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Introduction to RFID and Its Applications

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Tool and gas bottle identification. Keys and key fobs. Clocks ... We can apply RFID technology to industrial processes, logistics, supply chain management, etc. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Introduction to RFID and Its Applications


1
Introduction to RFIDand Its Applications
  • Manufacturing Automation Integration Lab.
  • 2004. 5. 31.
  • Manchul Han (sampleh_at_ultra.snu.ac.kr)

RFID Radio Frequency Identification
2
RFID Handbook - Fundamentals and Applications in
Contactless Smart Cards and Identification
  • Klaus Finkenzeller
  • Giesecke Devrient GmbH, Munich, Germany

3
Contents
  • Introduction
  • Differentiation Features of RFID Systems
  • Fundamental Operating Principles of RFID Systems
  • Example Applications
  • Paper Auto ID systems and intelligent
    manufacturing control
  • More Issues
  • Conclusion

4
Introduction
  • Brief overview of different automatic
    identification systems
  • Barcode systems
  • Optical character recognition (OCR)
  • Biometric procedures voice identification,
    fingerprint procedures
  • Smart cards memory cards, microprocessor cards
  • RFID systems

5
Introduction
6
Introduction
  • Component of an RFID system
  • The transponder, which is located on the object
    to be identified
  • The Interrogator or reader, which may be a read
    or write/read device

7
Differentiation Features of RFID Systems
  • Fundamental differentiation features
  • Operation type FDX / HDX / SEQ
  • Data quantity over 1 bit / 1 bit EAS
  • Programmable yes / no
  • Data carriers operating principle IC / SAW
  • Sequence state machine / microprocessor
  • Power supply battery / passive
  • Frequency Range LF / HF (or RF) / UHF (or
    microwave)
  • Data transfer reflection or backscatter / load
    modulation / subharmonics or 1/n fold / harmonic
    waves or n-fold

FDX full duplex HDX half duplex SEQ
sequential EAS electronic article
surveillance IC integrated circuit SAW
surface acoustic wave LF low-frequency(30-300
kHz) HF high-frequency(3-30 MHz) RF
radio-frequency UHF ultra-high frequency(300
MHz-3 GHz)
8
Differentiation Features of RFID Systems
  • Transponder construction formats
  • Disks and coins
  • Glass housing
  • Plastic housing
  • Tool and gas bottle identification
  • Keys and key fobs
  • Clocks
  • ID-1 format, contactless smart cards
  • Smart label
  • Coil-on-chip
  • Other formats

9
Differentiation Features of RFID Systems
  • Information processing in the transponder
  • Low-end, mid-range, high-end systems
  • Selection criteria for RFID systems
  • Operating frequency
  • Range
  • Security requirements
  • Memory capacity

10
Differentiation Features of RFID Systems
  • Characteristics of different operating frequencies

11
Fundamental Operating Principles of RFID Systems
12
Example Applications
  • Public transport
  • Ticketing
  • Access control
  • Transport systems
  • Animal identification
  • Electronic immobilization
  • Container identification
  • Sporting events
  • Industrial automation
  • Medical applications

13
Example Applications
  • Industrial automation
  • Tool identification
  • Hazard may be caused by the wrong fitting of the
    CNC machines chain magazine.
  • This potential hazard can be eliminated by
    fitting a transponder in the taper shaft or in
    the retention bolts of the toolholder
  • Industrial production
  • Each object can carry a complete data record with
    it that contains information about its identity
  • Free from the critical fault of a centralized
    system
  • Only writable RFID technologies can achieve

14
Example Applications
15
Auto ID Systems and Intelligent Manufacturing
Control
  • Engineering Applications of Artificial
    Intelligence, June 2003
  • Duncan McFarlanea, Sanjay Sarmab, Jin Lung
    Chirna,
  • C. Y. Wonga, Kevin Ashtonb
  • a Cambridge Auto ID Centre, Institute for
    Manufacturing, University of Cambridge
  • b MIT Auto ID Center, Department of Mechanical
    Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

16
Contents
  • Introduction
  • Auto ID technologies
  • Auto ID in conventional manufacturing control
    systems
  • Auto ID in distributed, intelligent manufacturing
    control
  • Example Auto-ID-enhanced assembly cell control

17
Auto ID in Conventional Manufacturing Control
Systems
  • Conventional manufacturing control

18
Auto ID in Conventional Manufacturing Control
Systems
  • Auto ID enhancement of conventional manufacturing
    control

19
Auto ID in Distributed, Intelligent Manufacturing
Control
  • Intelligent-product-driven manufacturing control
  • An intelligent product is a physical and
    information-based representation of a product
    which
  • possesses a unique identification
  • is capable of communicating effectively with its
    environment
  • can retain or store data about itself
  • deploys a language to display its features,
    production requirements, etc.
  • is capable of participating in or making
    decisions relevant to its own destiny.

20
Auto ID in Distributed, Intelligent Manufacturing
Control
  • Example An electrical meter boxes assembly line

21
Auto ID in Distributed, Intelligent Manufacturing
Control
Network connection
RFID reader
22
More Issues
  • Tag-based vision system

23
More Issues
  • Standards
  • Anticollision
  • Frequency range
  • Body-area network

24
Conclusion
  • Key features of RFID
  • Not line of sight
  • Robust
  • Read speed
  • Reading multiple items
  • Security
  • Programmability
  • RFID has huge possibilities but a few
    applications
  • We can apply RFID technology to industrial
    processes, logistics, supply chain management,
    etc.
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