CIS 105 Survey of Computer Information Systems

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CIS 105 Survey of Computer Information Systems

• Essential Concepts and Terminology
• Study Unit 9

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Telecommunications.

• The process of sending information of any kind
  over telephone lines.

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Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN).

• The technology enabling direct and almost
  instantaneous connections between any of nearly
  one-half billion telephones world-wide.

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Local Exchange Carriers (LEC).

• Telephone services which provide direct, wired
  connections between subscribers without accessing
  long-distance carriers. Also known as local
  access and transport areas (LATA).

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Analog Telephone.

• A device that transmits a continuously varying
  signal matching the acoustics of the human voice.

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Subscriber Loop Carrier (SLC).

• A telephone system installation that connects as
  many as 96 subscribers (a local loop) to a local
  exchange. The SLC may transform local analog
  signals to digital signals before transmission to
  the local exchange.

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Interexchange Carrier (IXC).

• A long-distance telephone company.

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Bandwidth.

• The data transmission capacity of a
  communications channel. The bandwidth of a
  digital signal is measured in bits per second
  (bps) of an analog signal in Hertz.

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T1 Carrier.

• Specially conditioned copper wires capable of
  transmitting 24 voice calls or 1.544 Mbps of data
  simultaneously.

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Fiber-Optic Cable.

• A bundle of thin strands of glass used to
  transmit data by means of pulses of light.

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T3 Carrier.

• A fiber-optic cable capable of transmitting 672
  voice calls or 43 Mbps of data simultaneously.

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Microwaves.

• An electromagnetic wave with a frequency of at
  least 1 gigahertz. High-frequency radio waves
  requiring line-of-sight transmission.

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Wireless Networks.

• Networks that use radio or infrared signals
  (instead of cables) to transmit data from one
  network device to another.

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Cell Sites.

• A network of automatic repeating transmitters
  which broadcast a signal throughout a limited
  geographic are (a cell).

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Mobile Telephone Switching Office (MTSO).

• The technology connecting cell sites and
  connected to the standard PSTN telephone system.

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Modem.

• A device that transforms digital signals into
  analog form and vice-versa. Modems send and
  receive data to and from computers over telephone
  lines.

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Modulation.

• The process of changing the characteristics of a
  signal (for example, when a modem changes a
  digital pulse into an analog signal).

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Modulation Protocols.

• Rules set by international standards
  organizations to ensure that modem made by
  different manufacturers can communicate correctly.

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Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN).

• A telephone company service that transports data
  digitally over dial-up or dedicated lines.

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Basic Rate ISDN (BRI).

• Service offering one or two 64 Kbps channels.
  Two channel ISDN allows a 128 Mbps data transfer
  rate, and one channel of data transfer during
  voice calls.

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Primary Rate ISDN (PRI).

• Service with 23 channels at 64 Kbps each and one
  signaliong channel, requiring a T1 carrier (1.544
  Mbps).

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ISDN Adapter.

• The digital connection between a computer and an
  ISDN line, also called a digital modem (a
  misnomer).

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Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL).

• A type of DSL service for Internet access that
  enables download speeds of up to 1.5 Mbps.

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Coaxial Cable.

• A type of high-bandwidth connecting cable with an
  insulated center wire surrounded by a grounded
  shield of braided wire.

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Cable Modem.

• A communications device that delivers 0.5 to 1.0
  Mbps or more of data, used to connect a computer
  to the cable TV infrastructure.

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Digitization.

• The transformation of media into digital data.

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Broadband.

• A term used to refer to communication channels
  that provide high bandwidth using multiplexing.

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End of Study Unit 9.

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Created by James Q. Jacobs