Overview of groundwater and soil contamination in Lithuania

1
Overview of groundwater and soil contamination in
Lithuania

• Kestutis Kadunas, Geological Survey of Lithuania
• Tel. [phone],
• E-mail.Kestutis.Kadunas_at_lgt.lt

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Action plan in environment management

• Prepare law on responsibility for damages caused
  by former activity
• Law on topsoil protection
• Inventory of polluted sites including sanitation
  programs

• Reclamation of old landfills
• Restoration of polluted sites
• Organization of sanitation of former pesticide
  storages

SourceEnvironment protection strategy of
Lithuania, 1996
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Groundwater use and protection Strategy, 2002 -
2010

• To prepare and keep the Register of Pollution
  Sources of the Geological Environment
• To survey pollution sources, to carry out their
  monitoring, to establish priorities of
  reclamation, to prepare programmes, to initiate
  the sanitation of priority territories
• To produce methodical recommendations on
  investigation and monitoring of pollution sources
  
• To set pollution thresholds in the soil and
  groundwater

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Overview of contaminated lands(point sources of
pollution)

• Sanitary landfills and waste sites
• Former and present military sites
• Civil oil facilities
• Pesticide storages

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Inventory of sanitary landfills waste sites

• Inventory of sanitary landfills and waste sites
  carried out in 1993
• Totally 636 sites find out
• In 264 sites storage of chemical wastes were
  ascertained
• Detail investigation carried out in 36 sites
• Calculation of remediation for 8 sites - 1,5 bil.
  USD

Source Kruger Consult Geological Survey of
Lithuania
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Inventory of sanitary landfills waste sites

• Group A - dangerous sites, detailed
  investigations and sanitation needed
• Group B - investigations for decision needed
• Group C D - no chemical waste, limited
  investigation

Source Kruger Consult Geological Survey of
Lithuania
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Industrial landfill, Ketvergiai

• Wood (bark) waste
• Sludge from waste
• water treatment plant
• 500000 100 000 m3

• Contamination of
• GW?ponds ?SW
• Phenols, NH4,
• organic compounds
• Risk to contaminate
• private dug wells
• Contaminated SW
• flows to Baltic see

Source Geological Survey of Lithuania
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Obeliai waste disposal

• Waste of alcohol production
• Oil waste
• Domestic waste
• Contamination by mineral
• oil, heavy metals
• Polluted area - gt 100 000 m2
• Total volume to be purified
• 9 000 000 m3
• Remediation cost 1,5bil USD

Landfill
Contaminated GW
Source Geological Survey of Lithuania Ecorem
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Former and present military facilities

• The inventory carried out in 1994
• In 275 sites were located 421 units
• 160 sites are polluted by hydrocarbons
• In 35 cases surface water pollution
• In 10 investigated sites remediation action
  needed

Source Kruger Consult
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Registered soil groundwater contamination in
military sites

• Oil contamination - 556
• Chemicals - 56
• Rocket fuel - 20
• Waste sites - 478

Source Kruger Consult
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Pajuoste military airfield
Source Geological Survey of Lithuania
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Soil Groundwater contamination in former
military sities
Source Kruger Consult
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Civil oil facilities (petrol stations,oil
storages)
Source GROTA Ltd
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Number of civil oil facilities

• Small storages 5000
• Petrol stations 423
• Oil storages 30
• Power plants 130

Source GROTA Ltd
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Area of civil oil facilities
Source GROTA Ltd
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Number of investigated civil oil facilities
.
Source GROTA Ltd
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Areas of contaminated soils groundwater in
civil oil facilities(167 sites)
Source GROTA Ltd
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Remediation plan for Bugeniai railway station

• Contaminated area with oil
• concentration gt 5000 mg/kg
• exceeds 40 000 m2
• Entire area inside ring road needed
• for remediation 427 067 m2

• Cost of remediation according
• Lithuanian norms 7.507.000USD
• Full cost - 33.917.498 USD

Source Geological Survey of Lithuania Ecorem
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Pesticide storages

• 954 pesticide storages inventored in 1996 - 97
• Not detail investigation carried out (18
  investigated)
• Not action plan developed

Source Geological Survey Ministry of Environment
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Grave of pesticidesygmantikes, alcininkai

• In groundwater simazin, prometrin,
  propazin,atrazin
• ? - and ? - HCH were discovered in 1995 m.
• Sum of pesticides 35 - 200µg/l

Source Geological Survey of Lithuania Minstry
of Environment
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Source Geological Survey of Lithuania Ecorem
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What we lack to be faster ??

• Law on responsibility for damages caused by
  former activity
• Developed clean - up priorities/criteria
• To develop methodology for prioritisation of
  inventored sites for action plan design

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Environment standards regulations

• Maximum permitted concentration of oil products
  in soils and groundwater LAND 9-2002 (clean-up
  criteria)
• Order on Inventory and Information Collection of
  Discharges to Groundwater of the Main Pollutants
  (priority substances) (describes order for
  declaration of potentially contaminated sites,
  sets limits for groundwater contamination

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Results of inventory of contaminated sites
(Register at the Geological Survey of Lithuania)