Whats the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web

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Re-cap from last week

• Whats the difference between the Internet and
  the World Wide Web?
• What does http stand for?
• What does the term multimedia include?
• What image formats are suitable for use on the
  Web?

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Re-cap

• In Photoshop, whats the difference between image
  size and canvas size?
• On what basis does Photoshops magic wand tool
  select an area of an image?
• What does the magic wands tolerance setting do?

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Web 1Colour Theory
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What is Colour?

• Colour is light of different wavelengths and
  frequencies reflected from objects
• White light (sun) contains all the colours of the
  rainbow, and when shone through a prism each
  colour ray bends differently, showing the full
  spectrum (discovered by Isaac Newton)
• Red rays bend less, violet rays bend more
• The Colours of the light wave spectrum are red,
  orange, yellow, green, blue and indigo

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Visible light

• Visible light the wavelengths within the
  electromagnetic energy spectrum that can be
  detected by the human eye (e.g. microwaves and
  radio waves are not detectable)

Invisible wavelengths
Invisible wavelengths
Ultraviolet Xray
Infrared radiation radio waves
Longer wavelength
Shorter wavelength
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Electromagnetic Spectrum
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Importance of colour

• Much of our world revolves around colour
• Colour is a powerful means of communication
• Traffic light colours are understood universally
• blue for a boy, pink for a girl
• Colours used for a product, web site, business
  card, logo, etc can cause powerful reactions

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Three Properties of Colour

• HSV values Hue, Saturation, Value
• Hue is the correct way of referring to the pure
  spectrum colours
• The word you associate with a colour when you see
  it
• Saturation refers to how dominant the hue is
  within the colour ie purity of hue
• Value refers to the amount of light reflected
  from a hue. High white contenthigh value

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HSV values
High level of Saturation
High value
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Red, Green, Blue (RGB) values

• Any other colour can be made by combining these
  three colours

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Primary Colours

• Red, yellow, and blue
• Traditional colour theory states
• these are the colours (hues) that cannot be made
  by combining any other colours
• all other colours are derived from these three
  hues

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Secondary Colours

• If you mix equal amounts of two primary colours,
  you get a Secondary colour
• green, orange, and violet
• Blue yellow green
• Red yellow orange
• Red blue violet

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Tertiary Colours

• There are six tertiary colours
• Formed by mixing a primary colour with a
  secondary colour in a 21 ratio (2 primary 1
  secondary)
• The hues produced have two-word names, determined
  by the mix
• yellow-orange
• red-orange
• red-violet
• blue-violet,
• blue-green
• yellow-green

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Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Tertiary
Tertiary
Secondary
Primary
Tertiary
Primary
Tertiary
Tertiary
Secondary
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Other colours

• Now that we have 12 Colours (3 Primary, 3
  Secondary 6 Tertiary) where do the rest of the
  Colours come from?
• From variations in tint, shade, and tone
• Shade hue mixed with black
• Tint hue mixed with white
• Tone hue gray or hue complementary colour

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Colour Schemes

• Complementary
• Analogous
• Triadic
• Split-Complementary
• Rectangle
• Square
• Web reference for explanations
• http//www.tigercolor.com/color-lab/color-theory/c
  olor-theory-intro.htmcolor_harmonies

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The effect of a scheme
Mixing fully saturated complementary colours can
cause interesting/strange visual effects
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Basic colour Schemes

• Colour schemes are ways to use groups of colours
  together so a desired affect is achieved by an
  artist

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Monochromatic Scheme

• A single pure hue with a number of tints and
  shades
• Pros Unified and harmonious - effective for
  establishing an overall mood
• Cons Can be dull because of the lack of
  variation - can lose interest of the viewer

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Analogous colours

• Any three colours which are side by side on a 12
  part colour wheel
• Usually one of the three colours predominates
• Pros
• Wide selection of possible combinations
• similarity of colours makes the schemes
  harmonious
• used in nature so usually soothing and restful
• Cons
• The use of more than three colours can dilute the
  overall effect
  of this scheme

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Complementary colours

• Any two colours positioned directly opposite each
  other on the colour wheel
• In the illustration below, there are several
  variations of yellow-green in the leaves and
  several variations of red-purple in the orchid
• This scheme creates maximum contrast they
  heighten and accent one another
• Pros Eye-catching and vibrant
• Cons Natural colour combinations may be quickly
  ignored by viewers

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Triadic

• Colours at the points of a triangle
• Appealing and well balanced
• The most effective colour mix is the three
  primary colours - the extreme contrast has strong
  visual impact
• Pros
• Colour mix is very balanced
• Creates a vibrant colour scheme
• Good for drawing viewer attention
• Cons
• Vibrancy may be too garish and detract from the
  message

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Split Complementary

• A colour and the two colours adjacent to its
  complementary
• Pros
• More variety than a simple complementary colour
  scheme
• Cons
• Less vibrant and eye-catching
• Can be difficult to harmonize the colours

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Colour Harmony

• Visual harmony is when something is pleasing to
  the eye
• Engages the viewer visual interest
• Creates an inner sense of order, a balance in the
  visual experience
• When something is not visually harmonious, it's
  boring or chaotic
• If its too bland the viewer is not engaged
• The human brain will reject under-stimulating
  information
• If the visual experience is overdone, it becomes
  chaotic and the viewer may not want to look at it
• . The human brain rejects what it can not
  organize or understand
• Extreme unity leads to under-stimulation, extreme
  complexity leads to over-stimulation
• Harmony is a dynamic equilibrium

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Nature

• Nature provides a perfect departure point for
  colour harmony
• The same colours may not look good together
  outside of nature

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Colour Context

• How colours behave together can is complex
• Compare the contrast effects of different colour
  backgrounds for the same red square
• Red appears more brilliant against a black
  background and duller against the white
  background
• Against orange red appears lifeless
• Against blue-green it appears strong and stands
  out
• Note that the red square appears larger on black

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Psychology of colour

• Different colours create different instinctive
  feelings
• Red, yellow and their variations are referred to
  as warm colours
• Associated with fire and the sun?
• Blue and green are considered cool colours
• Colours of sky, water and open land
• Black can be associated with power, evil or
  grieving
• White can be associated with cleanliness,
  neutrality or safety (bright lights)
• Personal memories can play a part in colour
  perception as well

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Primary Colours
Secondary Colours
Tertiary Colours
Monochrome
Complementary
Analogous
Split Complementary
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This weeks workshop

• Working with layers
• Linking layers
• Layer styles