From Awareness To Improvement

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From Awareness To Improvement Changing
Aviation Safety Culture
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Project Mission

• Improve the Safety Culture of the College of
  Aviation at Western Michigan University
• Safety Culture Safety related behaviors and
  conditions that are valued by the College of
  Aviation

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What Is Aviation Behavior Based Safety (ABBS)?

• Measurement

BBS Process
Feedback
Problem-Solving
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ABBS Does NOT Replace

• Trainingthe knowledge to be safe
• Equipmentthe tools to be safe
• Engineering Solutionshazard recognition and
  elimination
• Supportcommitment follow through

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BBS In Industry

• BBS systems have been successfully implemented in
  thousands of organizations around the world
• Manufacturing
• Construction
• Health Care
• Office Settings
• Utilities
• Increasing the frequency of critical safe
  behaviors and conditions resulted in decreased
  accident rates across all settings
• References available upon request

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Contrast

• Traditional Safety Programs
• Behavior Based Safety

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Traditional Approaches

• Traditionally, companies have focused on
  Accident Rate safety measures such as
• NTSB recordable accident rates
• ASRS incident reports
• NTSB accident reports
• Focusing on Accident Rates has several
  disadvantages

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Accident Rate Disadvantages

1. ReactiveAn injury must occur before the system
   can react
2. Not specificDo not indicate exactly what needs
   to be done on-the-job to maintain or improve
   safety
3. Low impactHard to change at-risk behaviors that
   are at habit strength
4. Negativefocusing on accident rates highlights
   worst aspect of work

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BBSFocuses On

• Identification of Systems Factorsfactors that
  influence an individuals ability perform safely
• Training
• Equipment
• Support
• Problem solvingelimination or reduction of
  influence from systems factors

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BBSFocuses On

• Identification of Safety Targetsbehaviors or
  conditions that are critical to performing safely
• Increasing the frequency of those critical safe
  behaviors and conditions

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BBS Basics
Target Safety Related Behaviors Conditions
Increase Frequency of Behaviors
Conditions Directly Related to Safety
Frequent Observation
Feedback
Reinforcement/Problem Solving
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The BBS Process

• Is Proactiveby providing measures of safety
  targets on-the-job that can be used to avoid
  injuries
• Is Specificsafety target data indicates exactly
  what can be done to maintain and improve safety
• Can Change Attitudes Culturehigher impact on
  at-risk behaviors that are at habit strength
• Is Positivesafety achievements and improvements
  are the focus

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The Process
Assessment
ABBS Development
Training
Implementation
Evaluation Cont. Imp.
End
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Assessment
Accident Analysis
Process Mapping
Interviews
Safety Assessment
Baseline Observation
Baseline Videotaping
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ABBS Development
Project Strategy
Develop Process
Project Steering Team
Development Process
Target Behaviors
Design Measurement
Rollout Plan
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ABBS Development

• Project Strategy
• Identify Key groups
• Safety Committee
• Instructors
• Students
• Get buy-in

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ABBS Development
Target Behaviors

• Instructors
• Pre-Flight
• Pre-Flight Briefing
• In-Flight
• Post-Flight
• Post Flight Briefing
• Classroom instruction

• Students
• Pre-flight inspection
• Classroom learning
• Team Riding

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ABBS Development

• Develop process for measuring safety targetsdata
  collection
• Instructor-student observations
• Instructor-instructor observations
• Student-student observations
• Develop process for feedback
• On-the-spot feedback
• Summary feedback
• Goals setting
• Develop roll-out strategy
• How will the process be put in action?

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Implementation
Observers Identified
Observer Training
Process Implementation
Begin Obs. Fdbk.
Problem Solving
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Evaluation Continuous Improvement
Evaluate Process
Eval. Targets Goals
Evaluation and Continuous Improvement
Fade I/O Psych. Involvement
Reinvention of Process
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Behavior Based SafetyBuilding From The Ground
up
Contact Person Bill Rantz, MA william.rantz_at_
wmich.edu Psychology Department
Collaborators Ryan Olson, MA John Austin,
Ph.D. john.austin_at_wmich.edu Alyce
Dickinson, Ph.D. alyce.dickinson_at_wmich.edu