Mechanisms of Disease EnvironmentalNutritional Diseases of Infancy and Childhood June 17, 2003

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Mechanisms of DiseaseEnvironmental/Nutritional/
Diseases of Infancy and ChildhoodJune 17, 2003

• Stephen L. Putthoff, D.O., FCAP
• Chairman, Department of Pathology and Anatomy

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Table 10-3, pg. 409 Table 10-4, pg. 409
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Don't smoke and tell your patients not to.
Don't smoke, and tell your patients not to
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How much do you drink?

• Do you have an alcohol problem? It might be
  useful if you reflected upon it
• Do you have any friends who you think have, or
  may have a predilection for alcohol abuse but
  they seem oblivious?

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Table and images, p. 411
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p413
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Common OTC agents

• Acetaminophen
• Aspirin

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Pollution

• Outdoor
• Indoor

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Industrial exposures

• Volatile organics
• Halogenated hydrocarbons
• Plastics, rubber and polymers
• Metals
• Table 20-12, pg. 421

Table 10-11, p 419
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Effects of lead

• Clinical manifestations?

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Pesticides

• DDT
• Diazanon
• Malathion
• Nicotine
• Arsenic
• Paraquat

• Warfarin
• Strychnine

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Natural Toxins Radiation Injury UV
irradiation Physical Environment Wounding E x
1/T x 1/A x k abrasion laceration contusion g
unshot wounds characteristics, range,
etc. entries exits
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Physical Injury contd
Thermal injuries burns hyperthermia hypothermia
Electrical injuries Atmospheric pressure
injury
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Food and Nutrition

• Nutritional deficiencies
• Protein-energy malnutrition

Kwashiorkor
Marasmus
Table 10-20, pg. 438
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Protein Energy Malnutrition
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Vitamin deficiencies

• Fat soluble
• Water soluble

Table 10-21, pg. 440
Deficiency states vs. toxicity
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Vit. A vs. Vit. C vs Vit. D

• A Fig. 10-23, pg. 442
• Eye xerophthalmia, etc.
• D Fig. 10-24, pg. 443
• rickets, osteomalacia
• C Fig. 10-30, pg. 451
• scurvy

Others beriberi, chelitis, pellagra, macrocytic
anemia,acrodermatitis enteropathica,
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Diet

• High protein/low carbohydrate
• Low protein
• High carbohydrate
• Basic principle eat less, exercise more

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Chemoprevention of cancer

• ??????

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Diseases of Infancy and Childhood

• PKU
• Galactosemia
• Cystic fibrosis
• SIDS
• Neuroblastoma
• Wilms tumor

• Congenital malformations
• Perinatal infections
• RDS-newborn
• Erythroblastosis
• fetalis

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