Integrated Monitoring and Forecasting of Harmful Algal Blooms in coastal waters of concern to the No

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Integrated Monitoring and Forecasting of Harmful
Algal Blooms - in coastal waters of concern to
the Norwegian aquaculture industry

Lasse H. Pettersson, Johnny A. Johannessen, Nina
Winther, Are Folkestad Nansen Environmental and
Remote Sensing Center, Bergen, Norway
http//HAB.nersc.no
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The Problem - HAB

• Eutrophication and Global Change
• Increased Transport and Spreading
• Harmful Algae Blooms
• Environmental Effects
• Fish Shellfish Aquaculture
• Fisheries Wild life
• Coastal zone biodiversity
• Health
• Recreation Tourism
• Off-shore Industry
• etc.

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Objectives - Monitoring Forecasting of
(Harmful) Algal Blooms

• Early Warning and Detection
• Synoptic Monitoring and Model Predictions
• Better Understanding of Causes and Effects
• Conservation of the Environment
• Saving of Values and Mitigation Actions

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Main User Clients

• Fisheries and aquaculture industry
  organisations
• Governmental agencies - fisheries, food safety,
  protection of health, pollution and environmental
  monitoring,
• Private consultancy companies - environmental
  monitoring and impact study,
• Insurance companies - aquaculture and fish
  farming,
• Research institutes with applied marine research
  activities,
• Tourism industry

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Service requirements

• Requirements as expressed by Norwegian Users
• What is the useful information Risk Assessment
  of algal bloom events
• Delay of delivery Within 48 hours (aim 6-24
  hrs.)
• Frequency required Every 3-4 days (at least -
  daily data)
• Accuracy on the parameters or validity of the
  information
• Form and aspect of the information delivery Open
  Issue (HAB-web, according to Norwegian
  contingency plan)

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ROSES HAB Service - North Sea

• Service elements
• Ocean colour - MERIS, MODIS, and SeaWiFS
• HYCOM ocean circulation model
• NORWECOM (H)AB model
• POMS/MONCOZE framework for data analysis
• AlgeInfo network and web-site
• Integration and dissemination tools (DISMAR..)
• Geographical expansion
• North Sea, incl. Skagerrak, Kattegat,
• Expansion later based on regional expertise and
  tools (e.g. Alg_at_Line in Finland)
• In situ data availability and Validation (!)

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ROSES HAB Products

• Algae Bloom and Feature Mapping
• Current capabilities of observing platforms and
  simulation models
• Earth Observation data
• Basic bio-physical parameters
• Chlorophyll concentration ? assessing
  phytoplankton biomass
• RGB colour composite of water-leaving radiance ?
  reducing false alarms
• SST ? history of water temperature and
  circulation patterns
• Additional parameters
• Diffuse attenuation coefficient ? modelling of
  light attenuation
• Incident radiation (PAR) ? light availability
• In situ data
• Water samples
• Species
• Level of maturity (growth stage)
• Amount of each species (cells/litre)
• Toxicity / harmfulness
• FerryBox
• Temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a
  fluorescence, turbidity, PAR

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Future ROSES (H)AB Production Chain
Earth Observation
Data Flow for Algae Bloom and Feature Mapping
Satellite 1
Ground Station
Product Generator System 1
Satellite 2
Communication Satellite
DISPRO Node 1
In situ
DISPRO Portal
DISPRO Node 2
Product Generator System 2
Receiver System
Ships of opportunity
DISPRO Clients
Model
DISPRO Node 3
Tape Robot
Massive Paralell Computer
Product Generator System 3
Courtesy DISMAR project
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AlgeInfo Web page

• Based on observations and analysis from 27 fixed
  coastal stations and ship samples
• Web-page updated weekly under regular bloom
  situations
• Information provided and analysed by
• Institute of Marine Research,
• Directorate for Fisheries,
• OCEANOR AS,
• Norwegian Institute for Water Research,
• other institutions under alert situations, incl.
  Nansen Center

http//algeinfo.imr.no
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Daily near real-time Web-info
http//HAB.nersc.no
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S P R I N G 2 0 0 2
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The Current Prototype http//moncoze.met.no
Satellite data
Ocean models (NORWECOM and HYCOM)
Atmospheric model
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Nested Model and Integration
30 km
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Regional North Sea Model - HYCOM
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NORWECOM Simulations
SeaWiFS Chlorophyll March 25, 2001
mg/m3
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Model simulations - Chattonella Bloom March 2001
Courtesy Institute of Marine Research
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Development of ROSES HAB Services

• Deployment
• In situ network availability
• EO data products harmonization
• Data Integration, Analysis and Dissemination - a
  la DISMAR
• Regional Model Simulations and Validation
• Information products Improvements and
  Harmonization
• RD
• OC Retrieval Algorithms in coastal waters
• Detection and discrimination of HAB
• HAB parameterization in ecosystem modelling
• Service and Service elements validation

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Summary - HAB Monitoring

• Monitoring of the North Sea region has been
  conducted during the bloom periods 1998-2004 -
  http//HAB.nersc.no
• The AlgeInfo page gives public information
• SeaWiFS and now MERIS MODIS EO data improve the
  early warning and monitoring capability of algal
  blooms
• Assimilation of Earth Observation information
  improve the model predictions of HAB events
• A fully integrated ROSES system is on its way!