Guiding Childrens Health

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Guiding Childrens Health
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Guiding Childrens Health

• Objectives for Guiding Health
• Develop center health policies
• Review the childrens health records to ensure
  that they receive immunizations
• Recognize ill children when making health
  observations
• Isolate children who may have an illness from the
  group
• Contact parents on health issues when appropriate
• Plan a safe environment to prevent accidents
• Provide first aid treatment
• Take part in health-related in-service training
• Include health in the childrens curriculum

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Health Policies
• A policy is a course of action that controls
  future decisions
• In most states, the health of children in child
  care is regulated by state licensing rules and
  regulations.
• The purpose of a policy is to protect young
  children

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Medical Examination
• All children enrolled in a program should have a
  preadmission medical exam to determine if...
• the child is be free from communicable diseases
  (illnesses that can be passed on to other people)
• the child has had all needed immunizations
• the child has any known allergies
• the child has any special health problem that
  would affect his or her enrollment

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Immunizations
• To protect all children, each child attending a
  center MUST have proper immunizations.
• Only exception is religious or medical reasons
• Immunization recommended for preschool children
  are
• oral polio, DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus,
  pertussis or whooping cough), measles, mumps,
  rubella (German measles), and HbCV (Haemophilus
  influenzae type b conjugate vaccine)
• HbCV provides protection against bacterial
  infections

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Immunizations for Preschool Children
• 2 months
• Oral polio, DTaP, and HbCV
• 4 months
• Oral polio, DTaP, and HbCV
• 6 months
• DTaP and HbCV
• 12-15 months
• Oral polio, Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR),
  HbCV, Chickenpox vaccine (if the child has never
  had chickenpox)
• 15-18 months
• DTaP booster
• 4-6 years
• Oral polio DTaP (booster), Chickenpox vaccine
  (if child has never had chickenpox), MMR

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MASSACHUSETTS SCHOOL IMMUNIZATION REQUIREMENTS
2006

• Child Care/Preschool (new enters) -
• Hepatitis B (3 doses), DTP (4 doses), polio (3
  doses), Hib (1-4 doses), MMR (1 dose), Varicella
  (1 dose)
• Kindergarten (new enters) -
• Hepatitis B (3 doses), DTP (5 doses), Polio (4
  doses), Hib (N/A), MMR (2 doses measles, 1 of
  mumps 1 of rubella), Varicella (1 dose)
• Grades 1-6 (new enters) -
• Hepatitis B (3 doses), DTP (4 doses of DTP or 3
  Td), Polio (3 doses), Hib (N/A), MMR (2 doses
  measles, 1 dose of mumps 1 of rubella),
  Varicella (1 dose)

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MASSACHUSETTS SCHOOL IMMUNIZATION REQUIREMENTS
2006

• Grades 7-12 (new enters) -
• Hepatitis B (3 doses), DTP (4 doses DTP or 3
  doses Td plus 1 Td booster), Polio (3 doses), Hib
  (N/A), MMR (2 doses measles, 1 mumps 1
  rubella), Varicella (1 dose if younger than 13
  years old, 2 doses if older than 13 years old),
  Meningococcal (1 dose for all new students in
  residential schools only)
• College (new enters)
• Hepatitis B (3 doses for all health sciences
  students and all full-time undergraduate and
  graduate students), DTP/Td (1 Td booster within
  the last 10 years), Polio (N/A), Hib (N/A), MMR
  (2 doses measles, 1 mumps 1 rubella), Varicella
  (N/A), Meningococcal (1 dose for all new students
  who will be living in college-provided housing.)

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Communicable Diseases
• Chicken pox (varicella)
• Incubation period - 2 - 3 weeks (13-17 days)
• Signs symptoms - sudden onset, slight fever,
  lesions appear on scalp first, then on body, more
  lesions appear and remain for 3-4 days, then
  crust over.
• Keep child home until all lesions have crusted
  over - usually 5-6 days after first onset of
  lesions
• Mild in children, maybe more severe in adults and
  children with weakened immune systems

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Conjunctivitis (pink eye)
• Incubation period - 24-72 hours
• Signs symptoms - redness in the white of the
  eye, may have pus discharge, eye irritation
• The communicability depends on the case, but
  usually while the inflammation or drainage are
  present. Keep patient home during communicable
  period.
• Most infections are viral, but some are
  bacterial.
• May be spread thru hand to eye contact.
• Some symptoms may be an allergy.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Viral Hepatitis Type A
• Incubation Period - 15-50 days (ave. 25 days)
• Signs symptoms - usually abrupt onset with
  fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, and
  abdominal pain. Jaundice is less common in
  children than adults.
• Most communicable during 1st week and up to 1
  week after jaundice.
• Careful hand-washing is essential
• Household contacts should be given immune
  globulin (IG) as soon as possible. This gives
  immediate, temporary protection.

