Prototype Training Course on Water Affairs

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Prototype Training Course on Water Affairs

• Monday-Thursday,
• 4-7 December 2006
• Water Resources University
• Hanoi, Vietnam
• Sponsored by
• World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
• and
• National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)

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REGIONAL TRAINING WORKSHOP ON WATER
AFFAIRS(Hanoi, Viet Nam, 4 to 7 December
2006)Participants (excludes organizers and
Vietnamese participant names)

• BANGLADESH Mr Sazedul Karim Chowdhury
• INDIA Mr Ramesh Gupta
• INDONESIA Mr Basuki Basuki
• LAO, PDR Mr Vinliam Bounlom
• MALAYSIA Ms Atikah Binti Shafie
• Mr Osman Salleh Khairulmaini
• MYANMAR Mr Khin Maung Thein
• NEPAL Mr Keshav P. Sharma
• PAKISTAN Mr Syed Pervaiz Hussain
• PHILIPPINES Mr Wilfredo Tuazon
• SRI LANKA Mr Imiya Pathirannahalage Ajith
  Gunasekara
• THAILAND Mr Masthawee Fatah

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Agenda

• Monday, 4 December
• 900am - 930am Introduction to the Prototype
  Training Course on "Water Affairs" Why Water
  Affairs? Why Now?
• 930am - 1030 am Round Table Introduction of
  Participants
• 1030am - 1100am BREAK
• 1100am 1130pm Introduction to Water Affairs
• 1130am 1215pm Water Science
• 1215pm - 130pm LUNCH
• 130pm - 215pm Water Impacts on Ecosystems
  Managed and Unmanaged
• 215 315 Water Impacts on Society
• 315pm 345pm BREAK
• 345 430 Problem Climates and Problem
  Societies Contributing to the MDGs (Millennium
  Development Goals)
• 430 500PM QA
• Tuesday, 5 December
• 900am 1000am Water Policy and Law
• 1000am - 1100am Water Politics National and
  International
• 1100am - 1130am BREAK

• Wednesday, 6 December
• 830am - 930am Variability and Extremes
• Case Studies I Too Much Water - Flood Management
  
• 930am - 1030am Case Studies II Two Little
  Water Low Rainfall Areas Droughts and Dry Spells
  
• 1030am - 1100am BREAK
• 1100am - 100pm Water and Climate Change
  Tropical Storms, Shifts in Rainfall Patterns,
  Glacier Melt, Seasonality Changes
• 100pm - 200pm LUNCH
• 200pm - 300pm Water Ethics and Equity
  Precautionary Principle, "Polluter Pays"
  Principle, Upstream vs. Downstream
• 300pm - 400pm El Niño, La Niña Forecasts, and
  Downstream Impacts
• 400pm - 430pm BREAK
• 430pm - 515 Geo-engineering for Water
  Resources
• Thursday, 7 December
• 830am - 915am Water Resources and Sustainable
  Development of Water Resources in Dong Nai River
  Basin Rector, Water Resources University
• 915am - 930am Role Management of National
  Hydrologic Services (NHSs)
• 930am - 1030am Socioeconomic Benefits of NHSs
  in Theory and Practice
• 1030am - 1100am BREAK
• 1100am - 1200pm Review of the Water Affairs
  Approach to Training

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• Brief Intro to WATER AFFAIRS

"... in the 21st Century we have to develop an
integrated approach across the disciplines to
understand the complexity of water issues
worldwide. Dr. Rita Colwell, former US NSF
Director
In case after case, the story of water
scarcity has been a story of greed, of careless
technologies, and of taking more than nature can
replenish or clean up. Dr. Vandana Shiva, water
wars, Environmentalist
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Monday, 4 December

• 900 930am
• Introduction to the Prototype Training Course on
  Water Affairs
• Why Water Affairs?
• Why Now?

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Something to think about

• Most people still think of water as abundant and
  renewable.
• It isnt.
• Statistics show
• the opposite to be true.
• P. Allison, Global Water Intelligence

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• Nice phrase

• But, what does it really mean?
• And
• Whats going on upstream?
• Why care?

