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Economic Development and Women Employment In EGYPT

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Title: Economic Development and Women Employment In EGYPT


1
Economic Development and Women
EmploymentIn EGYPT
  • Prepared by
  • Mrs.Reda Marzouk Abu Ali
  • General Director in Vocational Training
  • And Human Resources Development Sector
  • Ministry of Manpower and Migration
  • Sept 2009

2
Women in incient Egypt
  • Egypt is one of the developing country that has a
    long history during which a lot of concern was
    given to women and women issues .
  • During pharonic time the presence of women was
    obvious and highly appreciated by even men
    especially kings and rulers who were concern to
    involve women in state administration and
    handling conflicts .
  • More than one choices were given to women to
    become queen and ruler.
  • I'm going to mention some of them for instance
    such as Nefertari and Cleopatra who were known to
    be clever patient, broad minded and diplomatic in
    handling wars and conflicts .

3
Women in Islamic time in Egypt
  • When Islam came women were not neglected, more
    choices were given for women to share with men
    the responsibility, participate in wars and in
    socio-economic development and I
    mention here some names of these ideal ladies
    such as Lady Khadijah, Lady Ayshah and others .

4
Women always on highly consideration in Egypt
  • During last decades Egypt never neglected women
    rights in education, training and participation
    in work force and accordingly contribution in
    socio-economic development and also
    policy .
  • Women support and encouragement is a necessity to
    achieve comprehensive development, therefore the
    government adopted nurmous initiatives and
    policies to overcome all discrimination against
    women, such as -

5
  • Establishing the national council for women and
    the National Council for Childhood and Motherhood
    for the aim to support women participation in the
    development process, also modification of the
    Egyptian Nationality Law to ensure equality
    between who born of Egyptian father and who born
    of Egyptian mother to get Egyptian nationality
    with no condition or restriction .
  • Law was issued for establishing family court
    securing Egyptian family in general and Egyptian
    women in private and to speed up resolution in
    cases related to family, in addition, law No (11)
    for year 2004 was issued to establish family
    insurance system to ensure that the Egyptian
    women gets outlay through channel which financial
    resources can be arranged systematically and
    settlement, this is of course will secure family
    .
  • All these initiatives and successes have been
    crowned by issuing republican decree for
    nomination of 30 female judges for the first
    time in Egypt to be one of the miracles in the
    development process in Egypt.

6
Women support in the Economic Development
  • Increase employment vacancies for women in
    private sector
  • Provide (600) thousands jobs for women in the
    coming ten years, within the frame of civil
    community organizations activities, especially in
    the field of pre-school education, health and
    social work .
  • Establish public houses for poor working mothers
    children's welfare, increasing chances to get
    assurance, providing chances for promotion for
    those who are working in nursery and social
    services .

7
Women support in the Economic Development
  • No gender discrimination in education and
    training .
  • Ensuring legal rights for women in ownership and
    inheritance facilitating lawful procedures in
    field of personal cases .
  • Increasing political participation and
    representation through awareness campaign and
    supporting nominee in elections at all levels .
  • Providing health services in particular for women
    needs , face all the culture restrictions that
    obstacle obtaining medical assistance .

8
  • Enabling women to make decision specialized with
    birth control through awareness campaigns to
    affect behavior and situations, and through
    methods which women can get bells easily and free
    of charge .
  • In addition to what prementioned the plan adopts
    several guidance's and policies to revitalize
    women participation in small projects through
    the following -
  • Vitilizing the role of Social Fund for
    Development to in crease choices for women to
    make use of loans offered by the fund through
    Small Projects Development Authority .

9
Important projects in the development plan to
revive Egyptian women
  • In Education
  • Establishing training centers for female teachers
    in elementary education .
  • Establishing secondary ,agricultural, industrial
    schools .
  • Renovating industrial schools .

10
  • In Health
  • Mobile clinics for health care and drugs
    treatment .
  • Clinics for none-working women in health
    insurance hospitals .
  • Providing medical centers with devices to
    discover breast cancer and orthopedic diseases .
  • Women health centers .

11
  • In Social Welfare
  • Ladies Clubs .
  • Elderly Houses .
  • Welfare houses for handicapped .
  • Full service corporation for women

12
  • In Employment and Human Resources Development
  • Equipped training communities for women in all
    fields ( vocational training , combating
    eletracy, computer ) .
  • Equipped training centers and developing women
    in rural areas .
  • Project for training women to establish small
    projects .
  • Granting small loans for poor women to set up
    small projects .
  • Expand family producers centers to train women.

13
  • In Environmental Development
  • Purchasing equipments and machines to get red of
    dangerous wastes .
  • Establishing factories to recycle waste materials
    .

