discuss ag literacy and why
    it is important to our communities.
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