Title: LifeNet Project: A Vital Signs Monitoring Sensory Net with Telemetry Capabilities Preliminary Presen
1LifeNet Project A Vital Signs Monitoring Sensory
Net with Telemetry Capabilities Preliminary
Presentation
- Group Members Alex Li
- Michael Riley Smith
- Richard Zernikow
-
- Mentor Dr. Dennis L. Barbour
-
- Date 10/04/06
2Triage - the sorting of and allocation of
treatment to patients and battle or disaster
victims according to a system of priorities
designed to maximize the number of survivors.
- On-site triage performed by first responders at
the site of a mass casualty incident. - Victims sorted according to severity of incurred
injuries into the following groups - Red Immediate or critical
- (seriously injured, but have a reasonable
chance of survival) - Yellow Delayed
- (can wait for care after simple first aid
that is, wounds dressed , splints applied) - Green Minimal or walking wounded
- (no impaired function, can self-treat or be
cared for by a nonprofessional) - Black Death expectant or non-salvageable
injuries (VHA, 5).
3Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment System - START
Subsystem within the traditional, four-tiered
triage method
- START system widely used by first responders and
paramedics due to its simplicity of application. - Initial sorting of patients into minimal
(green) and other categories - Minimally injured (green) moved to separate area
- Remaining patients (designated other) evaluated
according to three primary areas of focus - Respiratory status
- Perfusion and pulse
- Neurological status (VHA, 6).
- Any project attempting to assist a paramedic or
EMT in trauma cases should incorporate above
mentioned criteria.
4NEED the GOLDEN HOUR
- Treating patient in hospital setting within the
first hour after trauma shown to significantly
increase the chance of survival. - This first hour after trauma referred to as
Golden Hour - 10,389 soldiers suffered battle injuries in Iraq
and Afghanistan Wars through mid-November of 2004 - Only 1,004 soldiers actually died
- Lethality rate of approximately 10
- Compare with other lethality rates
- World War II (30)
- Korean War (25)
- Vietnam and Persian Gulf Wars (both at 24)
- Common consensus - Improvements in the evacuation
of injured to ensure stabilization within the
golden hour played major role in the decline of
lethality rates (Hundley).
5NEED CIVILIAN TRAUMA STATISTICS
- Percent injured who die at scene
- Urban 40
- Rural 72 (rural injuries longer response time)
- Percent who die in hospital during first 24
hours - Urban 40 (urban injuries more serious)
- Rural 16 (Rogers, 376)
- Traffic accidents
- the leading cause of death through unintentional
injuries in U.S. (NSC) - 43,800 people killed in 2003 auto accidents
- 2,366,030 people injured in 2003 auto accidents
(NSC) - Worldwide, trauma from road traffic injuries
ranks 10th among leading causes of death. - In 2000, 20.3 of deaths world wide due to road
traffic injury (WHO).
6Relevance Trauma is one of leading causes of
death world wide for both civilians and military.
Practice of triage is meant to counter trauma
effects by maximizing patient survival.
- Inherent problem with triage - assessments and
categorizations made quickly while continuing to
monitor other patients not requiring immediate
life saving medical attention. - Necessary to obtain information on patient vital
signs to best stabilize those patients or
casualties awaiting treatment. - Lesser injuries or perceived lesser injuries
could progress to life threatening medical
conditions quickly. - Solution - On-site triage made more efficient if
vital signs of patient were continuously
monitored so adjustments could made to stabilize
patients condition. - Proposed project will increase efficiency of
triage helping save more lives in the process.
7LifeNet system - to address the problems of
triage categorization and patient stabilization
in emergency and/or battle situations.
- Easily deployable sensory net built into an
emergency blanket to monitor vital signs - Vital signs that will be monitored are
- Heart Rate
- Respiration Rate
- Blood Oxygen Concentration spO2
- Body Temperature
- Blood Pressure
- Vital sign data transmitted telemetrically to
both hand held and ambulance carried interfaces
for quick and efficient monitoring of patients
vital signals. - Device not used to intervene with automated
treatments and diagnoses - Device intended to help the paramedic to perform
duties more efficiently. - LifeNet internal computer processor will store
the patient physiologic data for later use by
hospital. - LifeNet will act as vital sign monitoring
interface so paramedic can easily monitor trauma
patients vital signs prior to and during
transport to a hospital.
8Patents Concerning Overall Function, Design and
Telemetric Capabilities of LifeNet
9Patents Concerning Signal Monitoring and
Telemetric Capabilities
- Patents relevant to functionality and design of
LifeNet - Self-Contained Transportable Life Support System
(5,795,081, 6,488,029, and 6,899,103) - Patient Transport and Treatment Apparatus
(5,749,374) - Transportable Life Support System (5,626,151)
- Each describes a device or system with function
very similar to the LifeNets - the continuous
monitoring of trauma patients vital signs. - These devices and systems differ from the LifeNet
- Endeavor to intervene on behalf of EMT or
paramedic through automated patient stabilization
treatments. - LifeNet only monitors trauma patients vital
signs, while other devices attempt to
automatically treat trauma patients. - Patents concerning telemetry broad enough that
relevance to LifeNet will not be known till the
design of LifeNet is more complete. - Universal/Upgradeable Pulse Oximeter
- Patient Monitoring System
10Of three companies developing similar devices-
one company has gone out of business- another
has yet to create a workable product.
