Web2 meets the Enterprise

1
Web2 meets the Enterprise

• Nick Kings
• nick.kings_at_bt.com
• BT Group

2
Topics

• A brief introduction to the Semantic Web
• An overview of knowledge communities
• Web 2.0
• Research Prototypes
• SemanticWiki - Semantic extensions to wiki
  technology
• Squidz - Knowledge sharing on the Semantic Web
• Future trends

3
Scruffies and Tidies
Top-down
Bottom-up
4
Semantic Web

• Todays web
• Machine-to-human emphasis on presentation
• Semantic web vision
• an extension of the current web in which
  information is given well-defined meaning (Tim
  Berners-Lee)
• making web-based information machine-processable
• ltboldgtuse bold fontlt/gt ? ltproduct-codegt1234-6/Alt
  /gt
• also rules (reasoning business logic conflict
  detection)

5
What is the Semantic Web?

• HTML
• Simple web pages
• mixes content and format
• Progression from HTML -gt XML
• XML allows content to be separated from
  presentation
• XML -gt RDF
• RDF Resource Description Framework
• Known vocabularies and meanings
• RSS early use of RDF
• RDF -gt OWL
• A dialect of RDF, but with particular defined
  meanings
• A Web based Ontology language

6
An RSS example
7
Where we are going with the Semantic Web?
author-of
8
Ontologies Taxonomies
Taxonomy is a classification system where each
node has only one parent simple ontology
Living Beings
Animals
Plants
Invertebrates
Vertebrates
9
Ontology of People and their Roles
Employee
Expert
Analyst
Manager
Programme Mgr
Project Mgr
Typically, we want a richer ontology with more
relationships between concepts.
10
Ontology modelling
Number
11
Mapping to the knowledge base
12
Precision in Semantic Web Search

• Semantic Search could match
• a query Documents concerning a telecom company
  in Europe, John Smith as a director, and a date
  in the first half of 2002.
• With a document containing At its meeting on
  the 10th of May, the board of Vodafone appointed
  John Smith as CTO
• Traditional search engines cannot do the required
  reasoning
• Vodafone is a mobile operator, which is a kind of
  telecom company
• Vodafone is in the UK, which is a part of Europe
  
• CTO is a type of director
• 5th of May is a "date in first half of 2002

13
Semantic Search
14
Semantic Search Entity Results
15
Semantic Search Entity Results
16
The Semantic Web Is Dead
the grand vision of 'A Semantic Web' will not be
achieved, mostly because users cannot be expected
to annotate media with complex labels but can
only be expected to use simple tags

• Mor Naaman
• Yahoo! Research Berkeley
• Panellist
• WWW2007, Banff

17
Knowledge Communities

• People work and live in teams
• Community of interest
• Community of practise
• Community knowledge
• Shared history
• Reputation
• Best practises
• Knowledge sharing requires a dialogue to be
  supported
• Two way!!!!!!!!
• Feedback
• I know you

18
Knowledge Use
COLLATE
DONATE
RELATE
CREATE
19
Putting information into context
Personal space on the computer

• Information is produced and used in a context
• What am I trying to do?
• Why was this information produced?
• Who produced it?
• How reliable is the information?
• How must does it cost me to find, use or share
  information?
• Meta-data is used to capture context

Self
Trusted circle of contacts (2-50 people)
Family and Friends
Moderately trusted people, you may expect to meet
again (50-5,000 people)
Colleagues and Neighbours
Citizens and Markets
Participants in marketplace. Some little shared
knowledge. (5,000 or more people)
20
Problems with sharing?

• I tell you about a web page because
• I know you are interested in this page
• I want you to know what I am interested in, but
• This is a new area that we might both like to
  know about
• I just happen to be thinking about you (Ping!)
• Public goods
• Shared access to a shared resource
• Game theory why should I contribute something I
  already know? AND no-one actually wants to know
  about it
• Lurkers
• Your PC is not a library, but an office and a
  workbench
• Files, documents and emails
• belonging to old and current projects
• Information is of more or less use

21
Problems with sharing?

• Search and browsing is a learning process
• User behaviour (search patterns) change based
  upon user needs/history and current information
  found
• Just sharing a page possibly looses a learning
  opportunity
• Experts tend to have topic specific starting
  points
• A user cannot predict how a page would be useful
  in the future
• Just because a page/document is visited does not
  mean a page is actually useful
• I was lost
• Experts are NOT very good at finding new
  information
• Fixed search strategies
• Newbies are far better

22
Knowledge Management

• Dont forget the social side
• How to answer the problem this is useful to me?
• Make the tools intrinsically fun
• People come to do work not knowledge
  sharing
• How does this help me?
• Have you had more interesting conversations?

