NASA GIFTS NMP EO-3 Mission Status Overview W. L. Smith (NASA Langley Research Center) 3rd Annual Workshop on Hyperspectral Meteorological Science of UW MURI and Beyond

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NASA GIFTS NMP EO-3 Mission Status Overview W.
L. Smith (NASA Langley Research Center)3rd
Annual Workshop on Hyperspectral Meteorological
Science of UW MURI and Beyond
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Geostationary Imaging Fourier Transform
Spectrometer GIFTS A revolutionary weather
forecast tool
New Technology for Atmospheric Temperature,
Moisture, Winds
EO-3 GIFTS-IOMI
4-d Digital Camera
Horizontal Large area format Focal Plane
detector Arrays
Vertical Fourier Transform
Spectrometer

Time Geostationary Satellite
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GIFTS Sampling Characteristics

• Two 128x 128 Infrared focal plane detector
  arrays with 4 km footprint size
• Two 512 x 512 Visible focal plane detector
  arrays with 1 km footprint size
• Field of Regard 512 km x 512 km at satellite
  sub-point
• 11 second full spectral resolution integration
  time per Field of Regard
• 80,000 Atmospheric Soundings every minute

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Water Vapor Flux (3 x 3 GIFTS Cubes)
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GIFTS-IOMI Program Concept
Indian Ocean Ops
TECHNOLOGY

• Imaging Interferometer
• Cryogenic Michelson Interferometer
• Laser Metrology System
• On-Board Calibration
• LFPA and Cryogenic Cooling
• 128 x 128 Infrared Detector Arrays
• Redundant Cryo-Coolers
• High Speed Signal Processing
• Rad-Hard Analog to Digital Converters
• PowerPC Rad750
• Data Compression
• Rad-Hard Processors
• Pointing and Control
• Star Tracker
• 512 x 512 Visible Detector Arrays
• Lightweight Optics
• SiC Telescope

VALIDATION
INFUSION
NASA - Demonstrate Wind Sounding Measurement
Concept Validate the Technologies
NOAA - Demonstrate Operational Utility Infuses
Technology into NOAA instruments
Navy - Provides Advanced Imaging/Sounding Data
Products for Fleet Operations
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Original GIFTS-IOMI Partner Contributions
NASA GIFTS Instrument Supporting
Technologies (105 M)
Navy Spacecraft Instrument Lifetime
Enhancements (70 M)
NOAA US Ground System, Algorithms, Data
Processing Archive (40 M)
Air Force (STP) Launch Vehicle Launch
Services (65 M)
Australia (BoM) IO Ground System, Data
Processing Archive (20 M)
Revolutionary Weather Observations Validation of
Next Generation Geostationary Meteorological
Satellite System (300 M)
Offered Indian Ocean Phase Support
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Current Partner Contributions
NASA GIFTS Instrument Supporting Technologies
NOAA US Ground System, Algorithms, Data
Processing Archive
NAVY (DoD) Air Force (STP) Launch Vehicle
Launch Services
Spacecraft ?? International Partner Geo
Quickride NOAA/NASA Funds
Australia (BoM) Ground System, Data Processing
Archive
Revolutionary Weather Observations, Validation of
Next Generation Geostationary Meteorological
Satellite System, Geostationary Satellite
Component of EOS
Offer to support if spacecraft within line of
site
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GIFTS The Geostationary AugmentationOf the
Earth Observing System (EOS)
GIFTS
CALIPSO
CloudSat
Aqua
PARASOL
Aura
NPP/NPOESS
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CRYSTAL-FACE NAST-I data shows that GIFTS will be
able to measure water vapor dynamics associated
with Cirrus cloud life cycle
(Calipso)
CRS 94 GHz reflectivity profiles
(CloudSat)
NAST-I Clear Air Relative Humidity
Relative Humidity ()
(GIFTS)
1958
1944
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Expected GIFTS Retrieval Accuracy
Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) Retrieval
Algorithm

• R radiance
• s,c surface or cloud emissivity
• Bs,c surface or cloud Planck radiance
• transmittance between aircraft and
  ..atmospheric Pressure level (P)
• S,catmospheric transmittance between
  aircraft and
  surface or cloud (PS,c)
• atmospheric transmittance between
  surface or cloud
  P and aircraft
• Pac aircraft pressure, Ps surface pressure
• ? radiance
• E radiance covariance EOFs
• C radiance EOF amplitudes
• T temperature
• Q H2O mixing ratio
• K regression coefficients

