Title: Probability of rental cycle program in the Philippines Focusing on the aspect of security
1Probability of rental cycle program in the
Philippines- Focusing on the aspect of security-
Inter-University Seminar on Transportation and
the Environment 2008
- 15,Dec.2008
- Daichi Mimura
- M.Eng. Tokyo institute of technology
- Affiliate student of NCTS, University of the
Philippines Diliman
2Contents
- Necessity of modal change
- Merits of using bicycle
- Needed easy access to bicycles
- Problems against keeping on rental cycle projects
- Problems in adapting to the city of the
Philippines - Schedule for further research
31.1 Pushing modal change is needed
1. Necessity of modal change
Popular trip process
HOME
Train Bus
destination
Jeep Tricycle
Jeep
Proposing trip process
HOME
Train Bus jeep
Short trip
destination
Short trip
Bicycle
Bicycle
Home-based trip this trips gradually increasing
Bicycle parking-based trips which rental cycle
offer not popular in the Philippines
41.2 Characteristics in short trip
1. Necessity of modal change
- Travel characteristics in metro manila
- 32 of all the trips by jeepney and 23 of that
by car are very short distance trips, less than
2km. - Short trips made by Jeepney and car should reduce
as encouraging modal change to bicycle
52.1 Why bike?...Merits
2. Merits in using bicycle
- Transport-related
- Can reduce traffic congestion and parking space
- Environment-related
- Can reduce Atmosphere pollution
- Health
- Increasing overall fitness level
- Lowing the risk of heart attacks
- Shedding excess weight
- Reducing stress
- Money-related
- Fuel-cost, parking-fees, repairing-cost,
62.2 Saving times in the use of bicycles
2. Merits in using bicycle
- One of the attractive features in bicycles as a
transportation in the city - Using bicycle is the best way for saving times in
short distance trips which less than 4km compare
to other mode of transport.
Trip time is the shortest by trips of bicycle in
the trip less than 4km
walk 4.8km/h Bicycle preparing time
4min12km/h Bus and jeepney 10min11km/h (10min
including walk to bus station and waiting
time) Car preparing time 7min14km/h source
project team elaboration based on MMUTIS and
Feasibility Study Data
73.1 Current state in the use of bicycles
3. Needed easy access to bicycle
- This surveys held in Marikina in 2007 to analyze
how people using bicycles - In the surveys, major purpose of the bicycle
travel is home-based round trips that means
recreational and shopping trips. - Safety issues are identified as reasons why
people do not use bicycles as a major mode of
transport. - From this surveys, to increase bicycle users two
things is needed - More easily access, not only home but everywhere
in the city in low cost - To prevent bicycles from being stolen
- Rental cycle has a potential
Source 2008 TSSP conference, ASSESSMENT OF MODAL
SHIFT AND INSTITUTIONS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF
THE MARIKINA CITY BIKEWAYS
83.2 Objectives of rental cycle program
3. Needed easy access to bicycle
- More easily access, not only home-based but
everywhere-based in the city with low cost - To prevent bicycles from being stolen
- To improve above I focus on a rental cycle
program. - Objectives
- To foster the use of bicycles in the city.
- To install safely securing bicycles to promote
the use of bicycles in the city as an alternative
cleaner form of transport. - This is a mechanism to encourage both local
residents and visitors to use bicycles as an
alternative means of major transport. - The establishment of a management system to run a
rental bicycle scheme. - To install safely securing bicycles is primary
purpose of this thesis
94.1 Characteristics of the projects in EU
4. Problems against keeping on rental cycle
projects
- Innovated rental cycle systems have started in EU
- Can be used for daily mobility as one-way use is
possible - Differ from traditional, mostly leisure-oriented
bicycle rental services as they provide fast and
easy access - automated rental process via smart card or mobile
phone - Case in France
- Renting a bike is simple cyclists choose a bike
and insert a pre-paid card or credit card in a
terminal to unlock it from the station. When they
are done, they lock it up at any station. - If a bike is used for less than 30 minutes, the
credit card will not be charged. Every half hour
after that costs 1 euro (US1.33). Weekly rentals
cost five Euros and yearly rentals just 29 Euros.
104.2 Rent cycle program in UP
4. Problems against keeping on rental cycle
projects
- PEDYAK project
- Students can borrow MAMA CHARI paying
500Php/semester. Students who borrow a bicycle
can use bicycle during one semester. They can go
everywhere inside UP. - Numbers of bicycles 50 But now all of bicycles
are rented. - From this event,
- it is considered that the demands for rental use
of the bicycles is too high. - Problems
- If bicycle stolen, students must pay 4000Php.
