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GRID%20technologies%20for%20learning

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Title: GRID%20technologies%20for%20learning


1
GRID technologies for learning
OnLine Educa BerlinDecember 3-5 2003 Future
Technology for Learning session
  • Pierluigi Ritrovato
  • Centro di Ricerca in Matematica Pura ed Applicata

2
Outline
  • What is the GRID
  • The GRID history
  • What is available
  • GRID vs Web
  • Why grid for Learning
  • Some relevant projects

3
What are The Grid
  • The grid is an emerging infrastructure that will
    fundamentally change the way we think about - and
    use - computing. The grid will connect multiple
    regional and national computational grids to
    create a universal source of computing
    power.The Grid Blueprint for a New Computing
    Infrastructure, Foster and Kesselman, Morgan
    Kaufmann Publishers, 1999

4
The Current GRID Vision
  • Grid has emerged as an important new field,
    distinguished from conventional distributed
    computing by its focus on large-scale resource
    sharing, innovative applications, and, in some
    cases, high-performance orientation for problem
    solving in dynamic, multi-institutional virtual
    organizations
  • Source Foster I., Kesselman C., Tuecke S.
  • The Anatomy of the Grid Enabling Scalable
    Virtual Organizations
  • January 2001

5
Outline
  • What are the GRID
  • The GRID history
  • What is available
  • GRID vs Web
  • Why grid for Learning
  • Some relevant projects

6
Where the Grid is coming from
  • Work over the last decade on several distinct
    topics
  • Metacomputing - combining distributed
    heterogeneous computing resources for solving a
    single problem
  • Data Archiving - building collections of data on
    specific topics with open metadata catalogues and
    well-documented data formats
  • Collaborative Working - network-based facilities
    for distributed, concurrent working on shared
    information
  • Data visualization - large-scale immersive
    facilities for 3D visual interaction with data
    coupled to computational analysis
  • Instrumentation control - remote control of
    experimental equipment and real time data
    gathering systems

7
Who are using the Grid?
  • Physicists
  • Large Hadron Collider Data Grid
  • Engineers
  • real-time visualisation, rapid turn-round
    simulation evaluation
  • Astrophysicists
  • searching across many instrument-specific data
    archives to study a new class of object at all
    wavelengths
  • Environmentalists
  • climate change, pollution
  • Biologists
  • Genome research, drugs design
  • . . .

8
Outline
  • What are the GRID
  • The GRID history
  • What is available
  • GRID vs Web
  • Why grid for Learning
  • Some relevant projects

9
The current state
  • 1st Generation
  • " involved local "Metacomputers" with basic
    services such as distributed file systems and
    site-wide single sign on, upon which adventurous
    software developers created distributed
    applications with custom communications
    protocols.
  • 2nd Generation
  • began with projects such Condor, I-WAY (the
    origin of Globus), Legion (origin of Avaki) and
    UNICOR (from EU), 2G Grids offered basic building
    blocks, but deployment involved significant
    customization making interoperability
    problematic, and interoperability among 2G Grid
    systems is very difficult.
  • 3rd Generation
  • The GGF community is taking lessons learned from
    1G and 2G Grids and from web services
    technologies and concepts to create 3G
    architectures like the Open Grid Services
    Architecture (OGSA) whereby a set of common
    interface specifications supports the
    interoperability of discrete, independently
    developed services.

Source GridToday October 27/2003 Vol 2 n.43 THE
RISE OF THIRD-GENERATION GRIDSBy Charlie
Catlett, Global Grid Forum Chairman
10
OGSAthe Open Grid Services Architecture
  • Service orientation to virtualize resources
  • Define fundamental Grid service behaviors
  • A unifying framework for interoperability
    establishment of total system properties
  • Service description and discovery
  • Service lifetime management
  • Authentication, authorization, policy
  • Notification
  • Integration with Web services
  • Leverage on commercial base standards
  • Neutral wrt the hosting environment technologies
    and developing languages

