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Promise and Opportunity: National Trends in Infant Mental Health

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Title: Promise and Opportunity: National Trends in Infant Mental Health


1
Promise and Opportunity National Trends in
Infant Mental Health
  • Cindy Oser, R.N., M.S.
  • Director, ZERO TO THREE Western Office
  • Los Angeles California
  • September 8, 2006
  • Texas Association for Infant Mental Health
  • Annual Meeting and Conference

2
For nearly 30 years The Nations Leading
Resource on the First Three Years of Life
3
Our Mission and Goals
To support the healthy development and well being
of infants, toddlers and their families.
Mission
  • Develop Knowledge
  • Raise Public Awareness
  • Build and Prepare Community of Professionals
  • Build Better Web of Support
  • Inform and Support Parents

Goals
  • Parents
  • Professionals
  • Public

Target
Inform, Educate and Support
4
Infant/Early Childhood Mental Health
  • Capacity to experience, regulate and express
    emotions
  • Form close and secure interpersonal
    relationships and
  • Explore the environment and learn.
  • Synonymous with healthy social and emotional
    development.

5
What is social and emotional development?
  • Capacity to identify our own feelings
  • Development of empathy
  • Ability to constructively manage strong emotions

6
Continuum of Services
  • Promotion of mental wellness
  • Prevention of mental health disturbances
  • Treatment for mental health problems

7
Learning Begins at Birth
  • Science is confirming what some parents
    intuitively know
  • Children who feel secure, confident and have
    self-control are better prepared for school
  • Children with strong, positive relationships with
    their most important caregivers do better both in
    school and in developing healthy relationships as
    they grow

Babies whose hearts are nurtured as carefully as
their bodies and minds are more likely to become
well-adjusted children and successful adults
Social and Emotional Development Shapes the Future
8
Trends Affecting Infants and Toddlers
  • Federal
  • Disaster relief
  • War in Iraq
  • National
  • Emphasis on Universal Pre-Kindergarten.
  • Of the nations ten largest foundations, none
    mention early childhood as a priority area.
  • Increased emphasis on cognitive development and
    academic learning standards.
  • State and Regional
  • Greater interest in early years of development
    (including prenatal).
  • Concern re measuring child outcomes.
  • Development of Early Learning Guidelines.
  • Increasing interest in prenatal and early
    childhood mental
  • health.

9
The Early Childhood Landscape
  • Home Visiting (37 states)
  • Universal Pre-K (39 states with Pre-K programs)
  • IMH Associations (19 states)
  • IMH Credentialing
  • Child Development in Primary Health Care
  • Family Leave (1 state)
  • Birth 5 Systems Efforts (BUILD initiative,
    Better Baby Care, Court Teams, SAMHSA grants,
    etc.)
  • Child Care Quality Rating Systems (12 states)
  • Early Learning Standards (27 states)

10
Federal Opportunities/Promises
  • Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
    (IDEA) reauthorization and regulations
  • Keeping Children and Families Safe Act of 2003
    (CAPTA amendments)
  • Head Start reauthorization
  • Child Care Development Fund (CCDF)
  • Disaster Relief
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Act
    (SAMSHA) reauthorization
  • Home Visiting legislation

11
New Research
  • Survival Strategies Low Income Immigrant
    Parents of Infants
  • (Hirokazu Hoshikawa, NY University)
  • Cultural Pathways Through Human Development
  • (Carrie Rothstein-Fisch, Cal State Northridge and
    Patricia Greenfield, UCLA)
  • How Children Manage Stress
  • (Megan Gunner, University of Minneapolis)

12
Barriers for Families and Practitioners
  • Reluctance to seek MH services (STIGMA)
  • Lack of family support, especially for parental
    mental illness
  • Lack financing strategies
  • Lack of skilled providers and lack of training
    available
  • Lack awareness that MH is an issue for young
    children and families.