Its not possible to pay that amount for students
whose bicycles were stolen. - To keep on this project
- Primary problem is security of bicycles
- Its very important to take measures to cope with
the thief
115. Factors in preventing thief
5. How to prevent
- Factors to prevent thief from stealing bicycles
- contents
- Advertising
- Bicycle coloring
- Bicycle shape
- System of parking station
- Need to analyze below
- Which factors is more useful to thief
- The costs of each factors to implement
- Less cost and more effective factors should be
estimated - cost benefit analysis
125.1 Factors in preventing thief
5. How to prevent
- Factors to prevent thief from stealing bicycles
- Advertising
- in EU
- advertising is working on as one of the effective
ways for prevention of bicycles stolen. - partnering up with advertising firms that will
provide bikes equipped with anti-theft systems in
return for city-wide advertising opportunities. - Which ways is better?
- Paint or Attachment
- Wheel or Body
Photo UP rental cycle
135.2 Factors in preventing thief
5. How to prevent
- Factors to prevent thief from stealing bicycles
- Bicycle coloring
- Issues needed to analyze in coloring effect
- Bicycle color is important factor to distinguish
rental cycles from all other bicycles. - To standardize the specify color is necessary to
make program of rental cycle well-known - Blue tend to make people relax
- Red tend to make people excited
- Unique color like PINK have a effect to prevent
- To determine the effects of color of bicycles
should conduct survey
145.3 Factors in preventing thief
5. How to prevent
- Factors to prevent thief from stealing bicycles
- Bicycle type
- Difference in stolen rate
- depending on the bicycle type?
Small wheel type Popular in the use of rental
cycles in EU
Mountain bike Popular bicycle in the Philippines
MAMA-CHARI Popular bicycle in Japan and used for
rental cycle in the UP
155.4 Factors in preventing thief
5. How to prevent
- Factors to prevent thief from stealing bicycles
- System of parking station
- Automated rental process via smart card or mobile
phone securing bicycles could install? - Have to consider other type parking facility with
locks - Types of locks for bicycles
- Rental cycle in France are equipped with a lock
and an alarm that will sound if the bike is not
returned to a station.
?
16Future plan
6. Schedule for further research
17- Thank you for your attention
Daichi Mimura (E-mail mimura.d.aa_at_m.titech.ac.jp)
Yai Laboratory Department of Built
EnvironmentTokyo Institute of Technology (HP
http//www.plan.cv.titech.ac.jp/yailab/index_e.htm
l)
18(No Transcript)
194.1 The NICHES project
4. Problems keeping on rental cycle projects
example of EU
- Promoting the most promising new urban transport
concepts, initiatives and projects to help moving
them from their current niche position to
mainstream - Public bicycles examined as one of 12 innovative
concepts
203.2 Necessary condition
3. Needed easy access to bicycle
- To prevent bicycles from being stolen
- More easily access not only home but everywhere
in the city in low cost - To solve above problem I focus on a rental cycle
program. -
- Now, many cities are giving it a go again by
partnering up with advertising firms that will
provide bikes equipped with anti-theft systems in
return for city-wide advertising opportunities. - In an effort to prevent thefts crippling the
network, Velib' bikes will be equipped with a
lock and an alarm that will sound if the bike is
not returned to a station. There will also be a
security deposit that riders will lose if their
bike vanishes.
215.1 Marikina project
5. Problems in adapting to the city of Marikina
- The city of Marikina
- 2,150 hectares
- total population 479,394
- 52km of cycle lane
- Marikinas Case
- The bikeways network offers a direct and safe
connection from residential areas to major
transport terminals, markets, schools, employment
centers, commercial and industrial
establishments.
22Marikina bike ways
5. Problems in adapting to the city of Marikina
23Necessary components for rental cycle program
- Since 2006, there has been a real boom of public
bicycle systems in some parts of Europe.
Particularly in France and Spain it seems that
nearly every larger city wants offer such a
service. These countries do not have a pronounced
bicycle culture yet, but there is much discussion
about the - important role that the bicycle could play in
urban transport as a new form of individualized
public transport. In Spain, the concept is even
promoted on the national level. - Public bicycle schemes have the potential to
achieve a change towards a more sustainable multi
modal travel behavior (the right mode for the
right trip), if properly implemented. They can
be part of the bigger puzzle of an integrated
urban transport strategy, which enables cities to
reduce motorized - traffic and its environmental impact.
