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Cosmic Rays and

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Bikini Atoll, March 1, 1954. ~ 15 Mt. radioactive particles, ... Indian hot spots', particularly in the SW. Scans of low CC over two. regions show no excess and ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Cosmic Rays and


1
Cosmic Rays and Global Warming
Terry Sloan University of Lancaster,
UK and Arnold Wolfendale Durham University, UK.
2
Global monthly cloud anomalies (Svensmark, 2007)
(a)
a high clouds (lt440 h Pa) b middle (440
680 h Pa) c low (gt680 h Pa)
(b)
(c)
3
Low cloud cover anomalies and CR
intensity (Huancayo) Svensmark (2007)
4
Cloud cover anomalies as a function of vertical
cut-off rigidity (VRCO)
5
Cloud cover anomalies for the whole earth
compared with the CR intensity.
6
Magnitude of the CC modulation vs. VRCO
7

Low cloud cover
8
Latitude variations
CR cosmic rays LCC low cloud cover SI
solar irradiance (normalized at the Equator)
9
Ions as condensation centres for clouds ?
But
10
Evidence from radioactive events
Chernobyl
11
(No Transcript)
12
Nuclear Bomb Tests
Eg. BRAVO - Bikini Atoll, March 1, 1954.
15 Mt radioactive particles, 10 -
100?
300 miles from Ground Zero, dose rate 100
Rh-1, after 4 days. Yields 5.107 ions cm-1s-1
Averaging over space and time and allowing for
size distribution yields.
13
Radon
Radon is an important contribution to
atmospheric ionization over land. Indian hot
spots, particularly in the SW. Scans of low CC
over two regions show no excess and
14
Lightning
As much atmospheric ionization produced by
lightning as by CR (CR lightning). Perhaps
CR affect CC via lightning or at least via
electical conditions in the stratosphere/troposphe
re.
Frequency of lightning strokes
15
Tentative Conclusions
16
The likely situation (after Lean, 2006)
17
(No Transcript)
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