- Only one company (Integrated Medical Systems) has
produced a working transportable, self-contained
life support system. - Device referred to as Life Support for Trauma and
Transport (LSTAT) - The current third generation model of the LSTAT
(Model 9602) has - Ventilator with on-board oxygen
- Fluid/Drug infusion
- Suction
- Defibrillator
- Blood chemistry analysis
- Patient physiological monitoring
- Data logging and communications connectivity
- Sophisticated power and system data management
11ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF LSTAT SYSTEM
- Advantages of LSTAT
- Incorporation of a multiple medical monitoring
and treatment systems - Litter can serve as surgical table if need be due
to multiple medical monitoring and treatment
systems - Disadvantages of LSTAT
- Dimensions and weight hinder practical use in
primary projected settings (crowded MCIs or
turbulent battlefield situations) - Dimensions and weight hinder practical deployment
and transport of system (may necessitate more
than two medics to lift and move)
Dimensions of LSTAT
http//www.lstat.com/lstat.html
12Preliminary Analysis and Design Specifications
- LifeNet system acts as emergency blanket with
vital signs monitoring system when deployed. - Blanket made of material currently used in
emergency blankets to maintain the patients core
body temperature. - Vital signs monitored will be
- Heart rate
- Respiration rate,
- Blood oxygen concentration spO2
- Body temperature
- Blood pressure.
- Sensors tasked with monitoring these vital signs
will be integrated into the LifeNet blanket
system and be connected through wiring to a
central processing unit. - Central processing unit processes physiologic
data at specified intervals, makes data available
to EMT or paramedic through telemetry, and
displays patients data. - Central processing unit will also
- Store the patients physiologic data.
- Inform paramedic when the patients vital signs
deviate from predetermined limits. - Will be able to deploy quickly and simply, easily
moved, and capable of being monitored by single
EMT or paramedic.
13Preliminary Analysis and Design Specifications
- Must accommodate emergency procedures that have
to be performed - LifeNet should offer the EMT or paramedic access
to the torso, arms, and legs of the patient
during vital signs monitoring. - LifeNet system will have to
- Function independently in regard to patient
monitoring - Exist within network of multiple deployed LifeNet
systems - Transmit information to central storage and
display unit.
Dimensions for LifeNet According to
Anthropometric Data for U.S. (1999-2002)
14Preliminary Power Consumption and Battery Life
Calculations
- By using specifications of processor chip that is
generic form of type of processor chip the
LifeNet will need, can compute an estimate for
power consumption of chip and necessary battery
life. - Use a Fixed-Point Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
(TMS320VC549) - Standby Power 16.5 mW
- Active Power 105.6 mW
- Standard AA Batteries
- 1.5 Volts, 2600 mAh, gives 3900 mWh
- A battery pack with 3 AA batteries that just
powers the (DSP) would operate for 4 days in
active mode and 29 days in standby mode. -
www.ti.com
15Preliminary Design Schedule
16Current Organization of Team
- Organization of the design team (Group 3) is as
follows - Alex Li
- Research and design of telemetric apparatus
necessary for the transmission of the patients
physiologic data research on central processing
unit for LifeNet system progress (second)
presentation. - Michael Riley Smith
- Research on physiologic monitoring devices,
materials, and triage methods external design of
LifeNet system preliminary (first) presentation. - Richard Zernikow
- Research on and design of circuitry and
electrical system of LifeNet research on central
processing unit for LifeNet system final
presentation.
17References
A Five-Year WHO Strategy for Road Traffic Injury
Prevention. World Heath Organization.
WHO/NMH/VIP/01.03, 2002. "Fixed-Point Digital
Signal Processor." 3 Oct. 2006 ltwww.ti.comgt.
Hundley, Tom. "Better Armor, Medical Care Help
More Soldiers Survive, But with Grievous Wounds."
Chicago Tribune (Chicago, Illinois) (Via
Knight-Ridder/Tribune Business News) 15 Dec.
2004. LSTAT. Integrate Medical Systems LSTAT.
30 Sept. 2006 lthttp//www.lstat.com/lstat.htmlgt.
Ortiz, Jose M., Cpt. "The Revolutionary Flying
Ambulance of Napoleon's Surgeon." U.S. Army
Medical Department Journal (1998) 17-25. 30
Sept. 2006 lthttp//napoleonic-literature.com/Flyin
g_Ambulance.htmgt. Pender, Geoff. "60 Minutes
the Golden Hour It's Taking Longer to Get
Trauma Patients in OR." The Sun Herald 24 Aug.
2006. Report on Injuries in America 2003.
National Safety Council. 2006. Rogers, F.B., et
al. "Trauma Deaths in a Mature Urban Vs Rural
Trauma System a Comparison." Archives of
Surgery 132 (1997) 376-382. VHA Decontamination
Training Program. Little Rock Employee Education
System, Department of Veterans Affairs, 2003. 4-9.
18Questions?