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Who should get the Hepatitis A Vaccine?

• All children 1 year of age (12-23 months) (Not
  licensed for children younger than 1 year of age)
• People 1 year and older traveling or working in
  countries with high or intermediate prevalence of
  hepatitis A such as Central or South America,
  Mexico, Asia, Africa, and eastern Europe.
  (www.cdc.gov/travel)
• Children and teenagers thru age 18 who live in
  states or communities where routine vaccines are
  given because of high disease incidence.
• Men who have sex with men
• People who use street drugs
• People w chronic liver disease
• People who are treated with clotting factor
  concentrates
• People who work with HAV-infected primates or who
  work with HAV in research labs.
• In special situations such as to children and
  teenagers a given community where outbreaks of
  hepatitis A are occurring.

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Hepatitis B

• Is a serious disease that affects the liver.
  Caused by the hepatitis B virus.
• Short-term loss of appetite, diarrhea and
  vomiting, tiredness, jaundice, pain in the
  muscles, joints, stomach
• Chronic (long-term) can lead to liver damage
  (cirrhosis), liver cancer and even death
• This is more common among infants and children
  than adults.
• People with HBV can spread the disease even if
  they have no symptoms or appear sick.
• STATISTICS
• In 2005 about 51,000 people became infected with
  hepatitis B.
• About 1.25 million people in the US have chronic
  HBV infection
• Each year about 3,000 5,000 people die from
  cirrhosis or liver cancer caused by HBV

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Hepatitis B How its spread

• Through contact with the blood or other body
  fluids of an infected person
• Examples
• Contact with a mothers blood and body fluids at
  time of birth
• Contact with blood and body fluids through breaks
  in skin such as bites, cuts, or sores
• Contact with objects that could have blood or
  body fluids on them such as toothbrushes or
  razors
• Having unprotected sex with an infected person
• Sharing needles when injecting (illegal or
  street) drugs
• Being stuck with a used needle on the job

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Hepatitis B Why get vaccinated?

• Hepatitis B vaccine can prevent hepatitis B and
  the serious consequences of HBV infection
  including liver cancer and cirrhosis
• Since 1991, when hepatitis B vaccines became
  routine in U.S. children, the incidence of acute
  (short-term) hepatitis B among children and teens
  dropped by more than 95 - and by 75 in all age
  groups.
• The vaccine is made from a part of the hepatitis
  B virus and cant cause HBV infection
• The hepatitis B vaccine is usually given as a
  series of 3 or 4 shots, this series gives
  long-term (possibly lifelong) protection from HBV
  infection

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Hepatitis B Who should get vaccinated when?

• All children should get their 1st dose of
  hepatitis B at birth and should complete the
  series by 6-18 months of age.
• Children and teens through 18 years of age who
  didnt get the vaccine when they were younger.
• All unvaccinated adults who are at risk of HBV
  infection including
• people who have sex with HBV infected people
• men who have sex with men
• people who inject street drugs
• people with chronic liver or kidney disease
• people with jobs that expose them to human blood
• household contacts of people infected with HBV
• residents and staff in institutions for the
  developmentally disabled
• kidney dialysis patients
• people who travel to countries where hepatitis B
  is common
• people with HIV infection

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Influenza
• Incubation period - 24-72 hours
• Signs symptoms - rapid onset of fever, chills,
  headache, lack of energy, muscle ache, sore
  throat, cough
• Communicable for 3-7 days after onset.
• Keep patient home until symptoms disappear
• Vaccine is available and should be given to
  people with greatest risks of serious
  complications from the disease the chronically
  ill and the elderly.