241.1 Serious air pollution
1. Necessity of modal change
- Air pollution level
- In the Shoe Avenue station
- The levels of TSP concentration before, during
and after the Carless Day were fairly better than
the air quality standard of 230ug/Ncm. - Significant gap was observed on the Carless Day
itself, 3-times lower in TSP concentration than
regular days. - In the Bayan-Bayanan station
- Recorded high concentration of TSP even on
Carless Day. The three-day monitoring revealed
very unhealthy level of TSP concentration - Moreover Carless Day has insignificant effect on
the air quality situation of the Bayan-Bayanan
area.
25Structure of my thesis (plan)
- 1st how to encourage people to use bicycle
especially focusing modal change from jeep to
bicycle - How to use bicycle?
- About bicycle user?
- How could we push people to ride bicycle?
- 3 main theme
- How to let them know about usefulness in using
bicycle - Parking facility
- Safety
- 2nd cycling demand forecasting and estimate how
much atmosphere pollution could reduce - 3rd how much traffic congestion could reduce
due to modal change
26Intro. Why bike
Costs and benefits items should be evaluated in
pushing bicycle use
Source Mrikina city bikeways planning and design
guidebook published in 2007.
27intro. Marikina project
- The Marikina project followed three major
components - Component 1 Allocation and delineation of
bikeways in suitable existing roads - Delineation and marking of bikeways in existing
roads - Upgrading of road condition through repairs and
scarifying of road pavement surface for the
laying of top asphalt (asphalt topping) in the
designated bikeways - Putting up signage, markers and lane barriers in
critical areas to protect bikers - Identification of suitable roads for widening to
accommodate bikeways - Widening of roads through construction (land
grading, compaction and laying out of concrete
pavement and drainage improvement)
28intro. Marikina project
- Component 2 Identification and construction of
parking facilities for bicycles - Identification of suitable parking spaces
- Negotiation with landowners (if not public lands)
to provide small parking area for bicycle (e.g.,
in existing parking lots of malls, groceries,
open space, etc.). An ordinance may be passed by
the City of Marikina requiring commercial,
industrial and institutional (e.g., schools)
establishments to allot parking space for
bicycles - Putting up bicycle racks and parking sheds
29intro. Marikina project
- Component 3 Upgrading of existing riverside bike
lanes and their extension through construction of
new bike lanes to cover the entire stretch of
both riversides - Rehabilitation of destroyed segments of existing
jogging/bike lanes (i.e. destroyed by flooding
and typhoons) through laying out of new pavement
and rip rapping of riverbanks frequently eroded - Construction of new bike lanes through land
grading, concreting, drainage improvement and
bank stabilization through engineering means - Construction of hazard protection barriers (chain
links, fence) in critical stretches (i.e. narrow
river easement) - Planting of shade trees in riverside
301. How to use bicycle?
- What situation should I consider?
- How long distance people may ride bicycle? And
For what purpose? - Have a plan to investigate the actual situation
that how to use bicycle for people? For example
how often people use a bicycle in a week - Its necessary to get above data.
Mall? Sarisari? Station of rail? Jeep station?
Home
How long distance? How many times in a week?
311. How to use bicycle? In case of Marikina
- almost bicycle parking are vacant on the train
station. - Using rate of parking facility?
- To bike to ride a train is not popular?
- 10,500 daily trips were made by bicycle in
Marikina city (MMUTIS, 1998) - A large amount compared to the rest of the
Metropolitan Manila (160,200 bicycle trips daily) - Many bikers who are boys to aged people are seen
on the way - I felt that using bicycle got establishment as
short trip transport.
321. How to use bicycle? In case of Marikina
- Vehicle registration in Marikina
- Most increasing registered vehicles between the
years 2000 and 2007 is that of the motorcycles.
This increase has well translated to the
registered of tricycles, a three-wheeled public
transport.
Source Land Transportation Office
331. How to use bicycle? In case of Marikina
- Non-motorized transport share in Marikina
- the share of NMT traffic increases compared to
motorized traffic from 2002. From 2002 until
2006, the MBO was to implement of the bikeways
project with education and information campaigns
supporting the rapid construction of the bikeways
system in the city.
Source Marikina Bike Office
342. About bicycle user?
- Which class of income can buy bicycle?
