A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man: Chapter 3

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A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Chapter 3

• By Todd McClintock, Nicholas Farnum, Adam Johns,
  Dillon Casey, and Danny Tsai, Krystle Santos

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Sensory Descriptions

• In chapter 3, Stephens senses are not only used
  to strengthen his grasp of the world around him,
  but they are also threatened by the possibility
  of his ascent into hell. Several of Stephens
  visual descriptions revolve around what
  influential people are doing with their hands.
  For example, both Father Arnall and the Priest in
  the confession booth at the Church Street Chapel
  are described at one point as having their hands
  pressed against their foreheads, as well as other
  hand movements to which Stephen gives no
  religious connotation.
• Also, throughout the chapter, Stephen refers to
  rooms, streets, and his own hands as being
  dark, cold, and damp and everywhere he
  roams has some essence of hell to it. Stephens
  senses turn against him when, in his room,
  though his eyes were shut fast he saw the
  places where he had sinned and, though his ears
  were tightly covered, he heard. He desired with
  all his will no to hear or see. (Joyce 98)
• Finally, in one of the sermons in the Chapter,
  Stephen is taught that if he does not repent his
  sins, every one of his senses will be tortured
  and every faculty of the soul therewith,
  (Joyce 86) in hell.

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Methods that Stephen uses to try to avoid guilt
and/ or punishment

• He starts out with food, thinking of how good
  that food going to taste. Then at some point he
  changes and imagines himself his weak and rotting
  body on its deathbed, unable to find the
  salvation it needs. Starts to imagine god
  judgment day when god will punish sinners with no
  hope of appeal or mercy. Then a girl laughed, and
  all he could think about the encounter with Emma.
  With regret, he recalls the entire whore with
  whom he has committed sins of the flesh. When he
  thinks of Emma, Judgment day, and how the Holy
  Virgin reaches her arms out to her. As Father
  Arnall starts describing in horror the Original
  sins of Lucifer, he describes the torments. He
  goes through agonies he suffers during the sermon
  seems close the experience of hell. His flesh
  shrank together as if felt the approach of the
  ravenous tongues of flames. That even one point
  his brain was simmering and bubbling within the
  cracking torment of the skull, Stephen fells the
  flames as if he were being tormented. All of this
  is caused by guilt, his sins, and the feeling
  that he his responsible.

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Stephens Perceived Violation of Each of the
Seven Deadly Sins

• The only sin of the Seven Deadly Sins that
  Stephen committed is the sin of lust. He
  committed this sin when he was with the
  prostitute.
• Stephen has tricked himself into thinking that he
  has committed all of the Deadly Sins. Because he
  was thinking about going back to the brothels for
  prostitutes again, he thinks that he may have
  committed the sin of greed/avarice or at the very
  least committed the sin of lust for the second
  time.
• Stephen begins to think that he is the only
  sinner of all of his classmates. He looks around
  at their faces and believes them to be innocent.
  He then realizes that he may have committed the
  sin of envy.

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Violation of the Seven Deadly Sins continued

• 4. Later in the chapter Stephen is eating dinner
  with the rest of the boys at the retreat. He eats
  quickly (possibly due to him being very nervous
  and scared because of his other sins) but when he
  finishes he worries that he has committed the
  deadly sin of gluttony.
• 5. Remembering when he became envious of his
  classmates and non-sinners, he falsely believed
  that he was angry too, thus he committed the sin
  of wrath or so he thought.
• 6/7. After committing( or imagining that he
  committed) all of these sins, he knew that he
  must confess them. He held back on confessing
  immediately, but then he began to think that
  maybe God thought that he was now committing the
  sins of sloth and pride, so he hurried to the
  Church Street Chapel.

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Fall From Grace, repentance, and redemption

• Fall from Grace
• Stephen experiences a fall from grace when he
  realizes his mortal sins. At the beginning of
  Chapter 3, Stephen is daydreaming about food and
  sex, which are the sins of Gluttony and lust. (pg
  72)
• He also realizes his own Lust for destruction
  (pg73) and is awed by his indifference towards
  God.
• Repentance
• Father Arnall comes to his new school to tell
  about the retreat in honor of St. Francis Xavier,
  and Stephen begins to crumble from his guilt.
  Stephens heart had withered up like a flower of
  the desert. (pg 77)
• Stephen has a nightmare as a result of his guilt,
  and the creatures of this nightmare are of his
  own creation. This shows that the pressure and
  guilt is coming from within, not from any outside
  influences. (pg98)
• Redemption
• He goes to a confessional to repent to a priest,
  and the priest absolves his sins. At the end of
  the Chapter, Stephen is portrayed as a new man,
  forgiven of his sins and free. (pg 102)
• What Stephen went through also symbolizes the
  Christian view of mankind, where Adam and Eve
  fall from sins and they repent and are redeemed
  by Christ.