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Departments of Water Affairs

• South Africa Ministry of Water Affairs and
  Forestry
• Botswana Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water
  Affairs
• Angola Energy and Water Affairs Ministry
• Namibia Department of Water Affairs
• Lesotho Department of Water Affairs

What do African governments know about the
importance of water that others dont?
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The 20th CENTURY'S TOP GLOBAL WEATHER, WATER
and CLIMATE EVENTS NOAAs list (National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)

• Yangtze River Flood, China, 1931 North Vietnam
  Flood, 1971 Great Iran Flood, 1954 Bangladesh
  Cyclone, 1970 Bangladesh Cyclone, 1991 China
  Typhoons, 1912, 1922 Hurricane Mitch, Honduras
  Nicaragua, 1998 Typhoon Vera, Japan, 1958
  Typhoon Thelma, Philippines, 1991 Asian
  Droughts (India 1900,1907,1965-67 China
  1907,1928-30,1936,1941-42 and Soviet Union
  1921-22) Sahel Drought, Africa, 1910-1914,
  1940-44, 1970-85 Iran Blizzard ,1972 Europe
  Storm Surge, 1953 Great Smog of London, 1952
  El Niño, 1982-83
• -- El Niño, 1997-98

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Weather, water and climate stories are
popular news items
Water worldwide use misuse
12
Local weather-related extremes(everywhere and
all the time)
13
Weather extremes can also be useful!
14
Region-wide weather extremes(European Heat Wave
2003)
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India's heatwaveBBC News (Monday, 24 April,
2000)

• Millions of Indians are struggling to cope with
  extreme heat. The people of Gujurat, Rajasthan
  and Maharashtra face severe food and water
  shortages with temperatures expected to exceed
  45C

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Global warming climate, water and weather
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Like it or not Climate, Water and Weather are
integrally linked

• Scientists separate these for
• research purposes
• Societies separate them for administrative
  purposes

Nature does neither
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Monday, 4 December

• 930am 1030am
• RoundTable
• Participant
• Introductions

www.isc-austin.org/
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Monday, 4 December

• 1100am 1130 am
• Water Affairs
• An overview

Water scarcity Yet another inconvenient truth
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Objective of Water Affairs

• Foster multidisciplinary focus on water issues
  and water-related issues
• Embed hydrological science in its societal
  setting
• Educate educators and train trainers in a wide
  range of areas about the hidden as well as
  obvious connections among water, atmospheric
  processes and human activities
• Distinguish between wants and needs
• Build human and institutional capacity to cope
  with a wide range of water and water-related
  issues
• Catalyze interactions among the water, weather
  and climate applications, research and outreach
  communities

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Water Affairs the societal setting

• Precipitation, surface and ground water as
  resources
• Water as hazard
• Inter-linkages among climate, water and weather
• Cannot talk about climate without talking about
  water
• Cannot talk about water without talking about
  climate or weather

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Water Affairs as a Program(the purpose)

• Encourage education on water and water-related
  issues for educators, trainers and their students
  and for people in water-sensitive sectors already
  in the workforce
• Understand how climate affects water resources
• Understand how society affects water resources
• Understand how water affects societies
• Bridge the water and climate research and science
  application communities
• Bridge research communities focused on climate
  variability and on climate change

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Water Affairs Why now?

• Water Issues
• increasingly important to regional
  organizations, governments, the public
• Perceptions and reality of water availability
• water resources are becoming more scarce around
  the globe many people in the developing world do
  not have access to clean (potable) water
• concerns about water-related hotspots
• Global Warming and the hydrologic cycle
• looming throughout the 21st century where will
  it get drier and where will it get wetter? Where
  will there be surplus and where will there be
  shortages?

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Tactical Reasons for Societal Concern about Water

• Droughts, Floods and Forest Bush fires
• Cyclones, Typhoons, Hurricanes and Landfall
• Existing inequalities in access to clean water
• Water-related Infectious Diseases
• Global Warming and shifting local and regional
  water patterns
• Seasonal and Extremes

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Strategic Reasons for Societal Concern about
Water

• Food Production Security
• Flood recession farming
• Groundwater and boreholes
• Water Resources
• For settlements
• For drinking
• for industrial and municipal use
• for irrigation and for hydropower
• Water Hazards
• Rainfall and water- and vector-borne diseases
• Flooding and Public Safety
• Economic impacts associated with floods
• Environment salt water intrusion, groundwater
  recharge

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Climate Change Impacts on the United States,
USGCRP, 2000
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Four aspects of concern about water
timing
quality
space
and seasonality
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Water Affairs the time dimension

• Water Variability
• (daily, seasonal to inter-annual)
• Water Fluctuations
• (decade scale variability)
• Water Change
• (new global atmoshperic/hydrological state)
• Extreme Hydrologic Events
• (torrential rains, flash floods, floods)
• Seasonality of Water
• (shift in seasonal precipitation,
  streamflow and runoff patterns, and in societal
  demands)

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Seasonality in the Media Headlines
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Bringing water to the people in the desert
(e.g., Central Asia)
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Water Affairs the space dimension

• Rivers and Streams
• Lakes, seas and inland water bodies
• Aquifers
• River basins
• within country
• between countries
• Transboundary watercourses
• Upstream - Downstream issues
• Continental water balance
• Global hydrologic cycle
• Move people to water or move water to people?