For clear sky and opaque cloud
Radiance EOF Amplitudes
Ts, ?s(?) , T(p), Q(p)
Retrieval Solution

• Physical Regression EOFs and regression
  training based on calculated radiances
• Training should include cloud, sfc. emissivity,
  skin temp, and solar variability
• Null radiance errors assumed for PC
  specification and regression training
• EOF selected by spatial radiance RMSD
  (observed minus retrieval) minimization

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I-HOP Radiosonde Comparisons
NAST1602 UTC 36.61N, -97.48W
NAST12.53 UTC 36.61N, -97.48W
June 3, 2002
June 9, 2002
RAOB WWR (14UTC) 36.43N, 99.53W
RAOB CF (15/18 UTC) 36.61N, 97.49W
NAST1618 UTC 36.46N, 101.05 W
NAST1940 UTC 36.,27N, 99.73 W
June 12, 2002
June 11, 2002
RAOB WWR (14UTC) 36.43N, 99.53W
RAOB WWR (17UTC) 36.43N, 99.53W
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C-F Radiosonde Comparisons
July 9
July 13
July 16
July 3
July 7
July 17
July 26
July 19
July 23
July 29
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C-F Retrieval Vs Radiosonde Mean and Stde (10
Cases)
Florida Region July 2002
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May 30 NAST LASE Comparison
1923 UTC
DC-8
Proteus
UWKA
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NAST-I Vs LASE ( May 30, 2002)
2118 2137 UTC, 37.4 N (E W)
1850 1950 UTC, 37.4 N (W E)
Dry Layer
NAST-I and LASE horizontally averaged to 40 km

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NAST-I (May 30, 2002)
Proteus Climb
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NAST-I Vs LASE ( May 30, 2002)
2230 - 2320 UTC, 36.6 N (W E)
2118 2137 UTC, 37.4 N (E W)
Three Moist Layers
Moist
Moist
Moist
NAST-I and LASE horizontally averaged to 40 km

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Thin Cirrus Effects on Retrieval
GOES IR (2208UT)
GOES IR (2208UT)
May 30, 2002
o
o
SRL
Flight Track
o
o
SRL
Flight Track
GOES Visible (2208 UT)
Thin cirrus produces little effect on retrieval
NASA SRL data
May 30, 2002 (19.5 23 UT)
Aerosol Depolarization
(37.8N, 100W)
Aerosol Backscatter
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June 9 Proteus Flight Track
4 Legs
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June 9 (Leg 1 and Leg 2)
K
Temperature Cross-section
East
East
West

Relative Humidity Cross-section
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June 9 (Leg 3 and Leg 4)
K
Temperature Cross-section
East
West
East

Relative Humidity Cross-section
PBL Drying
PBL Moistening
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NAST-I Vs LASE ( June 9, 2002)
1742 1814 UTC 37.0 N (W ?E)
1530 1600 UTC 36.6 N (W?E)
NAST-I and LASE horizontally averaged to 40 km

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Moisture (June 11 Vs June 12)
June 11, 2002 (3-Layers)
NAST1618 UTC 36.46N, 101.05 W
RAOB WWR (14UTC) 36.43N, 99.53W
June 12, 2002 (2-Layers)
NAST1940 UTC 36.,27N, 99.73 W
RAOB WWR (17UTC) 36.43N, 99.53W

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Aqua Overpass Flight (March 3, 2003)
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NAST and GIFTS Spectra and Retrieval Channels
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Retrieval Comparisons With Dropsonde
GIFTS Mean
GIFTS Deviation from Mean (K) _at_ GIFTS Resolution
(4 km)
GIFTS
Drop
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AIRS and NAST Date Used for Intercomparison
AIRS
NAST
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Dropsonde, NAST, and AIRS Temperature Profile
Cross Sections
AIRS Resolution
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Summary

• GIFTS Program
• Instrument to be completed by September 2005
• Navy unable to fund spacecraft (STP launch
  still planned)
• Spacecraft Options being considered
• Foreign Spacecraft
• Commercial Geo-Quick Ride Opportunity
• Launch slip, until 2007 at the earliest,
  permits extensive ground testing and timely
  impact on GOES-R
• GIFTS science in excellent shape as a result of
  experience with NAST aircraft data and now
  AIRS satellite data processing experience