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Turning Point or Climax for Stephen

• Stephen experiences a complete spiritual
  transformation during this chapter. Stephen sits
  through and is deeply impacted by a very intense
  sermon. The sermon is mainly about hell and
  sinning. The powerful words paralyze Stephan
  with fear and guilt. The sermon makes him
  realize that he is heading down the path to hell.
  After the sermon, he recognizes that the only
  way to prevent his damnation is to confess his
  sins sincerely. He gets into the confession
  booth and emotionally confesses all of his sins
  that he committed. After he is dismissed from
  the booth, he kneels with the other boys to pray.
  He feels total redemption Another life! A
  life of grace and virtue and happiness! It was
  true. It was not a dream from which he would
  wake. The past is the past. This proves to be
  a major turning point in Stephens philosophy.
  It appears that he is no longer questioning God
  and has given up his sins.

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Dante Alighieris Divine Comedy (The Inferno)

• Dantes Divine Comedy is an epic poem divided
  into three parts that depict Dantes own travels
  through hell, purgatory, and paradise. After the
  Latin poet Virgil guides Dante through hell, he
  is lead to the seven terraces of purgatory. Each
  terrace is meant to correct sinners of one of the
  seven deadly sins in a manner appropriate to
  their sin.
• For Example
• The First Terrace Pride carry heavy weights on
  their back (pride is a weight on the soul and it
  is better to lose it)
• The Second Terrace Envy have eyes sewn shut
  and are camouflaged to look like the ground (do
  not envy others so love is faceted on God)
• The Third Terrace Wrath wander aimlessly
  through thick smoke (wrath clouds vision and
  impedes judgment)
• The Fourth Terrace Sloth cannot stop running
  (shows devotion to penance)
• The Fifth Terrace Avarice lay motionless with
  face to the ground (abandon want for earthly
  things)
• The Sixth Terrace Gluttony cannot eat or drink
  (lose appetite for sin)
• The Seventh Terrace Lust burn in a bunch of
  flames (corrects misdirection from love of God)

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Continued.

• As the sermon left, Stephen was paralyzed
  with fear, recognizing that hell is his
  destination. After in English class all Stephen
  could think about was his soul. His guilt is
  pushing Stephen to face the future, to the point
  of judgment day. It also forces him to confront
  the past with the incident of Emma. He, He
  himself, his body to which he had yielded way
  dying, into the grave with it! Nail it down into
  a wooden box, the corpse.
• Showing the pain he is going through.
  Stephen is punishing himself by basically scaring
  himself. When Stephen goes to his room to be
  alone with his soul, he worries that there are
  evil creatures waiting in his room for him. Then
  lying down, Stephen closes his eyes and has a
  fearful vision of a field covered in weeds,
  occupied by six ghoulish goats like creatures
  with grey skin. Then they go around Stephen
  murmuring words he couldnt really understand.
• He scares himself to wake up and he
  confesses his sins to priest. The priest offers
  his forgiveness. He made his own punishment by
  guilt.

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Thomas Aquinas and the Seven Deadly Sins

• The table below shows The Seven Deadly Sins
  (vices) in the traditional order with the virtues
  against which they are sins. The history of this
  list goes back at least to Pope St. Gregory the
  Great and St. John Cassian, but while the list
  itself is not strictly biblical, the Bible
  proscribes all seven. If one or more of these
  doesn't seem like a big sin to you, it almost
  certainly means you have already rationalized it.
  
• Pride- cause or source of pleasure or
  satisfaction the best of a group or class
  
• Greed- reprehensible acquisitiveness insatiable
  desire for wealth
  
• Envy- Jealousy felt toward another having some
  thing or quality
• Anger- A strong feeling caused by a person or
  thing that opposes, displeases, or hurts one.
  