- Ownership rate of bicycle?
- Detail data of family income ..and if available,
an individual income data by age, sex, - Generally how much to buy a bicycle?
Source National Statistics Office
352. About bicycle user?
- Figure shows the family income in the
Philippines. - 70 of the families live a life with under
10,000Php in a month. Those people could not buy
a bicycle without support for purchase of
bicycles. - So its necessary to make a support program for
people who wants to use bicycle. And who are
targets of bicycle user?
Source National Statistics Office
362. About bicycle user? In case of Marikina
- In Marikina city
- What is the bicycle owning rate?
- Bicycle store
- Many bicycle stores in Marikina
- Bicycles are available from 2000Php
- Owing rate
- Marikinas recent Bicycle Ownership Survey showed
that 55 of families in Marikina owned or has
access to a bicycle, 22 of which is used for
bike-to-work purposes. - Although the percentage of modal shift from
motorized transport to non-motorized mode in
Marikina is yet not to be known.
373. How could we push people to ride bicycle?
- 3 main theme
- How to let them know about usefulness in using
bicycle. - Many programs are suggested to promote using
bicycle in the book, which is Mrikina city
bikeways planning and design guidebook which
published in 2007. but this way is just
suggestion. - Safety
- For thief
- Parking facilities are enough?
- Lights on side on the road
- Condition on the road
- Conflict to vehicle
- Cross section
- Parking facility
- How many parking facility are there in Marikina?
and future plan? - How do you inform people where parking facilities
are?
383.1 Review of Mrikina city bikeways planning and
design guidebook
- Should be more concretely
- The way
- Active campaign
- people actually speak to the audience
- Passive campaign
- non-vocal way
- ex flyers, brochures, other published materials
- the campaign to be effective
- Needs deferent campaign depend on targets
- The end user
- Higher government bodies
- Other LGUs
- The way how to do is written in Mrikina city
bikeways planning and design guidebook which
published in 2007. but this way is just
suggestion. - Informing campaigns
- Information should be shared are below
- Benefits of bicycling
- Description of bicycle network
- Features of bicycle facilities
- Various tips on how to select, operate and
maintain a bicycle - Location of bicycle parking facilities
393.1 Review of Mrikina city bikeways planning and
design guidebook
- Bicycle education programs
- The intended objective is to make an audience
learn - Most important program through bicycle program
- Include 3 components
- Basic bicycle operations
- Rules of the road
- Repairs and maintenance
- Proposed to conduct a survey to participants in
this guidebook
403.1 Review of Mrikina city bikeways planning and
design guidebook
- Bicycle promotion programs
- The main objective is to encourage the more
frequency use of bicycle - EX
- Bicycle purchase program
- - people can purchase bicycle using installments
at 0 interest - A workplace incentive program
- - workers who bike to work can be given some
incentives - Tax incentive program
- - companies who provide their own parking
facilities can get incentive - A car-less day
413.1 Review of Mrikina city bikeways planning and
design guidebook
- Advocacy and awareness campaign
- The objective is to bring to light a specific
issue related to bicycling - Previous types of bicycle program can be
organized under advocacy campaign - topics
- Health and sickness
- Pollution / environmental degradation
- Fuel shortage
- Quality of life
- Security and convenience of of the bicyclists
- Traffic safety
423.1 Promotions in case of Marikina
- Actually some projects are conducted in Marikina
city. - Bicycle loan project
- Car less day
- Bicycle loan project
- The city government also administered a Bicycle
Loan Project that gives city employees and
students an opportunity to own a bike through an
interest-free bike loan payable within 6 to 12
months. the city government handed over 150
mountain bikes to its Bantay Bayan volunteers. - several NMT ordinances have already been
implemented to support the sustainable existence
of the bikeways.
433.2 safety
- For thief
- Parking facilities
- We are afraid that our bicycle are stolen by
thief while we park a bicycle. - So its important to put safety parking
facilities for bicycle. - Lights on the sides on the road
- Also we are afraid of a robber. Light have
prevention effect. - Condition on the road
- Conflict to vehicle and traffic accidents
- Need data of traffic accidents between vehicle
and bicycles.
443.3 Parking facility
- many parking facilities are built in Marikina
- But used rate is low
- the city government has opened a bike way
connection between the established city network
to the new Light Rail Transit station in
Santolan, complete with bike parking facilities,
making it possible for people to conveniently use
the mass transit through biking from their homes.
But I felt these facilities are not working well.