23
Obligatory Dilbert
24
What is Web2.0?
25
Semantic WIKI
WIKI
Social Software
Blogs
Recommendation
Tagging
Collaboration
Folksonomy
Digg
Usability
Delicious Flickr 43things Stumbleupon
Participation
Open Source
Web 2.0
Simplicity
Mashups
Standardisation
Semantic Web
Web API
XML
AJAX
Ontology
Google maps Google news
RDF
RSS
DHTML
OWL
FOAF
26
Wikis are just for factual information?
27
(No Transcript)
28
(No Transcript)
29
Wikis can be about anything
30
Web 2.0

• Built upon four important themes
• Community provided content
• Folksonomies or tagging
• Web accessible APIs
• Thick clients (DHTML)
• Social networks accelerate use of applications
• Friends of friends
• Crucially requires the publication of meta-data
• But, allows people to contribute small pieces to
  a larger picture
• Little risk if incorrect information is produced

31
Pulling the approaches together Web3.0?

• Web 2.0
• Low risk
• Community generated
• Semantic Web
• Formal
• Expensive
• Web3.0 ?

32
Research Prototypes SemanticWiki
33
SemanticWiki Wikipedia today

• Brac is a Croatian island by the Adriatic Sea.
  The island has a population of 13,000, living in
  numerous little towns, ranging from the 'main
  town' Supetar, with more than 2,500 inhabitants,
  to Novo Selo, where only a dozen people live.
• Today, Brac lives mostly on tourism, but fishing
  and agriculture (especially wine and olives) are
  very important too, as is selling its precious,
  white stone (which was used in building
  Diocletian's Palace in Split, and is built into
  the White House in Washington, DC, too).
• Category Croatian Island

34
SemanticWiki Typed links

• Extend Wikipedia with typed links
• So the computer understands it

Brac is a CroatiaCroatian island
located in the Adriatic Sea.
Brac is a CroatiaCroatianlocated in island
located in the Adriatic Sealocated by.
35
SemanticWiki Extending Wikipedia

• Basically, just two changes
• Extend Link Syntax. Allow for
• Frankfurt (Main)Frankfurtlocated in
• Export articles as RDF
• http//en.wikipedia.org/rdf/Wikimania
• ltrdfRDFgt
• ltrdfdescription about"enWikimania"gt
• ltenlocated_in rdfresource"enFrankf
  urt_(Main)" /gt
• lt/rdfdescriptiongt

36
SemanticWiki Answering Questions

• Beyond keywords
• Allows for questions like
• all presidents younger than 50
• popes born outside of Italy
• three biggest cities in all African countries
• movies from the 70s starring Sean Connery
• philosophical notions introduced by Russell
• Reasoning
• Is Brac in Europe?

37
SemanticWiki Enhanced Maintenance

• Does every country have one capital?
• Is there a person with more than one mother?
• Is every person born before dying?
• Does the population density fit to population and
  size?
• Do the year articles births fit with the person
  articles births?
• Visit http//ontoworld.org/wiki/Main_Page for
  more details

38
(No Transcript)
39
(No Transcript)
40
(No Transcript)
41
Research Prototypes - Squidz
42
Semantic Knowledge Sharing

• Capture and combine both the social and technical
  context
• Reduce cost of sharing information
• Reduce cost of understanding information
• A user, while browsing, can share and annotate
  pages (or add to existing annotations)
• Technical context (formal classification, user
  tags, comments)
• Social context (who to share with and why)
• Other users made aware if currently browsed page
  has been shared to them
• Driven by case study requirement
• Can modify context by adding further annotations
• Discover related shared content

43
(No Transcript)
44
(No Transcript)
45
(No Transcript)
46
(No Transcript)
47
Future Trends Semantic Web Applications

• Next Generation Knowledge Management
• Automatic or semi-automatic generation of
  ontologies and meta-data from documents
• http//www.sekt-project.com/
• Enterprise information integration
• Ontology as glue for multiple different data
  schemas
• Semantic Service Oriented Architecture
• Semantic Web Services
• Describing services semantically makes it easier
  to discover and (semi-)automatic composition of
  new services
• http//dip.semanticweb.org/
• Semantic GRID
• Automatic composition of Virtual Organisations
• http//www.ontogrid.eu and http//www.BEinGRID.eu
  

48
Future TrendsEnd-user Experience - The
Knowledge Workspace

• Beyond documents tasks, processes
• Beyond multiple point applications (email,
  browser, IM, word, )
• Bring these together in an integrated,
  context-sensitive environment
• Context modelling for
• Content delivery
• Context relevant, non-intrusive
• Collaboration
• Dynamic location and communication with context
  relevant colleagues
• Is Fred available?
• Is he relevant to my current context?
• Controlling context switching
• Learning
• Dynamic and on-demand learning

49
Topics

• A brief introduction to the Semantic Web
• An overview of knowledge communities
• Web 2.0
• Research Prototypes
• SemanticWiki - Semantic extensions to wiki
  technology
• Squidz - Knowledge sharing on the Semantic Web
• Future trends

50
Scruffies and Tidies
Which one are you?
51
Review

• Web 2.0
• Uses the enthusiasm of a committed community
• Semantic Web
• Use the enthusiasm of a committed computer
• Web3.0
• Uses both

52
(No Transcript)