Opportunities%20for%20financing%20measures%20for%20sustainable%20management%20of%20the%20pastures%20and%20meadows%20in%20Bulgaria%20%20%20Sofia,%20June%202006%20?.

1
Opportunities for financing measures for
sustainable management of the pastures and
meadows in Bulgaria Sofia, June 2006 ?.

2
Structure of the presentation

1. Basic principles and objectives of CAP
2. Cross compliance basic elements
3. GAEC
4. Less favoured areas
5. Agri-environment payments
6. Natura 2000

3
Basic objectives of CAP

• To ensure stability of supplies of affordable and
  safe foods
• To ensure a fair standard of living of
  agricultural producers
• To protect the environment for the future
  generations
• To preserve agricultural activity in all regions
• To care about the welfare of the people in rural
  areas (not only of those who are involved in
  agricultural activity).

4
Basic objectives of CAP
First pillar Measures for market assistance and
income supporting (direct payments and market
assistance) EAFRD
Second pillar Rural development EAFRD
5
Basic principles of CAP Medium-term changes

• Introducing payments separated from the quantity
  of the produce of 2005
• Cross-compliance subsidies are related to
  requirements for environment protection, humane
  attitude to animals and food safety Obligatory
  management requirements and GAEC
• Modulation decreasing of payments to large
  agricultural producers (funds from pillar 1 to
  pillar 2)
• Financial discipline not to exceed the budget
  up to 2013
• Revision of the CAP market policy for milk,
  cereals, rice, nuts, etc.

6
What is cross-compliance?

• Instrument for pillar 1 of CAP
• Binding direct payments with requirements for
  compliance with standards
• Objective to implement and observe the European
  legislation and the compulsory standards related
  to
• Environment protection
• Natural resources and biodiversity
• Animal welfare and health care
• Requirements for maintaining lands in good
  agricultural and environmental condition.

7
Basic elements of cross compliance

• Obligatory management requirements require
  compliance with definite paragraphs of 19 EU
  directives, 16 of which are obligatory as from
  beginning 2006 3 as from beginning 2007
• Conditions for maintaining lands in good
  agricultural and environmental condition
  determined on national level

8
Minimum requirements for maintaining land in good
agricultural and environmental condition (GAEC)

• All agricultural producers receiving direct
  payments in EU Member States and applying the
  Single Agricultural Payment Scheme per hectare
  (SAPS) must observe a set of minimum management
  standards called good agricultural and
  environmental conditions (GAEC)
• Framework for development of GAEC standards is
  set out in Annex ?V of Regulation 1782/2003

9
?????? ????????
Soil erosion to protect the soils by adequate measures minimum soil cover minimum management requirements reflecting the specific conditions of respective areas terrace preservation
Organic matter in soils to preserve the organic matter level in the soils by adequate measures Standards for crop-rotation, where appropriate Mechanical
Soil structure To maintain soil structure by definite measures Use of adequate technology and equipment
Minimum processing level to ensure minimum level of processing to avoid loss of habitats Maintenance of minimum animal units density or pasture density Protection of permanent pastures Protection of landscape characteristics Avoidance the occurrence of undesirable vegetation on agricultural land

10
Issue Standard
Organic matter in soils Stubble-field burning prohibited
Minimum processing level Agricultural lands must be used for growing agricultural crops or let lie fallow. Lie fallow lands must be periodically cultivated to eliminate undesirable vegetation. Agricultural lands and permanent lawns must be cleared from undesirable shrub vegetation.

11
Financing of pastures and meadows pillar 1

• Registration in IACS
• To have the required minimum area
• To observe the maintenance conditions in
  accordance with GAEK
• To also observe the Obligatory management
  requirements after 2012.

12
Implementation of CAP in Bulgariapillar 2

• Rural Development Programme
• 2007 2013 ?.
• Aid to rural areas development will be provided
  by RDP 2007-2013 measures, which are thematically
  grouped in the following priority axes
• Axis 1 - Improvement of the competitive power of
  the agriculture and forestry sector
• Axis 2 - Preservation of the natural resources
  and environment in rural areas
• Axis 3 - Standard of living in rural areas and
  diversification of rural economy
• Axis 4 - Leader.

