Title: Applying Population Ecology: The Human Population
1Applying Population Ecology The Human Population
G. Tyler Millers Living in the Environment 14th
Edition Chapter 10
2Key Concepts
- Factors affecting human population size
- Human population problems
- Managing population growth
3Factors Affecting Human Population Size
- Population change equation
Refer to Figure 10-3, p. 177
4Describing Population Changes
- Doubling Times
- Rule of 70
- Fertility
- Replacement-level Fertility
- Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
5Factors Affecting Birth Rates and Total
Fertility Rates
- Children in Labor Force
- Cost of raising and educating children
- Availability of pension systems
- Urbanization
- Education and employment for women
- Infant mortality rate
- Average marrying age
- Abortion
- Availability of birth control
6U.S. Birth Rates 1910-2004
32
30
28
26
24
Births per thousand population
22
20
18
End of World War II
16
Demographic transition
Depression
Baby boom
Baby bust
Echo baby boom
14
0
2010
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
Year
Fig. 10-8, p. 180
7Factors Affecting Death Rates
- Infant mortality rate (IMR)
8Population Age Structure
Fig. 10-14 p. 184
9Solutions Influencing Population Size
- Economic rewards and penalties
10The Demographic Transition
Fig. 10-20 p. 189
11Case Study Slowing Population Growth in India
Generally disappointing results
- Bureaucratic inefficiency
12Case Study Slowing Population Growth in China
- Very intrusive and coercive
13Cutting Global Population Growth
- Elevate the status of women