  
  
• Lust- Intense or unrestrained sexual craving.
  
  
• Gluttony- Excess in eating or drinking.
  
  
• Sloth- Aversion to work or exertion laziness
  indolence.

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Jonah

• Jonah, the son of Amittai, was born in Israel. He
  was called by God to preach repentance to
  Assyria, of which the capital city was Nineveh.
  However, Jonah rebelled. Jonah didn't want to
  preach to the pagans of Assyria. So, Jonah
  attempted to escape God's plan by fleeing on a
  ship. But Jonah was tossed overboard and
  swallowed by a great fish. Jonah prayed to God
  and asked forgiveness and thanked God for being
  so faithful, and the result was, God commanded
  the fish to vomit Jonah out. Later, the fish
  spit him out on the shoreline. Then, finally,
  Jonah obeyed God's command and went to Nineveh to
  preach. His preaching was successful and 120,000
  people in Nineveh turned to God in compliance,
  sparing themselves punishment from God.
• Stephen can be compared to Jonah, since Stephens
  journey with God is very similar to Jonahs.
  Stephan rebelled knowingly against Gods will
  when he committed sins of impurity with women.
  This parallels Jonah fleeing on a ship to disobey
  God. Jonah is then trapped in a giant fish which
  represents Stephen being trapped in a sermon.
  Jonah prays to God and asks for forgiveness and
  is spit out by the fish. Stephen confesses all
  of his sins and feels a great burden being lifted
  from his shoulders, as he feels that God has
  forgiven him.

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Christs Decent Into Hell

• After His death, the soul of Jesus, still united
  to the divinity, descended into the realm of the
  dead, which the Creed calls "hell", in the old
  English usage. It does not mean at all the hell
  of the damned. He visited what is called the
  Limbo of the Fathers. For the just, who had died
  in the state of grace, and had paid all the debt
  of their sins, were still not admitted to the
  vision of God until Jesus had died. Fr.
  William G. Most
• When Christ descended into hell, He brought
  salvation to the souls held captive there.
• When Stephen hears the sermon being dictated to
  him about the evils of hell and eternal damnation
  of sinners, he associates himself with the damned
  and during the sermon, goes through his own
  personal hell hearing about how he will be damned
  if he does not confess. He also goes through his
  own personal resurrection as he confesses and
  feels the weights of his sins lifted.

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Get out some kinda paperforSOME KINDA QUIZon
chapter 3(its gonna be hell)

• 1. Which of these is one of the seven deadly
  sins?
• (a) Violence (b) Gluttony (c) Giving group 3 a
  bad grade (d) Boonswaggling
• 2. What saint was the retreat in honor of?
• (a) St. Ferris Bueller (b) St. Christopher (c)
  St. Francis Xavier (d) The Boondock Saints
• 3. Where was Jonah meant to preach?
• (a) Assyria (b) Walla Walla, Washington (c)
  Mecca (d) Hell
• 4. Who led Dante through the Inferno and other
  places?
• (a) Timon/Pumba (b) Sebastian (c) Abu (d)
  Virgil
• 5. What is the punishment in purgatory for
  slothfulness?
• (a) Constantly running (b) Eating a whole thing
  of marshmallow peeps
• (c) Damned to eternal viewing of MTVs
  pop-culture phenomenon, Laguna Beach
• (d) Carrying a heavy rock

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SOME KINDA TEST CONTINUED!

• 6. Which deadly sin did Stephen commit when he
  hooked up wit dat prostitute?
• (a) Leprosy (b) Lustfulness (c) Chicken Limbo
  (d) Avarice
• 7. Where did Stephen confess his sins?
• (a) The Retreat (b) Church Street Chapel (c)
  Belvedere
• (d) The Drive-thru at DQ
• 8. What animal did the demons in Stephens dream
  most resemble?
• (a) Teletubbies w/ knives (b) Brontosauruses
  (c) Goats (d) Wolves
• 9. What part of hell did Christ arrive at after
  he died?
• (a) Level 8 The Malebolge (b) The Limbo of the
  Fathers (c) The Level of Pimpz n Hoez
• (d) The Level of the Simonists
• 10. What did Christ bring to the souls held
  captive in hell?
• (a) Krispy Kreme Donuts (b) Bling (c)
  Indulgences (d) Salvation

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