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Learning Objectives Chapter 6 Telecommunications and Networks

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Title: Learning Objectives Chapter 6 Telecommunications and Networks


1
Learning Objectives Chapter 6
Telecommunications and Networks
  • Understand the concept of a computer network
  • Explain the diference between a LAN and a WAN
    concept of client/server and peer-to-peer
    networking.
  • Identify the various transmission media and
    topologies used in telecommunications networks.
  • Understand the fundamentals of wireless networks
  • Explain the concepts behind the TCP/IPmodel.

2
Communications
  • Communication by wire
  • Samuel Morses Telegraph
  • Western Union
  • Telephone

3
What is a Computer Network?
  • Telecommunication system - enable the
    transmission of data over public or private
    networks
  • Network - An interconnected chain, group or
    system
  • Computer Network - a communications, data
    exchange, and resource-sharing system created by
    linking two or more computers and establishing
    standards, or protocols, so that they can work
    together

4
Types of Computer Networks
5
Network Concepts
  • Metcalfes Law
  • Fundamentals of Telecommunications -
  • Communications, Signal, Communication medium

6
The Internet
  • What is the Internet?
  • What are the popular uses of the Internet?
  • Who controls the Internet?
  • What is Internet2 ?
  • What is an ISP?

7
A Brief History of the Internet
  • 1957 - Computing was done primarily on large
    mainframe computers
  • 1969 - ARPA commissioned ARPANET for research
    into networking

8
Networks Basics
  • Networks are differentiated by the following
  • Architecture - peer-to-peer, client/server
  • Topology - bus, star, ring, hybrid, wireless
  • Protocols - Ethernet, Transmission Control
    Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
  • Media - coaxial, twisted-pair, fiber-optic, and
    wireless

9
Architecture
  • There are two primary types of architectures
  • Peer-to-peer (P2P) network
  • Client/server network

10
Peer-to-Peer Networks
  • Peer-to-peer (P2P) network - any network without
    a central file server and in which all computers
    in the network have access to the public files
    located on all other workstations

11
Client/Server Networks
  • Client - a computer that is designed to request
    information from a server
  • Server - a computer that is dedicated to
    providing information in response to external
    requests
  • Client/server network - model for applications in
    which the bulk of the back-end processing takes
    place on a server, while the front-end processing
    is handled by the clients

12
Client/Server Networks
  • Network operating system (NOS) - the operating
    system that runs a network, steering information
    between computers and managing security and users
  • Packet-switching - occurs when the sending
    computer divides a message into a number of
    efficiently sized units called packets, each of
    which contains the address of the destination
    computer
  • Router - an intelligent connecting device that
    examines each packet of data it receives and then
    decides which way to send it onward toward its
    destination

13
Client/Server Networks
  • Client/Server network

14
TOPOLOGY
15
PROTOCOLS
  • Protocol - a standard that specifies the format
    of data as well as the rules to be followed
    during transmission
  • Interoperability - the capability of two or more
    computer systems to share data and resources,
    even though they are made by different
    manufacturers

16
Ethernet
  • Ethernet - a physical and data layer technology
    for LAN networking

17
Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol
  • Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
    (TCP/IP) - provides the technical foundation for
    the public Internet as well as for large numbers
    of private network

18
Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol
  • TCP/IP applications
  • File transfer protocol (FTP)
  • Simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP)
  • Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)
  • Simple network management Protocol (SNMP)

19
Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol
20
Voice over IP (VoIP)
  • Voice over IP (VoIP) - uses TCP/IP technology to
    transmit voice calls over long-distance telephone
    lines

21
Wire Media
22
E-BUSINESS NETWORKS
  • Virtual private network (VPN) - a way to use the
    public telecommunication infrastructure (e.g.,
    Internet) to provide secure access to an
    organizations network
  • Valued-added network (VAN) - a private network,
    provided by a third party, for exchanging
    information through a high capacity connection

23
Wireless Technologies
  • Terrestrial microwave
  • Communications satellites
  • Cellular and PCS telephone and pager systems
  • Wireless LANs
  • Bluetooth
  • Wireless Web

24
WIRELESS FIDELITY (WI-FI)
  • Wireless fidelity (wi-fi) a means of linking
    computers using infrared or radio signals
  • Common examples of wireless devices include
  • Cellular phones and pagers
  • Global positioning systems (GPS)
  • Cordless computer peripherals
  • Home-entertainment-system control boxes
  • Two-way radios
  • Satellite television

25
WIRELESS FIDELITY (WI-FI)
  • Disruptive wireless technologies
  • WiMax wireless broadband
  • Radio frequency identification tags (RFID)
  • Micro hard drives
  • Apples G5 and AMDs Athlon 64 processors

26
BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES
  • Mobile and wireless are often used synonymously,
    but actually denote two different technologies
  • Mobile technology - means the technology can
    travel with the user, but it is not necessarily
    in real-time
  • Wireless technology - gives users a live
    (Internet) connection via satellite or radio
    transmitters
  • Drivers of wireless technology growth include
  • Universal access to information and applications
  • The automation of business processes
  • User convenience, timeliness, and ability to
    conduct business 24x7

27
BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES
  • Wireless devices changing business include
  • Wireless local area network (wLAN)
  • Cellular phones and pagers
  • Cordless computer peripherals
  • Satellite television
  • WiMax wireless broadband
  • Security sensor

28
Bluetooth
  • Bluetooth an omnidirectional wireless
    technology that provides limited-range voice and
    data transmission over the unlicensed 2.4-GHz
    frequency band, allowing connections with a wide
    variety of fixed and portable devices that
    normally would have to be cabled together

29
Radio Frequency Identification
  • Radio frequency identification (RFID) - use
    active or passive tags in the form of chips or
    smart labels that can store unique identifiers
    and relay this information to electronic readers

30
RFID
31
Satellite
  • Microware transmitter commonly used to transmit
    network signals over great distances

32
Global Positioning System
  • Global positioning system (GPS) a device that
    determines current latitude, longitude, speed,
    and direction of movement
  • Market for GPS services is at 5 billion with
    expectations for the demand to double over the
    next five years
  • Geographic information system (GIS) designed to
    work with information that can be shown on a map

33
Intranets Extranets
  • Intranet - A network inside a company that uses
    Internet technologies
  • Web Browsers
  • TCP/IP network and HTTP protocols
  • Extranet - An external intranet
  • A private network that uses Internet protocols,
    network connectivity, and possibly the public
    telecommunication system to securely share part
    of an organization's information
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