Title: Major Events during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century
1Major Events during the First Half of the
Nineteenth Century
2Who was the first president of the United States?
3Define political party.
- A group of people with similar beliefs about how
to run the government.
4What were the first two political parties?
- Federalists
- Democratic-Republicans ( also called simply
Republicans)
5Who led the Federalists?
- Alexander Hamilton
- John Adams
6What were the beliefs of the Federalists?
- Strong national government
- Industrial economy (factories or manufacturing)
7What groups supported the Federalists?
8What part of the country gave the Federalists
their strongest support?
9Who led the Republicans?
- Thomas Jefferson
- James Madison
10What were the beliefs of the Democratic-Republican
s?
- Weak national government
- Strong state governments
- Agricultural economy (farming)
11What region gave the strongest support to the
Democratic-Republicans?
12What groups supported the Democratic-Republicans?
- Farmers
- Artisans (Skilled Craftsmen)
- Frontier Settlers
13Who was elected president in 1800?
14What president bought the Louisiana Territory?
15From what country did the United States purchase
the Louisiana Territory?
16How did the Louisiana Territory affect the size
of the United States?
17Who did President Jefferson send to explore the
Louisiana Territory?
18Where did the Louisiana Territory lie?
- West of the Mississippi River
19Who was the guide for the Lewis and Clark
Expedition?
20What war lasted from 1812 to 1815?
21What two countries fought the War of 1812?
- The United States
- Great Britain
22What territory did the United States claim after
the War of 1812?
23What territory did the United States acquire in
1819?
24From what country did the United States acquire
Florida?
25Who served as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
during the first 30 years of the 19th century?
26To what political party did John Marshall belong?
27Why were the Marshall courts decisions important?
- Made the federal courts a co-equal branch of the
United States government
28How did the Supreme Court rule in Marbury v.
Madison?
- Declared a federal law unconstitutional
29What is the power of judicial review?
- A courts power to declare a law unconstitutional
30What is the Supreme Courts main check on the
power of Congress?
31How did the Marshall court rule in McCulloch v.
Maryland?
- Forbid the states from taxing agencies of the
federal government - Declared a Maryland state law unconstitutional
32Who said the power to tax is the power to
destroy?
33Why was McCulloch v. Maryland important?
- Established the power of the federal government
over the states - Strengthened the federal courts power of
judicial review
34What issue did the Monroe Doctrine involve?
35What set forth the basic principles of American
foreign policy from 1823 until the end of the
19th century?
36What were the 4 points of the Monroe Doctrine?
37- No more European colonies in the Americas
- Countries in Western Hemisphere were republics
countries in Europe were monarchies - If European countries threatened any country in
Americas, then they threatened the United States - U.S. would stay out of European affairs
38What continents are in the Western Hemisphere?
- North America
- South America
39What is a republic?
- A Representative Democracy
- The People elect representatives to make the laws
40Who rules in monarchies?
41What was the most important point of the Monroe
Doctrine?
- European countries should stay out of the affairs
of the Western Hemisphere
42What precedent did the Monroe Doctrine set for
American presidents ?
- American presidents would consider it a threat to
the United States, if European countries meddled
with countries in the Western Hemisphere
43What were two trends in American life during the
first half of the 19th century?
- Westward Movement
- Economic Development
44What type of economy developed in the North
during the first half of the 19th century?
45What two transportation improvements encouraged
westward movement and economic development?
46Who invented the cotton gin?
47What did the cotton gin do?
- Separated cotton seeds from the cotton fiber
48What did the cotton gin cause to spread
throughout the Deep South?
- The Cotton Kingdom based on African-American
slavery
49Did the cotton gin increase or decrease the
demand for slaves?
50What resulted from American immigration into
Texas?
- An armed revolt against Mexican rule
51What happened at the Battle of the Alamo?
- The Mexican army killed all the Texans.
52What later happened when the Texans defeated the
Mexican army?
- Texas gained its independence.
53What action did the U.S. eventually take in
regard to Texas?
- Annexed Texas
- Added Texas to the U.S.
54What idea provided political support for
territorial expansion?
55What was Manifest Destiny?
- The belief that it was Gods will for the United
States to stretch from the Atlantic to the
Pacific Ocean
56What war lasted from 1846 to 1848?
57What two countries fought in the Mexican War?
58Who won the Mexican War?
59What was the Mexican Cession?
- The territory the United States got from Mexico
at the end of the Mexican War
60What present-day states were part of the Mexican
Cession?
61- California
- Nevada
- Utah
- Arizona
- part of Colorado
- part of New Mexico