How did TR bring the United States into a new global era

1
How did TR bring the United States into a new
global era?
LESSON 30 America on the World Stage (1899-1909)
2
What further led to the redevelopment of American
foreign policy by 1900?

• HINGING THE OPEN DOOR OF CHINA
• Open Door Policy (1899) Response to Euro carving
  up of China ? fear of being shut out of trade
  market
• Urged fair market competition between world
  powers in China
• Not respected worldwide
• Boxer Rebellion (1900) Chinese nationalist
  response to Open Door ? broken up by multi-nation
  forces

3
What helped shape TRs foreign policy goals?

• TEDDY ROOSEVELT AND THE BIG STICK
• Facets of foreign policy
• Strong supporter of Mahans sea power theory
• Proponent of imperialism
• Supported healthy aims of Big Business
• More knowledgeable about world affairs than
  predecessors

Speak softly but carry a big stick and you
will go far.
4
What was the big deal about Panama?

• Panama Canal Issue (1903)
• Why Panama?
• ENHANCED TRADE Cut travel time to West Coast
• ADDED SECURITY Naval power strengthened on both
  coasts
• TR had legal challenges
• CLAYTON-BULWER TREATY (1850)
• HAY-PAUNCEFOTE TREATY (1901)

5
What was the big deal about Panama?

• TRs Panamanian challenge
• Offered deal to Colombia for strip (10 million)
  ? Colombia rejected offer
• REVOLT IN PANAMA (1903) TR created puppet
  government and blocked Colombian access
• GUNBOAT DIPLOMACY Panama recognized by U.S.
  and canal deal finalized (15 million) ?
  HAY-BUNAU-VARILLA TREATY (1903)
• Led to negative public reaction in U.S. and
  abroad
• Canal opened in 1914 Initial cost of 400 million

6
How did TR further expand upon the Monroe
Doctrine?

• Roosevelt Corollary (1904) TR declared the U.S.
  policeman of the Western Hemisphere
• Expanded upon Monroe Doctrine
• Intervention with force in Latin America when
  necessary
• Assumption of Latin American debt promised
• Criticized as Bad Neighbor policy

7
How did TR emerge as a world statesman?

• Settlement of Russo-Japanese War (1905)
• TR mediated dispute between Japan and Russia
• TREATY OF PORSTMOUTH (1905) Japan received
  Sakhalin Island but no indemnity () ? Japan
  can dominate Korea, though
• TR First American to win Nobel Prize for efforts
  (1906)
• NEGATIVE Led to poor relations with Japan and
  Russia

8
How did TR emerge as a world statesman?

• Japanese Immigration (1905-1907)
• Many Japanese fled to U.S. after Russo-Japanese
  War ? fear of yellow flood
• SAN FRANCISCO EARTHQUAKE (1906) Devastation
  caused lack of space and Japanese were persecuted
  ? schools overcrowded and Japanese forced to
  attend special school
• GENTLEMANS AGREEMENT (1907) TR would lift
  school policy if Japanese halted immigration
• Roosevelt responded to growing nativism in United
  States
• ROOT-TAKAHIRA AGREEMENT (1908) U.S. and Japan
  promised to respect territorial possessions

9
Looking back at TRs foreign policy record

• Assessment of Roosevelts Foreign Affairs Record
• POSITIVE ASPECTS
• Promoted environment for industrial expansion
• Attempted to foster positive relations with
  foreign nations
• NEGATIVE ASPECTS
• Didnt respect right to self-determination in
  Latin America
• U.S. viewed as hypocritical bullies ? Panama,
  Japan

10
Post-Roosevelt foreign policy

• FOREIGN POLICY AFTER ROOSEVELT
• DOLLAR DIPLOMACY (Pres. William Howard Taft)
  America would provide diplomatic, financial, and
  military support for U.S. business interests
  abroad
• GOOD NEIGHBOR POLICY (Pres. Franklin Roosevelt)
  U.S. would respect neighbors in Latin America
• PAN-AMERICANISM A movement to guarantee
  cooperation between all democratic governments in
  the Western Hemisphere
• Improved trade relations
• Greater political stability
• Common military defense
• Share of cultural bonds

11
TRs progressive views on business

• Political and economic aspects
• The Square DealRoosevelt believed in strong
  Presidential leadership to combat the problems of
  Big Business ? all Americans deserved a Square
  Deal (honesty, fairness, and economic opportunity)

12
TRs progressive views on business

• Progressivism Reforms essential to the growth of
  the United States ? moderate reforms that would
  help business grow
• Governmental policies
• TRUSTBUSTING TR broke over 40 trusts that hurt
  consumers (ex Northern Securities Co.) ? he
  wasnt anti-business, but against bad trusts

13
TRs progressive views on business

• ANTHRACITE COAL STRIKE (1902) Roosevelt expanded
  Presidential power further by stepping in to
  settle strike in defense of public welfare?
  workers given more rights (8-hour day, wage
  increase), but denied union recognition
• CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES Forestry,
  coal-rich land, and water power ? aggressive land
  protection for the sake of America