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• Who should get flu shot?
• All children 6 mos. 5 yrs.
• Anyone over 50 yrs.
• Anyone 6 mos. 18 yrs. who is on long-term
  aspirin treatment (Reye Syndrome could develop if
  they got the flu)
• Women who are pregnant during the flu season
• Anyone with long-term health problems (ex. heart
  disease, lung disease, asthma, kidney disease,
  diabetes, anemia or other blood disorders)
• Anyone with weakened immune systems due to
  HIV/AIDS, long-term steroid use, cancer treatment
  with x-rays or drugs.
• Anyone with certain muscle or nerve disorders
  such as seizure disorders or severe cerebral
  palsy
• Resident of nursing homes and other chronic-care
  facilities

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• Who is recommended to get the flu shot?
• Health care providers
• Household contacts and caregivers of children up
  to 5 yrs. old
• Household contacts and caregivers of people 50
  yrs. old and older, and those w/ medical
  conditions that put them at higher risk for
  severe complications from the flu.
• A yearly flu shot is recommended for
• People who provide essential community services
• People living in dorms or in crowded conditions
• People at high risk of flu complications who
  travel to the Southern hemisphere between April
  and Sept. or to the tropics or in organized
  tourist groups at any time.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Measles
• Incubation period - 8-13 days
• Signs symptoms - high fever (101F or higher),
  with a cough, runny nose and/or conjunctivitis, a
  blotchy rash begins on the face in 3-5 days after
  early signs, the rash then spreads to the rest of
  the body and can last 4 or more days.
• Communicable from onset or respiratory illness
  until 4 days after rash appears.
• Keep patient home until 5 days after rash appears
• Vaccine is available.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Mononucleosis
• Incubation period - 2-6 weeks
• Signs symptoms - fever, sore throat inflamed
  posterior lymph glands.
• Keep patient home at discretion of doctor.
• In young children mono is usually mild and
  difficult to recognize.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Mumps
• Incubation period - 12-26 days (commonly 18 days)
• Signs symptoms - fever, pain and swelling about
  the jaw involving one or more salivary glands.
  Many infections occur without symptoms.
• Keep patient home until salivary gland swelling
  had subsided or other symptoms clear up.
• Infectious early may cause complications in
  adults
• Vaccine available

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Pediculosis (lice)
• Incubation period - eggs hatch in a week reach
  maturity in about 2 weeks
• Signs symptoms - excessive scratching on head
  or other parts of body. Eggs are laid in the
  hair, especially at the nape of the neck around
  the ears.
• Keep patient home until treated
• Avoid sharing personal belongings such as
  clothing, head gear, combs, brushes.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Ringworm (scalp, skin, feet)
• Incubation period - variable 1-3 weeks
• Signs symptoms - Scalp Scaly patches of
  temporary baldness infected hairs are brittle.
  Skin Flat, inflamed, ring-like sores that may
  itch or burn. Feet Scaling or cracking of the
  skin, especially the toes or blisters containing
  a thin watery fluid.
• Communicable as long as active lesions are
  present.
• Preventive measures are largely hygienic.
• Ringworm is spread directly by contact with
  articles and surfaces contaminated by infected
  persons or animals.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Rubella (German Measles)
• Incubation period - 14-21 days
• Signs symptoms - mild symptoms, slight fever,
  rash, lasting about 3 days, enlarged head and
  neck glands are common (in the back of neck and
  behind the ears)
• Keep patient home until 4 days after appearance
  of rash.
• Highly communicable, but vaccine is available
• Complications are mild except in pregnant women.
  If a pregnant woman become infected, fetal damage
  can result. (blindness or deafness could occur in
  baby)

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Pertussis (whooping cough)
• Incubation period - 5-10 days
• Signs symptoms - Begins with a cold. An
  increasingly irritating cough develops with a
  characteristic whoop and frequently occurs in
  spasms accompanied by vomiting.
• Keep patient home for 21 days from beginning of
  whoop or 5-7 days after onset of appropriate
  therapy.
• Most dangerous to preschool children.
  Immunization is not recommended for children over
  6 years old.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Scabies
• Incubation period - 4-6 weeks with first
  infections, several days with reinfection.
• Signs symptoms - Small raised reddened areas or
  lesions with connecting grayish-white lines.
  Marked itching. Most commonly found in folds of
  skin, finger webs, wrists, elbows, thighs,
  beltline, abdomen, nipples or buttocks
• Keep patient home until under adequate treatment
  or not open lesions can be observed.
• In all cases, all family members and other close
  physical contacts should be treated for scabies
  simultaneously.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Streptococcal infections (including scarlet fever
  strep throat)
• Incubation period - 1-3 days
• Signs symptoms - Fever, sore throat, tender
  swollen glands with a fine, red rash present in
  Scarlet fever.
• Keep patient home for 7 days from onset if
  untreated with adequate medical treatment 24
  hours.
• Medication (antibiotics) for patients with
  symptoms is recommended because of possibility of
  complications, including rheumatic fever.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Attendance Policy
• For the safety of all children, centers need a
  policy stating when an ill child should be kept
  home.
• Temperature over 100F
• Intestinal upset along with diarrhea or vomiting
• Sore or discharging eyes
• Profuse nasal discharge
• Rash with a fever
• Instruct all parents to report all sickness to
  center personnel

