Introduction to Foreign Animal Disease FADs and Zoonosis Global Animal Diseases of Economic and Huma - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 56
About This Presentation
Title:

Introduction to Foreign Animal Disease FADs and Zoonosis Global Animal Diseases of Economic and Huma

Description:

The Sows have a high Fever and vomit. Food Supply Veterinary Services ... Wild, domestic, human, and avian animals live in close contact ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:91
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 57
Provided by: VDP37
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Introduction to Foreign Animal Disease FADs and Zoonosis Global Animal Diseases of Economic and Huma


1
Introduction to Foreign Animal Disease (FADs)
and ZoonosisGlobal Animal Diseases of Economic
and Human Health Importance Are a Constant Risk
to North America
  • R.B. Baker, DVM, MS
  • Senior Clinician ISU Swine Section
  • VDPAM 445

2
High Fever/Blue Ear Disease China December 2007
3
??
The Sows have a high Fever and vomit
4
??????many pigs of different ages died
???? Sows abort
5
Wheel Barrow of the Living Dead
6
???? High Mortality
Empty Pigpens
7
Foot and Mouth Disease Virus
  • It may be the most contagious viral disease of
    mammals
  • Small dose
  • Large amount excreted
  • Survives in a variety of conditions

8
Foot and Mouth Disease Virus
  • Incubation is 2 14 days
  • High morbidity low mortality
  • Many modes of transmission

9
Foot and Mouth Disease Virus
  • Seven Serotypes
  • A, O, C
  • Asia 1
  • South African Territories 1 (SAT-1)
  • SAT-2
  • SAT-3
  • Many sub-types have evolved

10
PCVAC NC 2005
11
FMD - Structure
12
FMD Methods of Spread
13
FMD
14
(No Transcript)
15
FMD UK Break
  • Started in Pigs but spread by Sheep Movement
  • A 7 day lag time first case identified
  • Spread over the Isles
  • Test and remove, circle testing, quarantine,
    other traditional methods
  • Some areas lost 90 of their domestic animals
  • Ignorance and complacency

16
Index Case - pig farm in SE GB
17
Trucking moved virus to Sheep herds back to
transport ? sheep ? other species Airborne routes
were also likely
18
Cumulative Animal Destruction
19
(No Transcript)
20
(No Transcript)
21
(No Transcript)
22
(No Transcript)
23
(No Transcript)
24
Vesicular lesions pain
25
(No Transcript)
26
(No Transcript)
27
Animal destruction as a means of control is
Ancient but often effective
28
FMD A preferred agent of Terrorists ?
  • Both Domestic and Foreign Groups
  • Easily Carried to the US
  • Not detectable by airport screening
  • Rapid spread to multiple sites could destroy
    animal agriculture in the US

29
Zoonosis
  • Diseases that spread from vertebrate animals to
    humans
  • Biologic and mechanical vectors
  • Direct exposure to animals
  • Fomites
  • 75 of human infectious disease
  • Exogenous Retroviruses

30
Zoonosis
  • Some of the primary sources
  • Exotic pets
  • Wet markets - Asia
  • Bush meat Africa and Asia
  • Encroachment into Re-forested lands
  • Encroachment deforestation etc.
  • Domestic pets
  • Domestic livestock
  • Wildlife contact

31
Fig. 1. Possible cross-species transmission
events giving rise to SIVcpz as a recombinant of
different monkey-derived SIVs
J. L. Heeney et al., Science 313, 462 -466
(2006)
Published by AAAS
32
Fig. 3. Phylogenetic analysis of SIVcpzPtt
strains from wild P. t. troglodytes apes
B. F. Keele et al., Science 313, 523 -526
(2006)
Published by AAAS
33
Malta Fever (Brucellosis)
  • Sir David Bruce 1887
  • B. melitensis
  • B. abortus
  • B. suis
  • B. canis
  • B. ovis, B. neotomae
  • B. cetaceae
  • B. pinnipediae
  • They are not sustainable in humans
  • Will always re-emerge from wild reservoirs

34
Hepititis E Virus
  • Calicivirus single strand - RNA (ps)
  • Developing Countries
  • Present in Pork liver Recent survey
  • Normal route of infection is fecal-oral
  • Pregnant women have high case mortality rates
    (25)

35
(No Transcript)
36
(No Transcript)
37
Other North American Zoonosis
  • Salmonelloses Pygmy hedgehogs, iguanas, komodo
    dragons, turtles,
  • Borrelia burgdorferi - Lyme Disease
  • Bovine tuberculosis captive deer
  • Rabies
  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
    pigs, cats, dogs?
  • Petting zoos O157H7, Salmonella,

38
(No Transcript)
39
Zoonosis and SE Asia
40
Q-Fever (Coxiella burnetti)
http//www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/qfever.htm
41
Zoonosis and SE Asia
  • South East Asia is a melting pot of viral
    diseases
  • Different levels of personal hygiene
  • Different levels of exposure
  • Wild, domestic, human, and avian animals live in
    close contact
  • Often Little separation no biosecurity

42
Zoonosis and the World
  • Issues
  • We have become a global society
  • Animal trade legal and illegal
  • Time lag between first case and a functional
    response
  • Animal sources and human exposure?
  • Little livestock biosecurity in most of the world

43
Paramyxoviridae and the Fruit Bat Connection
44
Zoonosis and SE Asia
45
HenipavirusNipah Hendra
  • Closely related viruses found in Flying Foxes
    (Fruit Bats)
  • Recent out breaks have been in horses, pigs, and
    humans
  • Australia, Malaysia, Bangladesh, Singapore, and
    other parts of SE Asia
  • Viruses cause Encephalitis in Humans
  • 1994 2006 sporadic outbreaks

46
Zoogeographical Range of Flying Foxes
47
Nipah Virus
48
Nipah virus spread
49
Nipah 1.1 million pigs141 Humans
50
Nipah Outbreak
51
Zoonosis and SE Asia
52
Other Zoonosis of SE Asia
  • Lyssavirus Rabies like virus of bats
  • Menangle Bat to pig in Australia
  • Tioman Isolated from flying foxes
  • Ross River virus biting vectors
  • Barmah Forest virus mosquito
  • SARS Virus direct contact Civets or Horseshoe
    bats?

53
Other Zoonosis of SE Asia
  • Chikungunya virus alphavirus mosquito
  • Japanese Encephalitis - mosquito
  • Dengue Fever Virus mosquito
  • HIV
  • Hand foot and Mouth Disease of humans
    enterovirus (coxsackievirus)

54
Zoonosis and SE Asia
55
Zoonosis of SE Asia
56
Thanks
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com