Ancient Rome

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Ancient Rome
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The Etruscans
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7 Hills on the Tiber
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Romulus and Remus
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The 12 TablesC. 499 B.C.E.

• The laws of the twelve tables are one of the
  earliest known law codes.

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The 12 TablesExcerpts
Quickly kill ... a dreadfully deformed child.
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If a father thrice surrender a son for sale, the
son shall be free from the father.
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• A child born ten months after the father's death
  will not be admitted into a legal inheritance.

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If any person has sung or composed against
another person a song such as was causing slander
or insult to another, he shall be clubbed to
death.
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A spendthrift is forbidden to exercise
administration over his own goods.
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Intermarriage shall not take place between
plebeians and patricians.
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Early Roman Expansion Factors

• The Citizen Army
• Treatment of Conquered People
• Adaptation of Social and Political Structures

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Carthage

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Hannibal
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Scipio Africanus
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Battle of Zama, 202 B.C.E.
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Tiberius Gracchus163-133 B.C.E.
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Brothers Gracchi
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Marius155-86 B.C.E.
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Sulla138-78 B.C.E.
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From Plutarchs Life of Sulla
"The time in which he lived was no longer an age
of pure and upright manners, but had already
declined, and yielded to the appetite for riches
and luxury..."
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Cicero106-43 B.C.E.
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Cicero
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Cato
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Crassus114-53 B.C.E.
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Spartacus-71 B.C.E.
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Pompey106-48 B.C.E.
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Julius Caesar100-44 B.C.E.
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• "They the hostile senators have seduced Pompey
  . . . and led him astray, through jealous
  belittling of my merits . . . I ask you to defend
  my reputation and standing against the assaults
  of my enemies." Caesar, the civil war

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Rome in Caesars Time
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Julian Forum
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Cleopatra
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Murder of Caesar
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At Caesars Forum
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Brutus
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The Roman Empire14-284
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Marc Antony83-30 B.C.E.
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Lepidus
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Octavian
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Augustus31 B.C.E.- A.D. 14
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Tiberius14-37
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Caligula37-41
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Claudius41-54
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Nero54-68
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Seneca4 B.C.E.-A.D. 65
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Vespasian69-79
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Colosseum
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Scale Model
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Pantheon
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Interior of the Pantheon, Giovanni Panini, 1740