The Use of ICT Indicators for Monitoring ICT Development: Thailand Experiences

1
The Use of ICT Indicators for Monitoring ICT
Development  Thailand Experiences
presented byChadamas ThuvasethakulNECTECTha
iland
2
Why do we need ICT indicators?

• The need to have information/indeces to monitor
  the progress of ICT Master Plan implementation
• The need to have indeces that are conformed to
  international standards to compare and benchmark
  with others (such as GCI, NRI, DAI etc.)
• The need to unify ICT indicators which have been
  scatterred so that they can be used in policy
  decision making on a continual basis (Prime
  Ministers initiative on the Operation Center
  PMOC, MOC, DOC)
• GCI Global Competitiveness Index (World
  Economic Forum) NRI Network Readiness Index
  (World Economic Forum)DAI Digital Access Index
  (International Telecommunication Union)

3
What kinds of indicators are we looking for to
assess the Information Society ?

• Internationally-harmonized
• Statistical / measurement tools that are
• Simple to use
• Broadly cover diverse environment
• Sufficiently balanced (i.e., covers
  social/economic, supply side/demand side, etc.)
• Sensitive enough to reflect differences between
  societies

4
UNCTAD 2002
Strategy Divide between Developed and Developing
Countries

• Basic Telecommunications
• Basic Access to the Internet
• Human Capacity Building
• Affordable Access Devices (PCs, PDA)
• National ICT Policy and Plan
• Threat of Liberalization
• Appropriate Software (Legal, compact, low cost)
• Local Language enabled on Computers
• Creation of Local Contents
• Portal Sites
• e-Government -- Government Facilitation
• Standards in manufacturing, safety, health
• IT-Laws (e-Transaction, e-Signature, Computer
  Crime, Data Protection, anti-spam)
• Security -- Information/System/Network
• Authentication and Certification, PKI
• Broadband Access (Corporate, home)
• IT-Manpower development
• Regional Networking Collaboration
• Opportunities from Liberalization and
  Regionalization

Concerns of developing countries and
LDC Concerns of developed countries And
industrial leaders
Introducing A Spectrum of 25 e-Strategies
5
A fully developed Information Society
0
100
Source UNCTADE-Commerce and Development Report
2003
6
A highly developed I.S.
0
100
Source UNCTADE-Commerce and Development Report
2003
7
A developing society
0
100
Source UNCTADE-Commerce and Development Report
2003
8
Analyzing WSIS Plan of Actions - Indicators
9
WSIS Plan of Actions - Indicators

• Top strategies in the plan
• Basic Access to the Internet (21)
• Human Capacity Building (19)
• IT Manpower Development (19)
• Security (13)
• Opportunities from Liberalization and
  Regionalization (12)

10
UNCTAD 2002
Strategy Divide between Developed and Developing
Countries

• Basic Telecommunications
• Basic Access to the Internet
• Human Capacity Building
• Affordable Access Devices (PCs, PDA)
• National ICT Policy and Plan
• Threat of Liberalization
• Appropriate Software (Legal, compact, low cost)
• Local Language enabled on Computers
• Creation of Local Contents
• Portal Sites
• e-Government -- Government Facilitation
• Standards in manufacturing, safety, health
• IT-Laws (e-Transaction, e-Signature, Computer
  Crime, Data Protection, anti-spam)
• Security -- Information/System/Network
• Authentication and Certification, PKI
• Broadband Access (Corporate, home)
• IT-Manpower development
• Regional Networking Collaboration
• Opportunities from Liberalization and
  Regionalization

Concerns of developing countries and
LDC Concerns of developed countries And
industrial leaders
21
19
19
13
12
11
National NeedsMonitoring the progress ofICT
Master Plan implementation
12
Strategies in the ICT Master Plan

4. Raise potential infrastructure for future
Competitiveness
7. E-Government
??????
1. Promotionof Thai ICT Industry
6. ICT for SMEs
2. ICT for better Quality of Life
5. Develop entrepreneurships towards export
expansion
13
Indicators to Assess Overall Success of the
Master Plan

• (1) Index of the ICT contribution to the economy
  e. g. ICT Growth, Employment
• (2) Index of the competitiveness of the
  country's ICT industry such as ratio of ICT
  expenditures to GDP, share of Thai software
  industry in the world market
• (3) Index of role of ICT in community development
  e.g. value of local content, amount of local
  traffic in relation to total Internet access, the
  increase in Thai-content Web pages
• (4) Index of role of ICT in human resource
  development such as the use of e-learning, and
  availability of ICT tools and experts in both
  formal and non-formal education

14
Strategy 1 Promotion of Thai ICT Industry

• Number of qualified researchers, software
  developers, and certified professional developers
• Total value of government IT projects in which
  Thai entrepreneurs are involved
• Government's IT budget (for both hardware and
  software)
• Expansion of software market in the country
• Total value of exported software
• Total value of exported ICT products
• Ratio of domestic software development and
  open-source software systems to total value of
  software market in each year
• Increase in number of software developers and
  market capitalization
• Decrease in imported software
• Etc.

