GENTNER a miniaturised LIBSRaman instrument for the comprehensive insitu analysis of the Martian sur

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• GENTNER a miniaturised LIBS/Raman instrument
  for the comprehensive in-situ analysis of the
  Martian surface
• A. Del Bianco, I. Rauschenbach, V. Lazic, E.K.
  Jessbergerand the GENTNER Team

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EXOMARS search of life on Mars

• Flagship mission of European exploration of Mars
• Lander with analytical payload (PASTEUR)
• Search for direct evidence of life
• Organic matter
• Biomineralisation
• Identification of chemical trends and mineral
  phases
• Carbonates, Magnetite as indicators of biological
  activity

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Present situation

• Alpha particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS)
• Mössbauer spectrometer
• Adapted to space
• Clear physical interpretation
• BUT...
• 4 8 hours/spectrum
• 4 cm diameter analytical area

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High resolution is needed!
J. M. GARCÍA RUIZ et al. Morphology An
Ambiguous Indicator of Biogenicity, Astrobiology,
2(3), 353-369 (2002)
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GENTNER

• Integrated Raman/Laser-Induced Breakdown
  Spectrometer for submillimiter-scale measurements
• Named by Wolfgang Gentner (1906 1980)
• Father of nuclear methods application in
  planetary science
• Raman Shift of a laser beam central frequency of
  the amount related to the energy of molecular
  vibrations ? molecular analysis
• LIBS Emission of atomic lines by the plasma
  generated by a laser shot during photoablation ?
  elemental analysis

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Why GENTNER

• Fast in-situ determination of elemental
  concentration (100ppm) with high spatial
  resolution (100µm)
• No sample preparation needed
• No interferences from dust layers
• Elemental depth profiling
• Mineral composition
• Analysis of organics
• Can be coupled with other techniques (chemical
  microchips, chromatography...)

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Specific applications of GENTNER
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Andesite LIBS spectrum
Martian conditions 6 mbar CO2
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Andesite LIBS spectrum contd
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Raman spectra ALH84001
Source E. Castellucci, M. Becucci, R. Bini, L.
Ancillotti (LENS)
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Raman spectra ALH84001
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Heritage
First PASTEUR industrial study Integrated
MIcroscope RAman spectrometer (MIRA)
Laser Plasma Spectrometry for Planetary
Exploration (LPSPE)
LIPS/Raman for In-Situ Science (LIRAMIS)
GENTNER
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Concept
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Sources
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Spectrometer
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Sensor head
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Budgets
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The GENTNER Team
E.K.Jessberger, I. Mann, D. Rost, T. Stephan, I.
Weber (U. Münster, D) E. Castellucci, M. Becucci,
R. Bini (LENS, I) R. Abart (U. Basel, CH) H.
Henkel (von Hoerner Sulger GmbH, D), R.
Bertrand (vHS presently ESA) J. Brückner (Max
Plank Institute, D) E. Colao, V. Lazic, R.
Fantoni (ENEA, I) A. Del Bianco (IPAC Improve
Process Analysis and Control GmbH, A) H.G.M.
Edwards (U. Bradford, UK) R. Kaindl (U. Graz) G.
Klingelhöfer (U. Mainz) G. Kurat
(Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, A) H. Lammer, C.
Kolb (Austrian Academy of Sciences, A) U.J.
Meierhenrich (U. Bremen) J. Popp (U. Jena) K.
Schneider (Star Optron GmbH, D) H. Stan-Lotter
(U. Salzburg, A) F. Westhall, P. Gille, R. Thomas
(CNRS, F)