14
Supporting women participation in the Economics
  • Women participation in work .
  • Women participation in investment .
  • The effect on growth and productivity .
  • Provide safe working environment .
  • Reduction of unemployment .
  • Encouraging women entrance to new fields of work
  • Encouraging women participation in managing
    small project and in obtaining loans to run these
    projects .

15
Supporting women participation in politics
  • The Egyptian party is encouraging women
    participation in politics-evidence for that is
    the nomination of (20) of the females as
    minimum on the parties units .
  • A lot of concern was given to train these cadres
    to be ready for elections .
  • More than that the expansion of women
    participation and its sustainability .
  • Evidence for that is the specialization of (64)
    seats for women in the par-lament (minimum)
    through elections .

16
New Norms for women participation
  • In Education
  • She is a Teacher University Professor
    Faculty Dean Career Counselor Social Worker
    Psychologist ..ect .
  • In Medicine
  • She is a Doctor Nurse Patient Representative
    X ray Tech ..ect .
  • In Administration
  • She is a General Director Manager Under
    Secretary Prime Minister Advisor Minister
    Judge .
  • In Politics
  • She is a Ambassador Labour - Consultants

17
Legislations Rulesconcerning women's
employment (EGYPT 2009)
18
  • Ministerial Decree No 183 for year 2003
    concerning organization of night work for women
  • In the first article it is stated that women are
    not allowed to work between 7.00 P.M until 7.00
    A.M.
  • In the third article it is stated that in case
    where women are allowed to work night shifts
    employer should provide all grantees for
    protection and welfare, transportation and
    security for women working at night who are
    permitted to work night shift from Manpower
    Directorate after making sure of providing all
    grantees and conditions that prementioned before
    .

19
  • In the second section of labour law No 12 for
    year 2003 related to Women Employment
  • Article No 88 All rules for workers employment
    should be applied for also women employed in
    equal circumstances with no discrimination .
  • Article No 89 Specialized minister issues
    decree for determination cases, works, occasions
    that women are allowed to work between 700 P.M
    and 700 A.M
  • Article No 90 Specialized minister issues
    decree to determine business that can cause harm
    to women either in health or in manner also
    businesses that women are not allowed to work .

20
  • Article No 91 Female worker who completed (10)
    months or more in service has the right for
    maternity leave for ninety days with compensation
    equal to whole wage in clouding time before and
    after giving birth, she should provide medical
    certificate stating date of giving birth . It is
    not allowed to employ Female worker during (45)
    days following giving birth . She is eligible for
    maternity leave tow ice during her whole service
    .
  • Article No 93 Female worker has the right to
    breast feed her baby for (24) months a part
    from her break tow times during the days half
    an hour for each and she can accumulate to get
    one hour per day without any deduction of her
    salary .

21
  • Article No 94 Female worker has the right for
    unpaid leave to look after her child for two
    years tow ice during her whole service
  • Article No 96 Employer who employs (100) Female
    workers and more in one place should establish
    Kindergarten or use Kindergarten to look after
    workers children's .

22
  • Ministerial Decree No 155 for year 2003
    concerning identification of businesses are not
    allowed for women
  • Minister of Manpower and Migration
  • After reviewing article No(90) of Labour Law No
    (12) for 2003 .
  • International conventions which Egypt approved
    relating women work .
  • Decided
  • First Articale
  • Women are not allowed to work in the following
    fields
  • Al Coholic Beverages industries .
  • In minars .
  • Fertilizers industries .
  • Welding .
  • Coal industries .
  • And about (25) others that can cause harm to
    women .

23
  • Law No 12 for year 1996
  • second section welfare for working mother
  • Article No 70 Women's right for paid maternity
    leave for 3 months after giving birth , she has
    the right to get that leave for 3 times during
    her whole service .
  • Working hours per day reduced by one hour
    starting month six of her pregnancy. It is not
    allowed for women to work additional hours during
    pregnancy until six months from date of giving
    birth .
  • Article No 71 Female worker who is breast
    feeding her baby for two years following date of
    giving birth a part from her regular break
    has right for two other breaks, half an hour each
    or one hour per day without any deduction of her
    salary

24
  • Article No 72 Working female has the right to
    obtain unpaid leave for two years to look after
    her baby for three times during her whole
    service.
  • Execption of social insurance law her
    organization is responsible to pay her insurance
    part or she is granted compensation equal to 25
    of her salary according to her desire .
  • Article No 73 Employer who employs 100 working
    female or more in one place should establish
    kindergarten or utilize other kindergarten in
    other place for working women's children
    according to rules and executive regulations .

25
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