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Administrating Medications
• To protect from lawsuits, most centers have
  policies for medications
• Your state may require that only
  doctor-prescribed medications be give to a child
  (this rule must be followed)
• Some states require that a record of the childs
  name, time, date, and amount of medication is
  given MUST be recorded.
• Medications must be properly stored
• ex. In the refrigerator or at room temperature in
  a locked cabinet.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Napping
• Children should not share cots (or beds), mats,
  blankets, or pillows.
• Each child should be provided with a washable cot
  (or bed), mat and clean sheets and pillows.
• Sheet, pillows, and mats should be washed weekly.
• Should be washed more frequently if a child is
  ill, sweats heavily, or has soiled the sheets.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Daily Health Inspections
• Observe children daily for the following
  ailments
• rashes, sores, swelling or bruising, changes in
  appearance of eyes, runny noses, flushing of
  skin, coughing, sneezing and a sweaty appearance.
• Irritability, frequent trips to the restroom,
  sleepiness, vomiting, and uncommon
  aggressiveness.
• Preschool children are prone to communicable
  diseases like chicken pox, conjunctivitis,
  influenza, and measles.
• If a child appears ill, contact the parents using
  the information provided by the parents defined
  as emergency contacts.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Personal Hygiene
• When cleanliness is stressed, fewer children and
  staff become ill.
• Staff and children should bathe or shower daily.
• A hairnet should be worn while working in a
  kitchen.
• Refrain from smoking in the center.
• Use disposable tissues.
• Cover the mouth when coughing.
• Emphasize to staff and children the importance of
  hand washing.
• Wash hands as many times as possible throughout
  the day.
• Studies show that many illnesses are greatly
  reduced when proper hand washing policies are
  followed.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Food-borne illnesses
• Illnesses caused by foods that are not properly
  stored or prepared in a clean or safe manner.
• Small living organisms can cause food-borne
  illnesses
• (E-coli, salmonella, listeria, staph,
  toxoplasmosis are examples of organisms that can
  cause food-borne illnesses.)
• Common symptoms include vomiting and diarrhea
  associated with chills, cramps, fever, headache,
  muscular pain, nausea, and weakness.
• Young children, the elderly, pregnant women and
  people with weakened immune systems are more
  susceptible to a severe reaction to the small
  living organisms that cause food-borne illnesses
  than healthy people.
• Food needs to be properly handled, prepared,
  stored, and served to prevent growth of small
  living organisms.
• Food should be kept at temperatures below 40F or
  above 140 F

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Guiding Childrens Health

• First Aid
• With proper first aid training, teachers and
  teaching assistants will know how and when to
  treat illnesses and injuries and when to call for
  professional help.
• All employees of a child care center should be
  certified by American Red Cross.
• First aid supplies
• Having a well stocked first aid kit with
  up-to-date supplies is essential.
• Keep all first aid supplies in locked cabinets
  that only staff have access to.
• Take first-aid kits on all fieldtrips
• Special training is necessary for students with
  special health needs. Ex. allergies or diabetes

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Wounds and Their Treatment
• A wound is damage to the surface of the skin or
  body tissue.
• closed wound - an injury to the tissue directly
  under the skin surface (bruise)
• the result of falling, being struck, or running
  into something.
• first aid for a closed wound is an ice pack.
• open wound - an injury where the skin is broken
• maybe rapid blood loss - seek medical attention
  is bleeding cant be stopped within 5 minutes
• injury may become contaminated and infected -
  clean minor scrapes with soap and water however,
  deep injuries may require professional medical
  attention.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Types of open wounds -
• Abrasions
• a scrape that damages a portion of the skin
• bleeding is usually just local.
• just cleaning the skin is usually all that is
  needed
• Cuts
• usually caused by broken glass, metal, or sharp
  edges.
• Bleeding can be heavy - depending on what was cut
  under the skin
• professional medical attention may be needed
• Puncture wounds
• made by sharp objects like nails, splinters,
  thumbtacks, or even sticks
• bleeding is usually light, resulting infection
  setting in
• a tetanus shot may be needed to prevent tetanus
  organisms from growing in and around the wound