13
MEASURES, WHICH WILL BE IMPLEMENTED IMMEDIATELY
AFTER THE OFFICIAL APPROVAL OF RDP 2007-2013 BY
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSIONPillar 2
AXIS 2 PRESERVATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND
RURAL NATURE (Sustained management of lands and
forests) 211 - Payments for natural limitations
of farmers in mountain regions 212 - Payments for
natural limitations of farmers in regions other
than mountainous 214 Agri-environmental
payments 223 - Initial afforestation of
non-arable land 226 - Restoration of the
forestry potential and implementation of
preventive measures
14
Proposal for a budget on the priority axesof
Regulation 1698/2005 (million EUR)
Priority axis of the total budget of the budget on the three axes EU funds National Total (?U national)
Axis 1 40 42 985.45 246.36 1,231.81
Axis 2 26 27 640.54 140.61 781.15
Axis 3 30 31 739.09 184.77 923.86
Axis 4 2.5 61.59 15.40 76.99
Technical assistance 4 98.55 24.64 123.18
M???? National payments in addition to direct payments M???? National payments in addition to direct payments 145.47 36.37 181.84
Total budget without additional payments but
with technical aid Funds according to Axis 4
(Leader) included in the budgets according to
axes 1, 2 and 3
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Financing of pastures and meadows pillar 2
(RDP) Measure Payments for unfavoured regions

• Registration in IACS
• To fall within the scope of mountainous or other
  unfavoured regions
• To meet the requirement for minimum area
• (minimum 0.5 ha for mountainous and min. 1 ha for
  other for 5 years)
• Where the agricultural lands represent common
  land or pastures, to breed grazing animals in
  accordance with the requirements for density of
  bred animals
• Observance of GAEC

16
SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENTMeasure Payments to
farmers in mountainous unfavoured regions

• Mountainous regions definition criteria
• Land of minimum altitude of 700 m.
• Lands of average terrain declivity min. 11.3
  (20)
• Lands of average altitude between 500 and 700 m
  in combination with average terrain declivity
  min. 8.53 (15)
• Lands or groups of lands neighbouring mountainous
  lands where minimum 75 of the land limit borders
  mountainous lands shall be homogenised.
• Compensatory payments
• Farms of 1 to 50 ha EUR 100/ha
• 50 to 100 ha EUR 40/ha
• over 100 ha EUR 0

17
SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENTMeasure Payments to
farmers in regions with natural defects other
than mountainous regions

• Other unfavoured regions
• - Low productivity agricultural lands on the
  territory with average weighted category index of
  6 to 10.
• - Regions with specific limitations are lands
  bordering the outer border of the European Union.
  
• Compensatory payments
• Farms of 1 to 100 ha EUR 50/ha
• 100-200 ha EUR 20/ha
• over 200 ha EUR 0

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SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT Measures Payments
according to Natura 2000Scope

• Protected zones for birds cover 11.3 of the
  territory of Bulgaria.
• Protected zones according to the natural habitats
  directive cover 13.4 of the territory of
  Bulgaria.

20
Measures Payments according to Natura
2000Objectives

• Measures NATURA 2000 shall compensate farmers for
  missed income and expenses incurred relating to
  the execution of due legal limitations in
  accordance with the land-use regime of their
  lands (Law on Biological Diversity), which are
  part of the European environmental network. This
  is aimed at attaining maintenance or recovery of
  species and natural habitats referred to in
  Annexes 1 and 2 of the Law on Biological
  Diversity.

21
Measures Payments according to Natura 2000
Beneficiaries

• Agricultural producers (natural persons or legal
  entities), registered in the Integrated
  Administration and Control System (IACS) who own,
  rent or lease for a minimum of 5 years lands or
  forests included in NATURA 2000
• Agricultural and forest farmers who maintain
  natural habitats and species and have submitted
  applications to the Settlement Agency for payment
  of compensations

22
Measures Payments according to Natura 2000
Requirements to beneficiaries

• To observe the conditions for maintaining lands
  in good agricultural and environmental condition
  (GAEC)
• To observe the limitations for land-use as laid
  down in orders for declaring and/or plans for
  management of protected zones

23
Measures Payments according to Natura 2000 for
agricultural lands Model activities and
limitations for which compensations will be paid