11
(No Transcript)
12
Grids and Industry Early Examples
Entropia Distributed computing
13
Europe vs USA
Europe hones an edge in technologyContinent
leads U.S. in linking PC 'grids'By John Markoff
and Jennifer L. Schenker/NYT (The New York
Time)Tuesday, November 11, 2003 Novartis
used American software technology to harness the
power of its office PC's, but European and
American scientists and government officials said
Europe was moving faster than the United States
to capitalize on the approach, which is called
grid computing.
14
EU funded projects in 5FP
15
Outline
  • What are the GRID
  • The GRID history
  • What is available
  • GRID vs Web
  • Why grid for Learning
  • Some relevant projects

16
GRID vs WEB
  • Dynamic
  • General resources sharing
  • Scientific target
  • Architecture oriented
  • Aiming at standardising the behaviour
  • Focused on interoperability, reliability and
    security
  • Based on web standards
  • Static
  • Data sharing
  • Business and masses target
  • Infrastructure oriented
  • Aiming at standardising the communication
    (protocols)
  • Focused on sharing and collecting information
  • ?

17
For More Information
  • GRIDSTART
  • www.gridstart.org
  • Global Grid Forum
  • www.ggf.org
  • GRID Today
  • www.gridtoday.com

18
Outline
  • What are the GRID
  • The GRID history
  • What is available
  • GRID vs Web
  • Why grid for Learning
  • Some relevant projects

19
Motivationlacks of existing (e)Learning
practices and environments
  • based on the information transfer paradigm with
    focus on the content and the teacher
  • find the best way for presenting content in order
    to transmit information to learners
  • Technology driven approach
  • Missing specific didactical models
  • all the students are considered the same
  • finds its perfect technical mirror in the page
    oriented approach to the Web
  • e-Learning becomes an activity in which teachers
    produce, and students consume, multimedia books
    on the Web

20
MotivationThe Learning Paradigm Shift
  • knowledge construction, rather than information
    transfer
  • focus is on the learner and on the learning
    strategies
  • Based on new forms of learning
  • Experiential and contextualised - the
    understanding of concepts through direct
    experience of their manifestation in realistic
    contexts
  • Learning as a social process active
    collaboration with other students, teachers,
    tutors, experts or, in general, available human
    peers
  • Personalised learning - guarantee the learner
    will reach a cognitive excellence through
    different learning paths tailored on learners
    characteristics and preferences

21
Some characteristics of future learning scenarios
  • Service Orientation
  • Dynamism, dynamism, dynamism
  • High demand of interoperability
  • Open Architecture
  • Security and Trust
  • Multi institutional account and billing protocols

22
Why GRID technologies
  • Are demonstrating their effectiveness for
    implementing e-Science infrastructure for sharing
    data, applications and knowledge
  • Allow the virtualisation and sharing of several
    kind of resources facilitating the dynamic
    context generation
  • Facilitate the realisation of ubiquitous
    computing concept
  • Facilitate the realisation of emerging
    challenging learning scenarios through dynamic VO

23
Outline
  • What are the GRID
  • The GRID history
  • What is available
  • GRID vs Web
  • Why grid for Learning
  • Some relevant projects

24
www.momanet.it/iwt
  • Intelligent Web Teacher is an extensible
    application framework for building learning
    solutions
  • It has been designed for facilitating the
    paradigm shift

25
GRASPGRID based Application Service
Provisionwww.eu-grasp.net
26
www.lege-wg.org/Activity/Home
27
ELeGIEuropean Learning GRID Infrastructure
  • FP6 Integrated Project under negotiation
  • 23 partners from 8 EU Countries
  • 4 years
  • 5 test-beds

28
Ritrovato Pierluigi ritrovato_at_crmpa.unisa.it
CRMPA University of Salerno 39 089 964289/2201
Useful Links ELeGI coming soon! IWT
www.momanet.it/iwt LeGE-WG - www.lege-wg.org/Activ
ity/Home GRASP www.eu-grasp.org GRIDSTART -
www.gridstart.org Global Grid Forum -
www.ggf.org GRID Today - www.gridtoday.com
29
Some future learning scenariosField trip
30
future learning environment architecture
Learning GRID Applications (Virtual Campus,
Virtual Scientific Experiments, personalized
mobile learning, )
OGSA generic services (orchestration, data mngt.,
logging, )
OGSA Domain Specific Services (user profiling,
skill assessment, LO mngt, ontology mngt, )
Web services run time engine
Operating Systems
Physical resources
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