Assignment 10 pts Please visit this link https:survey'lilt'ilstu'eduTakeSurvey'aspxSurveyID8lKHm76K

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Assignment (10 pts)Please visit this link
https//survey.lilt.ilstu.edu/TakeSurvey.aspx?Su
rveyID8lKHm76K Fill out your name, do the
surveyCross-University Survey testing the impact
of this course on non-majorsSurvey will expire
midnight, Wed Jan 21.
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Lecture 2 ScienceHow its done
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Science
- a way of knowing Collection of
facts/catalog of information (average height
of males at USM) Solve problems (calculate
volume of Roberts Stadium) Acquisition of
knowledge explains natural phenomena to us
(why do things fall?) - process (scientific
method) - good at rejecting bad ideas
(falsification) - not perfect (cannot control
all variables) - conclusions are always
tentative (new ideas)
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Science
Observation detailed, free of bias Bias
preheld belief or idea prejudged perspective
Hypothesis an educated guess Prediction
directional outcome under certain
condition(s) Experiments or observation
Variable thing you are interested Control
portion of the experiment in which all
variables are included
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Science
Observation lots of overweight freshman, lean
high school seniors Hypothesis College makes
you fat (not phat!) Experiment 20 college
students in BSC 103 and follow them through
their first year, weight before and
after Variable? College Bias? you might select
certain freshmen who look like they are likely
to gain weight Eliminate bias? Random sample
(every 5th person) Control? non-college
students of same age and monitor their weight
over the same period of time
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Freshman 15
http//www.freshman15.com/
Causes Lack of exercise Eating late at night
Keeping unhealthy snacks on hand (in the dorm
room) Eating unhealthy cafeteria food Drinking
excessive amounts of alcohol
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Science as process
Observation
Scientific Method
Hypothesis is true!
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Domestication in dogs
Dogs and wolves closely related Fossil and DNA
evidence suggests human and dog associations
about 13,000 years ago How did domestication
occur? Man induced men raised orphaned wolf
pups, and through time and hard work was able to
domesticate them Self-induced wolves freely
associated with early humans, and those that did
gained a survival advantage
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Domestication in dogs
Domistication of dogs
Observation
How did this occur?
Man induced
Raise wolf pups you could make them less
aggressive over time
Wolves stayed aggressive
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Coppinger Hypothesis
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Domestication in dogs
Domestication of dogs
Observation
How did this occur?
Self induced
Wolves (wild dogs) would come to humans for food
Observation was consistant
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Science
Theory a general explanation of important
natural phenomenon usually support so well as
to be universally accepted Theory of
Evolution, Theory of Gravity, Big Bang
Theory Law universal statement that is so
well supported as to be accepted as part of
scientific knowledge Law of conservation of
energy, General Relativity
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What is a Theory?
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Summary
Science is a way of knowing Use the scientific
method to understand the world Science can
never know the truth, only exclude
possibilities Science is ever changing
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Lecture 2 AtomsWater, Carbon, and the
foundations of life
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Atoms
Atoms of Gold each 174 picometers 110-12 m
Basic unit of matter Made of smaller
particles Nucleus (protons , neutrons) Electron
shell outside the nucleus (electrons -)
Atoms form molecules through two chemical
bonds Ionic bonds (charged atoms) Covalent bond
(uncharged)
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Ionic bonds
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Ionic bonds
Results in bonding of 2 or more atoms into a
molecule Results in stealing of electrons, which
cause each atom to have a charge (, -) This
difference in charge causes the atoms to stay
together (opposites attract!) Rare in
biological molecules
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Covalent bonds
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Covalent bonds
Results in bonding of 2 or more atoms into a
molecule Results in sharing of electrons (no
charge) The sharing stabilizes the atoms and
causes the atoms to stay together (sharing is
fun!) Common in biological molecules
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Polarity
In covalent bonds when two atoms are of unequal
size, the resulting bond can produce polar (,
-) molecules
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Water
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Water
Polar molecule cohesion (stick to each
other) adhesion (stick to surfaces)
Universal solvent dissolves substances Interact
ions with other molecules Key to life
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Water cycle
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Water cycle
Hydrological cycle
Evaporation and Transpiration (atmosphere) Precipi
tation (returns) Runoff, groundwater, organisms
(storage)
Where is the water? 97 salt water 2 polar
regions 1 Freshwater
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Water Earth and beyond
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Carbon
All life (as we know it) is carbon based
(organic) Four covalent bonds
Wide array of biological molecules
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Carbon
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Carbon
Carbohydrates (sugars) energy source for
organisms 121 carbonhydrogenoxygen Lipids
(fats, waxes, steroids) energy storage,
structure, signaling polar head with fatty acid
tail Proteins made of amino acids cellular
function, enzymes carbon amino group
carboxylic group R (variable) Nucleic acids
(DNA, RNA) molecules of heredity chains of
nucleotides (5 carbon phosphate nitrogen base)
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You are what you eat
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Carbon cycle
CO2 captured by plants and turned into
material Animals and others eat tissue Animal
release that CO2 back into atmosphere Other
release of CO2 Fossil fuels Storage of CO2 Dead
organisms Fossil fuels Limestone
http//eo.ucar.edu/kids/green/images/carboncycle_s
m.jpg
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Carbon recycling
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Summary
Atom form molecules through bonding Molecules
make up the stuff around us Water and Carbon are
both important for life
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NO labs this week. No lecture Monday Next
time Energy Read section 5.1, 5.3 6.1,
6.2 21.2 29.2 Have a great weekend!