A Study on Considering the Effective Strategy of International Aid for the Rehabilitation and Recons

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A Study on Considering the Effective Strategy
of International Aid for the Rehabilitation and
Reconstruction Through the Tsunami Disaster in
Banda Aceh City

• Keio University, Hideki Kaji Laboratory
• Urban and Regional Planning
• Master student Yuumi Ushiro

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Introduction of this study

• This study aims to examine the process of the
  international aid from Japan and other
  contributing countries to recover the devastated
  areas in Banda Aceh City from the massive Tsunami
  disaster happened in 26th of August, 2004.
• Through the examination, this study will seek
  the problems and figure the better way of the
  international aid for improving the current
  development and the future disaster.

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The background of the study? -
The Tusnami Disaster in Banda Aceh City-

• About the Tsunami Disaster
• -Ocean-trench earthquake
• -Measured 9.0 on the Richter
• scale
• -Attacked 9 countries
• in Indian Ocean
• -About 310,000 deaths for total

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• In Banda Aceh City
• -Caused 70,000 deaths
• out of 240,000 people
• -10m high of Tsunami
• -Houses /buildings or
• other lifeline within 2km
• from the coast were
• all washed away

Tsunami
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The background of this study?
-Recent aspect of the recovery-

• The lateness and stalemate of the process
• - More than 100 thousand victims still lives in
  provisional housings.
• - The low settlement of the land ownership
• - The conflicts between the GAM and Army
• - 7.500 million US was donated in the global
  society without deciding the details of the money
  use.

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Literature Review

• A critical review on supplying the international
  aid in emergency for the development countries .
• The great chance for a public relations activity
• The Aid Competition throws out
• Short term view
• Not enough decision of the details

Emergency aid has the risk of being eroded
easily
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The research method

• To reach the aim, this study will use a case
  study which is evaluating the process of the
  recovery in Banda Aceh City, and seek the
  problems and figure the better way of the
  international aid.
• Two kinds of Method
• A survey on contributing association/agency
• Analysis the recovery to divide 3 stages.

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1st Stage The Emergency Response

• The global society sent the supply for Banda Aceh
  without knowing the local obstacle
• The conflict of GAM (Free Aceh movement)
• The small capacity of the lifeline (airport,
  street)
• The well examined of sending the aid is
  necessary for contributing country.

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1st Stage The Emergency Response

• Less experience and knowledge of disaster
  management. The Indonesian government
  requested Japan to make the Master Plan
• -Master Plan
• The land use, spatial plan
• -BAPPENAS
• The development planning agency
• -BAPPEDA
• The Regional government

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2nd Stage The Aid competition is throw out

• More association/agency is involving
• Indonesian government established the direct
  control agency called BRR to mediate the
  contributors and managing the recovery.
• BRR- The Aceh and Nias Rehabilitation and
  Reconstruction Agency
• To decide the procedure of the recovery
• -Master plan (spatial level plan)
• -Village plan (community level plan)

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The chart of Relationship in 2nd stage
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3rd Stage The reconstruction Response

• To reconstruct the cities and communities, it is
  necessary to let victims join to the recovery
  project.
• - To seek the victims need for the
  reconstruction
• - To focus the feather of the community
  (industry, climate, religion etc.)
• - To make the employment from the victims
• - To give women a chance to join the society

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Example 1
The victims get paid by joining the recovery
project
Building the provisional housings by women
/
Getting the recourses for constructing by men
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Example2 Measuring the Land Use -The
project by USAID and BRR-
Gather the victims in the Mosque
Trains the victims
Measuring the land
Completed map of village plan
Discussions of the land use
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The final promissory map of the land use with
signatures of the victims (Community recovery by
participatory project.)
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Finding Problems

• Seek the 6 problems by examining the processes
  of the international aid in BandaAceh City.
• Find the 2 strategies to make the international
  aid more efficient and effective.

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Conclusion

• The importance of considering the 2 level of aid
  for recovery.

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Examples of the recovery projects using these
conclusion in another area.

• The Community-based projects using the way of the
  participatory development by collaboration of
  local NGO and foreign government (JICA, IOM,
  USAID) in Yogyakarta, September, 2006.
• ?Medical service projects
• ?Building the T-shelter with natural resorses
• ?Immigrating from the dangerous land, and
  creating the new village.

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?Implement the mobile Medical Center by
trained nurses.
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?Constricting the T-Shelter with victims and
trained students. Imlementes by UGM,
Supported by IOM.
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?Rebuilding the new village from useless land to
better condition place. Imp. by US NGO, Sup. by
USAID
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?Meeting with village chief about the blue print
of the project.
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?Discussion between villagers and stuff of NGO
about project
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?Majoring the land with villagers and children.
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?The master plan made by US NGO and villagers
in New land.
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For sustainable Development
? It is very important to determine and
collaborate these 2 levels of the aid to
implement the sustainable development for the
disaster recovery management.
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Reference

• 1 BAPPENAS, INDONESIA, Preliminary Damage and
  Assessment- The December 26, 2004 Natural
  Disaster, Technical Annex, January 19-20, 2005
• 2 BAPPENAS, INDONESIA, Notes on
  Reconstruction- December 26, 2004 Natural
  Disaster , January 19-20, 2005
  
• 3 UNOCHA, Indian Ocean Earthquake-Tsunami
  2005, Flash Appeal, January, 2005
• 4 BAPPENAS, Master Plan for Aceh
  Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, April, 2005
• 5 JICA?The report of the construction in
  BandaAche Part1 - ?2005, Jenuary in 2005
• 6JICA?The survey on the needs
  assessments?February in 2005
• 7JICA?The project plans in BandaAceh?February
  in 2005
• 8 JICA?The report of the construction in
  BandaAche Part2 -?June in 2005
• 9 NihonKoei?The basi construction program for
  BandaAceh recovery?July in 2005
• 10 JICA?The report of the construction in
  BandaAche Part3-?September in 2005
• 11 The Foreign Ministry http//www.mofa.go.jp/m
  ofaj/area/asia/haken_gai.html
• 12 The Foreign Ministry http//www.mofa.go.jp/m
  ofaj/area/asia/genove_05/gh.html
• 13 The Foreign Ministry , http//www.mofa.go.jp
  /mofaj/area/asia/pdfs/sumatra_tsunami_y.pdf
• 14 Defense Agency http//www.jda.go.jp/j/news/su
  matora/tunami.html
• 15 BRR?Policy Directions on Spatial
  Restructuring Community Participation and
  Disaster Mitigation?December in2005
• 16 Unitary website for Aceh North Sumatra
  Reconstruction Information Sharing
• http//e-aceh-nias.org/index.php

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• Thank you