(Examples for other strategies, consult chapter
7, ICT Master Plan)
15
Unified ICT Indicators Project

• Has the objective to develop a comprehensive ICT
  indicators database that allow for an assessment
  of the countrys progress on many aspects of the
  information society. The project also aims to
  set up a systematic mechanism in collecting,
  analyzing, and disseminating a core list of ICT
  indicators on a continual basis.
• These indicators to be put on-line at MICT
  Operations Center and the Prime Minister
  Operations Center, to help in policy decision
  process

16
Making Indicators available

• A working team - partnership between NECTEC,
  Ministry of Science and Technology and NSO,
  Ministry of Information and Communication
  Technology since August 2003.
• Collaboration with others including -National
  Economic and Social Development Board, Ministry
  of Education, TOT Corporation, CAT Telecom etc.

17
Methodologies

• Review existing lists of ICT indicators, such as,
  OECD, ASEAN e-readiness, UNCTAD, ICT Master Plan,
  etc..
• Holding consultative sessions.. 133 are
  identified to be included in the core list
• 133 indicators divided into 9 categories

18
Methodologies (2)

• 9 categories
• ICT human resources (30)
• ICT Market (28)
• Internet (22)
• ICT use in the government (20)
• Telecommunications (10)
• E-Commerce (9)
• ICT RD and patents (7)
• General macroeconomic indeces (6)
• Broadcasting (1)

19
Methodologies (3)

• Of 133 indicators, 94 has clear definition, or
  can assume a proxy/proxies for that particular
  indicator, whereas 39 does not have either clear
  definition, available indeces, and agengies that
  are responsible
• Of 94, only 63 has data available or can
  reasonable assume proxy/proxies

20
Making Indicators available

• Staged approach
• Start with the existing data
• Add data which can be derived or calculated from
  existing data
• Conduct new surveys for the indicators which we
  have never collected before (started in 2001,
  full scale in 2004)
• Further research for suitable indicators and
  methodology

21
Thailand ICT Indicators 2003-2004
Thailand ICT Indicator Series I(October 2003)
Thailand ICT Indicator 2005(February 2005)
ICT UptakeThailand in the Information
Age(July 2004)
Presented ICT indicators in 9 areas
presented ICT indicators in 9 areas
1. Telecommunications 2. Internet 3.
Broadcasting 4. e-Commerce 5. ICT Market/Industry
6. ICT Human Resource 7. ICT in Government
Sector 8. RD Patents 9. Regulatory Framework
1. Telecommunications 2. Internet 3.
Broadcasting 4. e-Commerce 5. ICT Market/Industry
6. ICT Human Resource 7. ICT in Government
Sector 8. R D 9. Computer Usage
22
Data/Information Contributions Received
Government
Private

• NSO
• NESDB
• BOT
• Dept. of Business Trade, Min. of Commerce
• Office of the Comptroller General
• National Research Council of Thailand
• Ministry of Education
• NECTEC

• TOT
• CAT Telecom
• SET
• ATCI
• ATSI
• ISP
• The Information Network Association
• Business Software Alliance (BSA)

23
International Cooperation on ICT Indicators
NECTEC has cooperated with the Center of the
International Cooperation for Computerization
(CICC), Japan to organize The Third Asian Forum
for Information Technology (October 2004)
24
ASEAN Core List of ICT Indicators

• Thailand has been active in cooperation within
  ASEAN under ASEAN TelMin/TelSOM to develop a core
  list of ICT indicators (already endorsed by
  TelMIN) as follows
• Infrastucture (13, 2)
• Trade (5, 0)
• Qualifications (5, 1)
• The ICT sector (11, 4)
• Businesss readiness and use of ICT (12, 2)
• E-Government (12, 4)
• Households and individuals readiness and use of
  ICT (4, 5)
• Use of ICTs in schools (0, 2)
• Patents (0, 3)
• Total approx. 62 core indicators and 23 suppl.
  indicators

25
Challenges Lessons Learned

• Data availability scattered data in various
  agencies, differing frequency, differing
  definitions ? consultation and consensus needed
  to develop a common understanding
• Need to increase awareness and recognition of the
  importance of ICT indicators ? have to convince
  them that some can be used as their KPI
  measures..top-down endorsement at the
  policy-level may also be needed

26
Challenges Lessons Learned

• Need to increase awareness and recognition of the
  importance of ICT indicators among general public
  and industry so that they are willing to
  cooperate in the process to develop the
  indicators
• Determining the core list is an essential step in
  order to capture a full coverage of ICT
  development within the country. Each indicator
  should have a clear purpose and relate to
  information needed for policy decision
• Capacity building of personnel as well as
  international collaboration remains the key in
  this endeavor.

27
Future Plan

• Study to conceptualize and collect indicators to
  monitor the impact of ICT to the economy, e.g.,
• Contribution of value added in the ICT sector to
  total business sector value added
• Contribution of employment in the ICT sector to
  total business sector employment
• Contribution of production value in the ICT
  sector to total business sector production value
• Contribution of revenue in the ICT sector to
  total business sector revenue
• Growth of revenue in the ICT sector,
• Etc.