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Bites
• A human bite may only need to be cleaned, however
  if the skin is broken, seek professional medical
  attention.
• An animal bite usually needs professional medical
  attention because of the possibility of rabies.
• Rabies is a disease caused by a viral infection
  of the nervous system and brain. Humans who
  contract the disease are not able to swallow as a
  result of tightening of throat muscles.
• Rabies is transmitted through the saliva of a
  rabid animal.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Burns and Their Treatment
• A burn is an injury caused by heat, radiation or
  chemical agents.
• Caused by hot liquids, cooking or electrical
  equipment, open fires, matches, strong
  detergents, acids or overexposure to the sun.
• Three degrees first-degree, second-degree,
  third-degree
• First-degree are burns to the top layer of the
  skin. It is the least severe of all burns.
• Results in redness or mild discoloration to the
  skin, pain and mild swelling

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Second-degree burns are burns that cause damage
  to the underlying layers of the skin.
• Very painful skin develops blisters, swelling
  and may become discolored.
• Because of the severity, must get medical
  treatment.
• Dont break the blisters.
• If infection develops, can quickly become a third
  degree burn
• Third-degree burns destroy the skin layer and
  nerve endings.
• Caused by open flames, burning clothing,
  immersion in hot water, contact with hot objects,
  and contact with live wires.
• An ambulance should be called immediate medical
  attention is required.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Sunburn
• 1st or 2nd degree burns can result from the sun
• Protect from the sun by applying sunscreen with a
  sun protection factor (SPF) of at least 15.
• Avoid being in the sun from 1000 AM - 300 PM
• Splinters
• Remove splinter with tweezers at the same angle
  it entered the skin.
• If the splinter cant be removed with tweezers,
  seek medical attention.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Insect Stings -
• wasps, bees, hornets, yellow jackets, and fire
  ants all sting.
• For kids who are allergic to any of these insect
  stings, a sting can be fatal.
• Most deaths from stings occur within 2 hours of
  the sting.
• An extreme allergic reaction to a sting is
  anaphylactic shock.
• Weakness, collapse, problems breathing, a drop in
  blood pressure, and severe itching abdominal
  cramping and vomiting may also occur.
• An epi-pin is needed for anyone who has had a
  severe reaction to insect stings (or to any other
  allergen)

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Choking
• Young children, especially those under 4, often
  put small objects and too much food in their
  mouths.
• Choking can occur
• The best way for a child to get rid of the
  blockage is to cough it up.
• If a child is crying, coughing, or talking, the
  blockage is probably cleared.
• However, if the child cant get the blockage out
  himself, seek medical attention and begin the
  Heimlich maneuver (only if you are trained
  properly)

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Dental emergencies
• Cut or bit tongues, lips or cheeks, knocked out
  or broken permanent teeth
• If tooth, or part of the tooth, is knocked out,
  try to retrieve tooth and bring the whole thing
  to the emergency room.
• Rinse the mouth - if possible
• Apply a cold compress - if possible
• Hold gauze to the affected area - if possible
• If cut or injury is severe, seek medical
  attention immediately.
• Either the childs dentist or an emergency room

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Caring for Children Who Become Sick
• Remove the child from the larger population
• Call parents
• Keep track of how many times a child vomits, etc.
• Before the child can return to class, the child
  must be symptom free for 24 hours.
• Temperature emergency
• regular body temperature can range from 97F -
  just under 100F
• Call parent if child has a fever.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Head Lice
• Small insects that live on peoples hair and
  scalp.
• Have no wings, dont fly, 1/10 - 1/8 long
• Have 6 pair of hooks in their mouths.
• With these hooks they attach themselves to the
  hair shaft
• Produce small round eggs nits - look like a
  grain of sand
• Signs -
• constant itch of scalp, especially behind the ear
  and at the base of the scalp
• small, silvery eggs attached to individual hairs
• in severe cases, swollen lymph glands may appear
  in the neck or under the arm.
• Can spread from one person to another thru direct
  contact
• combs, brushes, hats, and bedding are key
  sources.
• Best way to get rid of lice is to use a
  prescribed shampoo

