STATUS OF BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTHCARE FACILITY WASTE

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STATUS OF BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTHCARE FACILITY WASTE

• BUTI MATHEBULA
• DEAT

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INTRODUCTION

• DISPOSAL
• ILLEGAL DUMPING
• SLAVENGERS
• RECYCLERS
• PUBLIC SECURITY AND ORDER
• INCINERATION
• SECONDARY POLLUTION
• HUMAN HEALTH
• ENVIRONMENT
• PUBLIC SECURITY AND ORDER
• MANAGEMENT BY GENERATORS

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BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH CARE WASTE

• Healthcare Medical activities such as
  diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, prevention of
  disease or alleviation of handicap in humans or
  animals, including related research, performed
  under the supervision of a medical practitioner
  or veterinary surgeon or another person
  authorised by virtue of their professional
  qualifications

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BIOMEDICAL HCW

• Biomedical and Healthcare Waste The solid or
  liquid waste arising from healthcare (including
  collected gaseous waste).
• Hazardous Healthcare Waste
• Infectious healthcare waste
• Chemical, toxic or pharmaceutical waste including
  cytotoxic drugs (antineoplastics)
• Sharps (e.g. needles, scalpels)
• Radioactive waste
• Other hazardous waste

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BIOMEDICAL HCW

• Infectious Healthcare Waste
• Discarded materials or equipment contaminated
  with blood and its derivatives, other body fluids
  or excreta from infected patients with hazardous
  communicable diseases
• Contaminated waste from patients known to have
  blood borne infections undergoing haemodialysis
• Laboratory waste incl. dishes and devices used to
  transfer, inoculate and mix cultures of
  infectious agents and infected animals from
  laboratories).

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INFECTIOUS

• Biological Healthcare Waste
• All body parts and other anatomical waste
  including blood and biological fluids and
  pathological waste that are recognisable by the
  public or the healthcare staff and that demand,
  for ethical reasons, special disposal
  requirements.
• Sharps
• All biomedical and healthcare waste with sharps
  or pointed parts able to cause an injury or an
  invasion of the skin barrier in the human body.
  Sharps from infected patients with hazardous
  communicable diseases, isolated wards, or other
  pointed parts contaminated with above mentioned
  laboratory waste must be categorised as
  infectious waste.

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TYPES OF HAZARDS

• HAZARD CHARECTARISTICS CAN HAVE THE FOLLOWING
  PROPERTIES
• it contains infectious agents, incl. contaminated
  sharps
• it is cyto or genotoxic
• it contains toxic or hazardous chemicals or
  pharmaceuticals
• it is radioactive
• contains sharps.

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PERSONS AT RISK

• The main groups at risk are the following
• Doctors, nurses, ambulance staff and hospital
  sweepers
• Patients in healthcare establishments or under
  home care
• Workers in support services to healthcare
  establishments, such as laundries, waste handling
  and transportation, and waste disposal facilities
  including incinerators other persons separating
  and recovering materials from waste.
• Inappropriate and/or inadvertent end users such
  as slavengers and customers in Secondary markets
  for re-use
• Home care including home dialysis,

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HAZARDS

• INFECTIUOS WASTE
• SHARPS
• CHEMICALS
• PHARMACEUTICAL WASTE
• CYTOTOXIC WASTE
• RADIO ACTIVE WASTE

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SOURCE IDENTIFICATION

• LARGE SOURCES
• University hospitals and clinics
• General hospitals
• Maternity hospitals and clinics
• Abbotoirs
•  

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MEDIUM SOURCE

• Medical centres
• Medical laboratories
• Out-patient clinics
• Medical research facilities
• Mortuary/autopsy facilities
• Animal hospitals
• Farm and equine centres
• Blood banks and transfusion centres
• Hospices Emergency services
• Abortion clinics 

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SMALL SOURCES

• General medical practitioners
• Tattooists Convalescent homes
• Acupuncturists
• Nursing and remedial homes
• Veterinary Practitioners
• Medical consulting rooms
• Pharmacies Dental Practitioners
• Cosmetic piercers
• Animal boarding and hunt kennels
• Zoo, safari parks,

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PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED

• generation and minimisation
• source separation and segregation
• identification and classification
• handling and storage
• packaging and labelling
• transportation inside and outside of healthcare
  establishments
• treatment
• disposal of residues (including emissions)

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PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED

• occupational health and safety public and
  environmental health
• stakeholder and community awareness and
  education
• research and development into improved
  technologies and environmentally friendly
  practices.

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SA SITUATION

• HEALTH CARE FACILITY
• INCINERATION
• TREATMENT/NO TREATMENT
• DISPOSAL
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SOLUTIONS

• legislatory framework
• Standards and norms
• APPA review
• Regulatory framework
• Health Act
• ECA
• Manifest System
• Co-governance Bilaterals

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EXPECTATIONS

• DEAT
• STANDARDS AND NORMS
• DoH
• MINIMISATION
• SORTING
• CAPACITY BUILDING
• STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION
• PACKGING AND LABELLING
• RECYCLING
• TREATMENT OPTIONS

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EXPECTATIONS

• DoH
• CAPACITY BUILDING AND TRAINING
• REGISTRATION OF GENERATORS
• WASTE MANAGEMENT AUDITS
• NDA
• DoL
• DoT
• DTI

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WAY FOWARD

• DEAT DoH
• PILOT PROJECTS
• Desk top study
• Existing treatment options
• Assesment of management techniques
• Waste audits
• Registration mechanism of generators
• Capacity building needs
• Treatment options
• Product substitution
• Product stewardship

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CONCLUSIONS

• NP
• NW/MPU
• EC
• Constraints
• Manpower
• Budget(Estimated at R3m) for entire pilot project
  country wide
• Thank You