28
Thank Youchadamas_at_nectec.or.th
29
Selected Indicators
30
?????????????
(Diffusion)
Computer
Mobilephone
??
Internet
ICTs
TV Radio
31
Percentage of Households with Television/Radio
32
Number of Fixed Lines per 100 Inhabitants
(1999-2004)
33
Number of Fixed Lines per 100 Inhabitants by
Location (1999-2004)
Lines
Year
34
Number of Mobile Phone Users (2000-2004)
35
Percentage of Households with Computers
(2001-2004)
36
Internet Penetration by Location (2001-2004)
37
Number of Internet Users (1998-2004)
38
?????????
(Usage)
e-Government
e-Commerce
e-Education
39
Percentage of Establishments with ICTs by Size
(2003)
40
Percentage of Business Establishments with
Internet Access by Economic Activities (2003)
of establishments
41
??????????????????
HR and RD
42
ICT Workforce (2001-2003)
43
RD Personnel in ICT Field (1996-2001)
44
e-Commerce Transaction Value (2003)
45
Government Budget on Computer Equipment(1998-2004
)
46
Number of Government Web Sites by Type of Online
Services (2004)
47
Government e-Auction by Value (2002-2004)
48
ICT RD Researchers by Sector (2001)
49
National RD Expenditures (1991-2001)
50
Distribution of ICT RD Expenditures by
Sector(1996-2001)
51
??????????????????????????????????

• ??????????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????? ????????
  ???????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????????? ICT
• ??????????????/?????? ????????????????????????????
  ???????????

52
???????????????????

• ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????????????????? ICT
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
• ???????????????????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????????????????????????????

53
???????????????????????????????/????????????? ICT

• ???...
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??? ?????? ???????????????
• ???????????? ?????????????????????????????????????
  ????????? ??????????????????????????? ICT
• ???????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????????/???????????????
  ??????????????????????????
• ???????????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????

54
????????????????????????????????????????www.nect
ec.or.th/pld/
- Thailand ICT Indicators 2005-
????????????????????????????????????????????????
?? 2543-2547- ICT Uptake 2004 Thailand in the
Information Age- Thailand ICT Indicators Series
I (2003-2004)
55
WSIS Plan of Action Indicators

• Basic Telecommunications (4)
• -          Teledensity
• -          Number of ICT backbone providers
• -          Full capacity of backbone system of
  data transmission
• -          Traffic level (Gbps) at peak times
  that each Internet Exchange Points can support

56
WSIS Plan of Action Indicators

• Basic Access to the Internet (21)
• -          Number of computer users by gender,
  age, education, income
• -          Number of Internet users by gender,
  age, education, income
• -          Number of households with a computer
• -          Number of households with Internet
  access
• -          Number of public Internet access
• -          Number of districts with telecenter
• -          Number of district with Websites
• -          Number of communities that can apply
  ICT to their local economy
• -          High-speed Internet access penetration
• -          Number of PCs in rural areas
• -          Number of local communities with
  Websites
• -          Expenditure on research and
  development in ICT infrastructure and
  applications
• -          Number of schools with computer and
  Internet access
• -          Number of schools with Websites
• -          Number of students per computer
• -          Average number of connected computers
  in each school
• -          Number of schools with ICT
  implementation plan

57
WSIS Plan of Action Indicators

• Affordable Access Devices (5)
• -          Number of locally assembled lower-cost
  PCs
• -          Ratio of locally assembled PCs usage
• -          Expenditure on research and
  development in affordable ICT equipment
• -          Presence of research on non-text based
  computer interfaces
• -          Expenditure on research and
  development in ICT accessibility for
  disadvantaged groups

58
WSIS Plan of Action - Indicators

• Human Capacity Building (19)
• -          Number of ICT based lessons in the
  curriculum relative to the overall curriculum
  time for the subject
• -          Percentage of educational content
  covered by ICT based instructional materials
• -          Number of ICT training courses for
  teachers
• -          Number of teachers with IT access and
  utilizing IT as educational tools
• -          Number of ICT related curriculums in
  universities
• -          Percentage of ICT management courses
• -          Number of schools with Websites
  produced by students
• -          Number of students who demonstrate
  only basic ICT skills
• -          Number of students who demonstrate
  advanced ICT skills
• -          Number of hours per week for ICT-aided
  instruction
• -          Number of people receiving ICT
  training courses from the Ministry of Labor
• -          Number of online courses
• -          Number of ICT related curriculum for
  distance learning
• -          Number of workers who graduated from
  ICT distance learning programmes
• -          Number of universities that have ICT
  programmes link with international educational
  institutions
• -          Number of ICT training course with
  international cooperation
• -          Number of volunteer programmes on ICT
  training
• -          Number of ICT related
  Train-the-trainer programmes

59
Coming Up

• ????????
• "?????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????"