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Special Health Concerns
• Allergies
• An allergy is a reaction of the body to a
  substance in the environment
• Allergies develop when a child is repeatedly
  exposed to a substance in his or her environment.
• Common allergy reactions sneezing, runny nose,
  coughing, itchy eyes, skin rashes, hives,
  diarrhea, or vomiting
• Common allergens dust, pollen, animal fur,
  lotions, soaps, or other items that come in
  contact with the skin
• Treatments Keep away from allergen or take
  medications to alleviate symptoms.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Diabetes -
• A disease in which the body cant properly
  control the level of sugar in the blood.
• Children with diabetes cant produce enough
  insulin.
• Insulin is a hormone that is needed to keep sugar
  in the blood at proper levels.
• Children with diabetes must have insulin
  injections
• MUST also balance food intake and exercise.
• If food and exercise are not in balance, an
  insulin reaction may occur
• hunger, irritability, headaches, confusion,
  fatigue, crying, sweating, and drowsiness
• medical attention is needed if an insulin
  reaction occurs
• Space meals and snack throughout the day to
  maintain glucose levels in the blood.

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Guiding Childrens Health

• Epilepsy
• A condition where a person has periodic seizures.
• grand mal convulsions or jerking of entire body
• petit mal milder a few muscles twitch, may
  become confused with surroundings
• Medications are given to prevent seizures.
• Keep a record of children who have seizures and
  the frequency of the seizures.
• Notify parents ASAP

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Guiding Childrens Health

• HIV infection
• HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) breaks down
  bodys immune system, eventually causing AIDS
  (acquired immune deficiency syndrome).
• Most HIV-infected children acquired the virus
  from their mothers during pregnancy and/or while
  being breast fed.
• Incubation period for HIV-infected children is
  within two years.
• HIV-infected children are at greater risk from
  common childhood infections.
• All staff are to use all appropriate precautions
  when handling body fluids, diapers, or soiled
  clothing/bedding of children with HIV/AIDS.
• Ex. disposable gloves, towels, and diapers spray
  disinfectant wash hands thoroughly.

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HPV Human Papillomavirus Vaccine

• What is HPV?
• Genital Human Papillomavirus is the most common
  sexually transmitted virus in the U.S.
• There are about 40 types of HPV. There is no
  treatment for HPV, but the conditions it causes
  can be treated.
• About 20 million people in the US are infected
  and about 6.2 million more get infected each
  year. HPV is spread through sexual contact. More
  than 50 of sexually active men women will be
  infected with HPV at some point in their life.
• Most HPV infections dont cause any symptoms, and
  go away on their own, BUT it can cause cervical
  cancer in women. Every year in the US about
  10,000 women get cervical cancer and 3,700 die
  from it. Its the 2nd leading cause of cancer
  deaths among women around the world.
• HPV is associated with several less common types
  of cancer in both men and women. It can cause
  genital warts and warts in the upper respiratory
  tract.

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HPV Vaccine Why get vaccinated?

• The HPV vaccine protects against 4 major types of
  HPV
• 2 types that cause about 70 of cervical cancer
• 2 types that cause about 90 of genital warts
• HPV vaccine can prevent most genital warts and
  most cases of cervical cancer
• The protection from the vaccine is expected to be
  life-long, but women still need cervical cancer
  screening (PAP test) because the vaccine doesnt
  protect against all HPV types that cause cervical
  cancer

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HPV Vaccine Who should get the vaccine and when?

• HPV vaccine is routinely recommended for girls
  11-12 years of age. However girls as young as 9
  are being vaccinated.
• Its important for girls to get the HPV vaccine
  BEFORE their first sexual contact.
• For these girls, the vaccine can prevent almost
  100 of disease caused by the 4 types of HPV
  targeted by the vaccine.
• The vaccine is also recommended for girls 13-26
  years of age, who did not receive it earlier, who
  have not had their first sexual experience and
  who are not infected with any types of HPV.
• Its given in a 3-dose series
• 1st dose Now
• 2nd dose 2 month after 1st dose
• 3rd dose 6 months after 1st dose