The use of biomethane as a fuel by the urban bus fleet in Lille France

1
The use of biomethane as a fuel by the urban bus
fleet in Lille (France)

• Dr. MESTREL Consultancy Associates (Paris,
  Zurich, Stockholm)
• Safe Sustainable Urban transportation systems
  expertise

2
The biogas

• Biogas it is produced by fermentation safe from
  the air. the gas contains approximately 60
  methane
• Agricultural biogas resulting from the liquid
  manures, the manures, it makes it possible to
  purify the effluents but does not reduce the
  nitrogen availability
• Industrial biogas process of self-production of
  energy which purifies organically charged
  effluents
• Domestic biogas resulting from the landfills,
  the fermentation of used water, the fermentation
  of the organic part of the household refuse

3
CNG biogas buses

• 2000 buses in France
• 200 refueling stations
• 20 years experience
• 1990 technical research
• 1995 standardization
• 2000 full depots
• 2005 total fleets
• 2008 renewable energy

4
Specifications and development
National Autorities EU Normes
Integration
Infrastructure Constructor
Operator Equipments vehicles lines Dr.
MESTREL professional advice
5
1916-1990-1995-2000 bus generations
6
Gaseous fuel technical phases

• 1916 Omnibus 150 bars urban gas in Paris
• 1930 Hydrogen airships
• 1950 Natural gas vehicles in southwest
• 1975 LNG bus in Paris
• 1985 RD methane Hyd motorization
• 1990 Biogas bus at Lille
• 1995 Renault hydrogen prototype
• 2000 NGV buses in competition with Diesel
• 2005 Hythane at Dunkerque and Toulouse
• 2008 Sequedin150 biomethane buses in operation

7
Marquette biogas bus prototype
8
The biogas operated bus project A pilot
experimentation in Europe

• Project kick-off in 1991
• The first gas operated bus was put into
  circulation in March 1994
• Pilot skid with water treatment unit for biogas
  has been operational since April 1995 from waste
  water treatment

9
First biogas bus in Lille
10
The 10 years prototype biogastreatment and
compression unit
11
The skills required to develop the biogas project

• Reliability of gas buses gt 95
• Cost per kilometer equal to or less than that
  for diesel buses
• Suppress the environmental air particular
  pollution
• Reduce the carbon dioxide emissions by use of
  renewable energy
• Halve the motorization noise impact

12
Clean transportation systems Renewable energy
busses

• 300 biogas buses on a total fleet of 350
• New buses corresponding to EEV Label
• Metro Tramway Biogas Buses 90 of public
  transportation made with clean vehicles

13
A 2000 m³/h station at Villeneuve d Ascq bus
depot since 2000
14
Villeneuve dAscq 120 buses
15
Sequedin waste biogas plant and bus depot build
in the same time

• A new bus depot for 150 biogas buses
• Production of biogas from a new organic waste
  center for a 1 million people area
• A new biogas / natural gas compression unit

16
Sequedin bus depot overview
Waste Organic Recovery Centre

17
Waste organic recovery center near
bus depot site
18
Sequedin a new depot for 150 biogas buses
Opened in January 2006
19
Two gas sources (NG biogas) for 4500 m³/h
fuel station
20
Waste organic recovery centre Biogas in operation
in the beginning of 2008
21
Delivery of biomass
Green waste from gardens etc.
Intake of biomass
Intake of oil and grease
Transit of refuse to be incinerated
22
Pre-treatment of the biomass
Pre-composting of biomass
Biomass feeding to a digester
Mixing devices motors
Mixing device in a digester
23
Digestion and composting
Intake of the thermophylic digesters
Composting tunnel
Inside a composting tunnel
Compost finishing
24
Compost conditioning
Grinding and sifting of the compost
Compost turn-over device
Final storage of the compost
Waterway compost transportation
25
Upgrading biogas to biomethane
Transferring biogas to be upgraded
Compressor and washing column
Drying column
Washing and stripping columns
26
Biogas upgrade
Recycling motor
Detail of the skid
Final compressor
Compressor lubricator
27
Biomethane storage
Biomethane odorization
Biomethane volume metering
One of both final storage tanks
Final biomethane storage tanks
28
Waste treatment
Filtering the nitrate charged air
Burning the low quality biogas
Transport of the refuse to be incinerated
Transit of the waste collection trucks
29
The biogas buses project size

• 100 clean public transportation
• 3 4 bus depots dedicated to biogas buses
• 400 gas/biogas buses
• Mass production of biogas coming from organic
  waste and waste water sludge

30
Biomethane quality requirements

• Calorific value 10 - 11 kWh/m³
• Methane content 93 to 97
• Dewatering point - 20 C at 200 bar
• Sulphur content lt 7 mg/Nm³
• No acid gases
• No heavy metals particles

31
Wattrelos new depot in 2008 for 150 biogas
busses
Building start in June 2006. Opening in
June
32
Wattrelos biogas bus depot overview
33
Wattrelos biogas bus depot
Biomethane compression station
Waste water sludge biogas production

Workshop buildings
First refuelling test in February
34
Feasibility study for biogas conversion up to
90 of the organic WWTP sludge
The raw biogas production
How to convert in biogas 75 to 90 ?
The ultrasonic pretreatment
The high pressure pre-treatment
35
We thank you for your attention
Contact us Paris marc.mestrel_at_wanadoo.fr Zürich
jphofer_at_stephenson.dhis.org Stockholm
aros.ingenjorsbyra_at_comhem.se