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How Deaf People Communicate

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Deaf people should communicate like Hearing people. Uses speech, lipreading, ... A PHILOSOPHY that allows Deaf people to communicate using ANY method that is ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: How Deaf People Communicate


1
How Deaf People Communicate
2
2 Schools of Thought
  • MANUALISM
  • Visual communication systems
  • Accepts Deaf people as visual communicators
  • ORALISM
  • Deaf people should communicate like Hearing
    people
  • Uses speech, lipreading, and amplification
  • No signs, fingerspelling, or gestures permitted

3
Non-language Communication
  • FACIAL EXPRESSION
  • Used with oralism
  • Is a critical part of manualism
  • Part of grammatical rules in ASL
  • GESTURES
  • Not a language but can convey meaning
  • Used in manualism

4
LIPREADING/ SPEECHREADING
  • Which school of thought?
  • Oralism
  • What is it?
  • Watch speakers face to understand language.
  • Follows English word order and grammar
  • PROBLEMS
  • 30 of English visible on the lips
  • People do not speak clearly
  • Face must be well lighted and fully visible
  • One must know English

5
CUED SPEECH
  • Which school of thought?
  • Oralism
  • What is it?
  • 8 specific handshapes and 6 postitions on the
    face to help lipreading.
  • It follows English word order

6
Problems with Cued Speech
Is an Oral system Must Know English Very Few
Hearing or Deaf People Know It
7
FINGERSPELLING
  • Which school of thought?
  • Manualism
  • What is it?
  • 22 handshapes
  • 2 movements
  • the alphabet
  • Problems?
  • Must be able to spell

8
Rochester Method
  • What is it?
  • Uses speech and amplification and fingerspelling
    to help with lipreading
  • Uses English language structure
  • Which school of thought?
  • Oralism but uses visual clues
  • Problems?
  • Requires intense concentration
  • Must be able to spell and use English

9
AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE
  • Which school of thought?
  • Manualism
  • What is it?
  • A separate language-completely visual
  • Has own grammar and rules
  • Used by most culturally Deaf people
  • Not iconic
  • Deaf people-created
  • Problems
  • Not everyone knows it
  • Must accept Deaf people as Deaf
  • It is not English-the dominant language

10
SIGNED ENGLISH
  • Which School of Thought?
  • Manualism
  • What is It?
  • A system of signs to show English on the hands
  • Follows English Language structure with all
    endings
  • Problems
  • Few people use it well
  • Makes changes to ASL which many Deaf people do
    not like

11
ARE SIGNS THE SAME EVERYWHERE ???
  • A
  • B
  • No
  • Each country has own sign language
  • There are also regional signs

12
What is an Interpreter?
  • A person who knows 2 languages and has skills to
    assist people who only know 1 language.
  • Problems
  • 3rd person in conversation
  • How to find?
  • Cost
  • May not be available in an emergency

13
Technology Used to Communicate(just 2 you will
learn much more!)
  • TTY (TDD)
  • CLOSED CAPTIONS
  • Problems with TTD?
  • Special equipment
  • Must read English
  • Be able to type

14
Writing- using paper and pencil to communicate
  • Problems
  • Slow
  • Who carries these all the time?
  • Requires strong English background

15
Total Communication
  • A PHILOSOPHY that allows Deaf people to
    communicate using ANY method that is comfortable
    for them- without the label of the right or
    wrong way

16
Meeting Deaf PeopleTips for Communication
  • Face visible and well lighted
  • Make sure Deaf person is watching you
  • No gum/ dont cover mouth
  • Dont exaggerate mouth movements
  • Use gestures/ facial expressions
  • Be patient
  • Be yourself
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