Hand in W.S. How can a mutation in DNA affect an organism before the bell rings

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Class Topics
Title Biology 4/10/07
Objectives

• To review how proteins are formed and learn about
  the central dogma of biology.

• Hand in W.S. How can a mutation in DNA affect an
  organism before the bell rings
• Review Chapter 10 Quiz 1
• Review Regulating Gene Production
• Notes - Mutations
• Editing RNA
• Lab - Making Sense of Introns and Exons
• Prepare for Chapter 10 Test
• "I made it hard and difficult for kids because
  they don't get anything out of it if it's easy."
• Bob Knight

Saturday, September 01, 2018 1028 AM
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Class Assignments
By When
What

• Read 215-220 4/10/07
• W.S. How can a mutation in DNA 4/10/07
• Making sense of introns and exons 4/10/07
• Chapter 10 Test 4/12/07
• Due this class period
• Due next class period
• Due in the future

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Grade Sheet
2A p. 157 (5 pts.)
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From http//www.accessexcellence.org/AB/GG/induc
tion.html
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From http//www.accessexcellence.org/AB/GG/rna_s
ynth.html
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Mutations

• Gene alterations
• Involve the inclusion of a wrong amino acid
• Point mutation
• 1. Changing one nucleotide
• Sickle cell anemia
• Silent mutation (no change in amino acid)
• 2. Deletion
• Loss of a nucleotide or segment of DNA
• Frameshift mutation

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Barbara McClintock
From http//waynesword.palomar.edu/transpos.htm

• Insertion
• A length of DNA is inserted into a gene
• Transposon
• Jumping genes like cut and paste on computer
• Genes that can move from one location on a
  chromosome to another
• It can inactivate a gene or cause mutations
• Transposons are in all organisms
• Brings together different combinations of genes
• Evolutionarily important

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Intron and Exon Lab

• Working in pairs
• The older of the pair will do all evens and the
  younger will do all odds.
• Hand in one sheet per group
• Hand in the polypeptide phrase when complete and
  lab sheet
• Return to your seat and prepare for exam next
  class period

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Test Review

• RNA vs DNA
• Genetic code
• Universal
• Codon
• Types of RNA
• mRNA
• nRNA
• tRNA
• rRNA

• Transcription
• Translation
• Gene Editing
• Introns
• Exons
• Gene expression
• lac operon
• Mutation
• Point
• frameshift

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Chapter 11Genetic Engineering

• Genetic engineering
• Manipulating genes for practical purposes
• Recombinant DNA
• DNA from two or more organisms
• History
• First used in 1973
• Common today
• Insulin, agriculture products?????

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Steps in Genetic Engineering

• 1. Cutting DNA
• Use restriction enzymes to cut gene and vector
• Recognize specific sequences of DNA
• Vector is something to move gene into cell
• Usually virus, yeast, or plasmid (circular DNA in
  bacteria independent of main chromosome)
• Leaves sticky ends