13
System Challenges
  • Cross-system issues (child care, Head Start,
    education, health care, child welfare, justice
    system, others)
  • Cross-system Coordination esp. young children
  • Poor communication and understanding of needs
  • Pediatricians ability to identify and treat
    children with emotion disturbance
  • Educators, child care providers dont know what
    to look for
  • Parents understand the importance but not how to
    recognize or what to do to promote
    social-emotional development

14
Inaction is making the problem worse.
  • Many children in out-of-home care
  • Much care NOT of high quality
  • Many children in foster care, with multiple
    placements -Infants are the fastest growing and
    single largest cohort in foster care.
  • Achievement gap ignoring the link between
    academic achievement and social-emotional
    development
  • Very young children are being expelled from child
    care and preschool for behavior problems.
  • Mental health of parents can affect development
    of young

15
  • "We can't solve problems by using the same kind
    of thinking we used when we created them.
  • Albert Einstein

16
Where are the opportunities for
  • Engaging families
  • Creating partnerships
  • Observing and screening for social-emotional
    development and prenatal/maternal depression
  • Cross-training and specialty training
  • Providing specific intensive I/F/ECMH services
  • Using evidence-based and promising models
  • Advocacy and policy change

17
Promise in I/F/ECMH
  • Growing focus on social-emotional development (in
    health and early learning)
  • Increase in state IMH associations
  • More states seeking IMH credentialing
  • IMH state strategic plans
  • Birth-5 systems initiatives
  • Interest in prenatal/parental mental health

18
Opportunity to do more
  • Prevention and promotion how to support
    parenting, other caregivers, and social-emotional
    wellness
  • Begin in the pre-natal period
  • Refining assessment, intervention and treatment
    models
  • Improving practice (reflective supervision,
    consultation, early identification)

19
I/F/ECMH holds great promise . . .
  • Be active and informed!
  • Join the ZTT Policy Network and Insider
  • Use the TAIMH as a way to form new partnerships,
    communicate messages, build capacity
  • Promote approaches that
  • Protect and strengthen families
  • Improve parent-child relationships
  • Promote social-emotional development

20
Contact Information
  • ZERO TO THREE
  • 2000 M Street, N.W., Suite 200
  • Washington, D.C. 20036
  • 202-638-1144
  • ZERO TO THREE Western Office
  • 350 South Bixel Street, Suite 150
  • Los Angeles, CA 90017
  • 213-481-7279
  • For publications only 1-800-899-4301
  • www.zerotothree.org

21
Resources
  • National Research Council and Institute of
    Medicine (2000). From neurons to neighborhoods
    The science of early childhood development.
    Washington, DC National Academy Press.
  • Onunaku, N. (2005) Improving maternal and infant
    mental health focus on maternal depression. Los
    Angeles, CA National Center for Infant and Early
    Childhood Health Policy at UCLA. Available at
    www.zerotothree.org/policy
  • Rosman, E., Perry, D. Hepburn, K. (2005) The
    best beginning partnerships between primary
    health care and mental health and substance abuse
    services for young children and their families.
    Washington, DC Georgetown University National
    TA Center for Childrens Mental Health.
    Available at http//gucchd.georgetown.edu/files/pr
    oducts_publications/TACenter/bestbeginfinal.pdfse
    arch22the20best20beginning22
  • Zeanah, P., Stafford, B., Zeanah, C. (2005)
    Clinical interventions to enhance infant mental
    health a selective review. National Center for
    Infant and Early Childhood Health Policy at UCLA.
    Available at www.healthychild.ucla.edu

22
Resources (cont.)
  • http//www.zerotothree.org National organization
    with information for parents, professionals and
    policymakers. See the Policy Center site for
    policy briefs see infant mental health topical
    section for professional resources.
  • www.nashp.org Tools, papers and information on
    the Assuring Better Care and Development (ABCD)
    Projects.
  • www.ideainfanttoddler.org IMH Approaches and
    Part C paper
  • www.promisingpractices.net
  • www.evidencebasedpractices.org
  • http//modelprograms.samhsa.gov
  • www.ehsnrc.org
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