The evolving network

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The evolving network
Some Science drivers Issues and Technology
today Future evolution
Peter Clarke University College London
clarke_at_hep.ucl.ac.uk
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Radio Astronomy Very Long Baseline Interferometry
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WesterborkNetherlands
EffelsbergGermany
JIVE
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Particle Physics The Large Hadron Collider
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Breast Screening Programmes
Current system is minimal technologically
(taken from e-DiaMoND Project)
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Future should be digitised and processed images
(taken from e-DiaMoND Project)
Remote Radiographers ?
NETWORK
2nd opinion
Remote Patient information

• Requires Gbit/s flows for remote access
• Will not be possible without scheduled
  guaranteed net-services

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Issues and technology today

• Issues are
• TCP the internet workhorse
• Servers
• Disk I/O
• Network Cards
• Architecture
• OS
• Local network and firewall
• The mindset im getting poor response, the
  network must be to blame so I give up
• To 1st order the wide area network is not the
  problem

User gets 10 -100 Mbit/s
The network Typically 2.5 10 Gbit/s
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• Example technology issue (1) TCP (Transport
  Control Protocol )
• You use this every day for almost everything you
  do on the internet
• Never designed long distance high bandwidth
  networks
• but amazing that it does so well !!!

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• Example technology issue (2) Disk Input/Output
• Great difference between low and high
  performance servers
• Care is needed also with interface to network

Standard servers easily achieve 100 Mbits/s
I/O Rate
Time
High performance servers easily achieve
500 Mbits/s
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Example technology issue (3) Differentiated
Services

• IP packets can be marked
• At each node (router) in chain, marked packets
  can given business class treatment

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• Messages
• ? Getting 1 Gbit/s out of real networks is a
  known solution (actually, getting 5 Gbit/s
  out of network has been done)
• Applications people and network people have to
  bring it together to make it work for science

A 24 hour High Speed TCP test from Manchester to
CCLRC-RAL
940 Mbit/s
Rate
Time
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The Future Network ?
of users
Requirements
A -gt Lightweight users, browsing, mailing B -gt
Business applications, multicast, streaming,
VPNs C -gt Special scientific applications,
computing, data grids
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Total BW
Requirements
A -gt Need full Internet routing, many to many B
-gt Need VPN services and some Internet routing,
several to several C -gt Doesnt need internet
routing, Need very fat pipes, limited sites, few
to few
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a possible Network of the Future.

• Provides
• Normal best effort IP network where appropriate
• Extended virtual LANs where appropriate
• Switched lightpaths where appropriate

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This new way of networking was the rationale for
UKLIGHT - a National Facility for Advanced
Optical Networking -
NorthernLight
SunLight
Czech Light
CERN
Pacific NW GigaPOP
MANLAN
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Source Kees Neggers, SURFnet
in a bit more detail
Stockholm NorthernLight
New York MANLAN
10 Gbit/s
IEEAF 10 Gbit/s
10 Gbit/s
2.5 Gbit/s
2.5 Gbit/s
10 Gbit/s
SURFnet 10 Gbit/s
CAnet4
Amsterdam NetherLight
Chicago StarLight
Tokyo WIDE
IEEAF 10 Gbit/s
10 Gbit/s
NSF 10 Gbit/s
10 Gbit/s
10 Gbit/s
2.5 Gbit/s
SURFnet 10 Gbit/s
Tokyo APAN
2.5 Gbit/s
10 Gbit/s
Prague CzechLight
Geneva CERN
London UKLight
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• UKLIGHT is
• A VISION
• The UK was missing from an important the global
  stage
• The UK needed to be there and now it is
• SCIENCE AND NETWORKING ENABLEMENT
• Driven by a cross disciplinary scientific case
• Applications HEP, Radio Astronomy, HPC,
  TeleMedicine
• Network RD to find new paradigms for the next
  generation network
• INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORTED BY KEY BODIES
• Core e-Science Programme
• JISC-JCSR and JISC-JCN
• Funded through HEFC SRIF

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As a result of the initiative, UKERNA have
pushed through a complementary initiative to
provide a nationwide domestic RD network in
parallel with SupetJANET
UHI Network
AbMAN
This is a UK first ! We have never had a
pervasive RD network before
Clydenet
FaTMAN
EaStMAN
T
T
CNL MAN
NNW
C
T
Glasgow
Edinburgh
NorMAN
S
YHMAN
T
Warrington
Leeds
Potentially any institute can connect to the RD
network, and to access UKLIGHT through it
T
EMMAN
MidMAN
T
EastNet
Reading
T
London
Kentish MAN
TVN
Portsmouth
T
Bristol
LMN
Northern Ireland
S
South Wales MAN
S
London UKLight
T
S
LeNSE
SWERN
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• Early Adopter projects already knocking at the
  door
• ESLEA proof of benefit to
• Radio Astronomy
• Particle physics through GridPP
• High performance computation through RealityGrid
• E-Health through e-DiaMoND
• White rose Grid
• High Performance Monitoring Project
• needs more

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Conclude with a success story in the field of
Computational Science

• Reality Grid performs massive simulations of
  complex molecular dynamics
• ReG won Most innovative Data Intensive
  application award at SC2003 conference recently
  a European ISC 2004 award

• A comprehensive interconnection of HPC machines
  in UK and USA
• Connected by a pre-UKLIGHT network

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The Interconnections Required for the SC2003
challenge in Phoenix 2003
The US TeraGrid Infrastructure
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PByte/sec
20 PBytes/year
Online System
CERN
Experiment
1-10 Gbps
GEANT Network
France Center
ITALY Center
SuperJANET
1-10 Gbps
1-10 Gbps
Institute
Institute
Institute
Institute
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The MBNG Testbed(Managed Bandwidth Next
Generation project
UCL Domain
Manchester Domain
SuperJANET DevelopmentNetwork
Cisco 7609 Routers
High performance servers
Cisco 12000 Carrier class Routers
RAL Domain
1 Gigabit Ethernet 2.5 Gigabit SDH
RAL Domain
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