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Yellow River Turns Red In Northwest China
(October 23, 2006)

• Beijing (Xinhua News)
• A stretch of China's Yellow River has turned red
  near a major industrial city, with environmental
  officials suspecting local heating companies of
  being behind the spill... A one-kilometer (0.62
  miles) section of the river in Lanzhou city, in
  northwest China's Gansu province, began turning
  red on Sunday afternoon.

TerraDaily
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Water Affairs the quality dimension

• Sources of toxic substances
• Recipients of toxic substances
• Impacts on
• Ecological health
• Human health
• Precautionary Principle
• Transboundary conflicts

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How climate affects timing, location and quality
of water

• Expected variability
• Seasonal
• Inter-annual
• Decade scale changes
• e.g., Colorado River (1922 to present)
• Extreme meteorological events
• Changes in seasonal behavior
• Droughts and floods
• High temperatures
• Increased evaporation
• Increased water demands

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Water Affairs Aspects
WATER

• Water, Weather Climate Sciences
• Water Impacts
• On ecosystems
• On societies
• Water Policy Law
• Water Politics
• Water Economics
• Water Technology Technique
• Water Ethics Equity

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Monday, 4 December

• 1130am 1215pm
• Water Science
• The Hydrologic Cycle
• Seasonality

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Monday, 4 December

• 130pm 215pm
• Water Impacts on Ecosystems
• Managed
• Unmanaged

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Monday, 4 December

• 215pm 315pm
• Water Impacts
• on Society
• The hydrologic cycle reconsidered

Are there Human impacts on the hydrologic cycle??
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Monday, 4 December

• 345pm 430pm
• Problem Climate or Problem Societies?
• Contributing to Millennium Development
• Goals (MDGs)

Haze from Indonesian rainforest fires, 97
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Monday, 4 December

• 430pm 500pm
• QA
• (Questions and Answers)

Amazon.com
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Tuesday, 5 December

• 900am 1000am
• Water Policy Law

www.inra.org
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Tuesday, 5 December

• 1000am 1100am
• Water Politics
• National and International

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Tuesday, 5 December

• 1130am 1230pm
• Water Economics
• Virtual Water
• Benefit/Cost

Water flows uphill to money (anonymous)
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Tuesday, 5 December

• 730pm 930pm
• Evening Session
• Participants Country Presentations

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How good are Forecasts? Riding the Variability
Curves

• The benefits in the form of gains or in
  minimizing losses can be improved if it were
  possible to ride the variability curve from
  season to season or year to year.
• By that I mean a perfect forecast would allow
  people to prepare well in advance for shifts in
  climate conditions, lowering stock rates on
  rangelands, planting appropriate grains (short,
  long season or drought tolerant varieties),
  altering seasonal fishing pressure of fish
  stocks, manufacturing clothing in proper amounts
  based on expected seasonal anomalies, and so
  forth.
• Is a perfect forecast what you want?
• If so, for whom?

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Wednesday, 6 December

• 830am 930am
• Variability and Extremes
• Case Studies I
• Too Much Water
• Flood Management

www.wmo.ch/disasters/downloads/kobe/parts/JMA.jpg
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Wednesday, 6 December

• 930am 1030am
• Case Studies II
• Too Little Water
• Low Rainfall Areas
• Droughts and Dry Spells

drought
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http//www.ec.gc.ca/water/images/nature/clim/a9f5e
.htm
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Wednesday, 6 December

• 1100am 100pm
• Water and Climate Change
• Tropical Storms
• Shifts in Rainfall Patterns
• Glacier Melt
• Seasonality Changes

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Wednesday, 6 December

• 200pm 300pm
• Water Ethics and Equity
• Precautionary Principle
• Polluter Pays Principle
• Upstream vs. Downstream
• Natures Bank
• Water as a Human Right

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Wednesday, 6 December

• 300pm 400pm
• El Niño La Niña Forecasts, and Downstream
  Impacts

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Wednesday, 6 December

• 430pm 515pm
• Geo-Engineering for Water Resources

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Thursday, 7 December

• 830am 915am
• Water Resources and Sustainable Development of
  Water Resources in Dong Nai River Basin

• Presentation by Prof. Dao Xuan Hoc, Rector
• Water Resources University (Hanoi, Vietnam)

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Thursday, 7 December

• 915am 930am
• Role and Management of National Hydrologic
  Services (NHSs)

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Thursday, 7 December

• 930am 1030am
• Socioeconomic Benefits of National Hydrdologic
  Services (NHSs)
• in Theory and in Practice

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Water Affairs review Notes
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Thursday, 7 December

• 1100am 1200pm
• Review and Q A
• Water Affairs as an Approach to Training,
  Education and Awareness-raising
• on water, climate and weather issues
• of concern to societies now and in the future

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Thursday, 7 December

• 130pm 500pm
• Site Visit for Water
• Irrigation
• Dams and Reservoirs
• River Diversion
• Dyke Systems

Dam construction. Vietnam