Communication Strategies, Foreigner Talk, and Repair in Interlanguage Tarones framework

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Communication Strategies, Foreigner Talk, and
Repair in Interlanguage (Tarones framework)
Researchers may be able to agree that certain
observable phenomena occur in interlanguage (IL)
communication,
BUT they may place those data within different
conceptual frameworks
To understand the way varied researchers dealt
with these three things (CS, FT, RI), -
necessary to be able to distinguish

• The observable phenomena

• The conceptual framework used to think about
  the phenomena

• Terminology used to talk about the framework

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NB We need to be very clear about the
distinction between
Strategies of language use(includes CS)
Language learning strategies
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Strategies of Language Use
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Language Learning Strategy
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What is Foreigner Talk (FT) (Hatch, 79)?
It is an aspect of input (not the only one) that
promotes (?)comprehension or learning
Specifically, FT tends to embody slower speech,
longer pauses, use of high frequency words, left
dislocation of topics.
So what is the difference between FT and CS?
Foreigner talk is defined linguistically and is
one way
Communication strategies are defined
functionally, and are two way.
Foreigner talk can be a production strategy or a
communication strategy depending on
interlocutors purpose. FT vs learning?
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Foreigner talk Table 2
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Foreigner talk Table 2 (part 2)
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Repair and strategic competence
Repair is defined as a strategy for achieving
understandingwhen there is some kind of
breakdown or trouble (or anticipated)
Repair seems to be a communication strategy but
Other researchers have used the term in a
different conceptual framework to analyze the
same phenomena (e.g. Schegloff).
Fathman (1980) provides a typology of repairs.
Are they all communication strategies?
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Communication skills relate to negotiation of
referential or sociolinguistic meaning. CS seek
to better transmit intended meaning.
Repair broadly includes a focus on form and/or
meaning and often relates to linguistic features.
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To summarize
Communication Strategies, Foreigner Talk and
Repair all focus on similar areas, but research
in each area embodies different theoretical
frameworks.
Communication Strategies are functional
Foreigner Talk incorporates linguistic and
discoursal analysis of L1 input to L2.
Repair can relate to a) discoursal rules of who
corrects whom b) correction of both linguistic
form and intended meaning