• Elimination of undesirable vegetation (invasive
  species juniper in mountain pastures/meadows
  shrubs in lowland regions) after end July, i.?.
  maintenance of meadows and pastures in good
  agricultural and environmental condition
• Recovery of deserted meadows and pastures (by
  moderate grazing or mowing)
• Ban on the use of fertilizers (and pesticides) or
  resowing
• Moderate grazing later in the season (after mid
  August) in humid areas
• Stepwise mowing of humid meadows / leaving unmown
  sections or strips
• Mowing from centre to periphery at slow speed
• Preservation of traditional orchards (with
  natural cover amongst trees, preservation of
  traditional fruit-tree varieties, preservation of
  old and low productivity trees) lesser grey
  shrike, grey woodpecker, etc.

24
Measures Payments according to Natura 2000 for
agricultural lands Model activities and
limitations for which compensations will be paid

• Manual elimination of weeds and use of manure
  from biological farms
• Placing ??????? ?? ????? for European rollers
  (Coracias garrulus)
• Leaving small (4?4 m) uncultivated pieces of land
  with natural vegetation amidst winter crops (2 to
  5 m2 per hectare) valid for intensive
  agriculture areas where hibernating geese feed
• Preservation of stubble-fields for the winter in
  spring crop fields
• Leaving permanent (min. 2 m wide) uncultivated
  strips on the edges of arable lands (not to be
  ploughed, treated with chemicals, mown after the
  season, not to be used for moving agricultural
  equipment and machines)
• Limitation of human access to areas of birds of
  prey nesting (200-300 m) during the nesting
  period (March-July)

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Minimum areas to participate in this measure

• The minimum area required to participate in this
  measure is 0.5 ha. The following exceptions from
  this requirement are allowed
• For sub-measure Traditional orchard culture
  breeding 0.3 ha
• For activity Biological plant-growing ??
  ??????????? mushrooms cultures grown under
  glass sowing and sapling material 0.1 ha
• For activity Biological bee-keeping and measure
  Traditional stock-breeding (Preservation of
  extinction-threatened local breeds and
  mountainous stock-breeding) no minimum size of
  land required.

27
Geographic coverage of the activitiesaccording
to the agri-environmental measure

• Biological agriculture on the territory of the
  whole country
• Management of agricultural lands of high natural
  value (HNV) in areas defined as HNV regions
• Traditional growing of orchard cultures on the
  territory of the whole country where there are
  old (over 25 years) orchards
• Protection of local breeds threatened by
  extinction on the territory of the whole
  country
• Traditional practices of seasonal pasture of
  animals (Pastoralism) on the territory of the
  national parks Pirin and Central Balkan
  Mountains
• Decrease of the nitrate contamination with
  priority in nitrate-vulnerable areas
• Control on soil erosion with priority in
  erosion threatened areas
• Agri-environmental activities in places of Natura
  2000 in places falling within the ecological
  network of Natura 2000

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Amounts of compensatory paymentsfor separate
activities

• Biological agriculture
• Field cultures incl. fodder cultures EUR 155/ha
• Meadows and pastures EUR 101/h?
• Perennial plants, vineyards and oil-yielding
  rose EUR 418/ha
• Aromatic and medicinal plants EUR 267/h?
• Vegetables cultures incl. cultivated mushrooms
  and potatoes EUR 357/h?
• Sowing and planting material 20 of he
  calculated compensatory payments for each group
  of cultures
• Bee-keeping EUR 15/bee family

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Sub-measure 2 Management of lands of
highnatural value (HNV)

• Activities
• HNV 1 Restoration and maintenance of
  undergrazed grasslands of high natural value
  EUR 131/h?
• HNV 2 Restoration and maintenance of overgrazed
  areas of high natural value EUR 155/h?
• Geographic coverage
• All semi-natural grasslands of high natural value
  and dependent on ongoing agricultural activity

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HNV 1 Restoration and maintenance of
undergrazed grasslands of high natural value

• Requirements to management
• To eliminate undesirable vegetation.
• Not to use mineral fertilizers and pesticides
  except those listed in Regulation2029/91 of the
  Council on biological production.
• Not to build new drainage systems.
• Not to allow breaking of grasslands.
• To conduct free pasture on meadows after last
  hay-making except for forest meadows.
• To maintain minimum and maximum density of
  animals 0.5-1.5 animal units per h?.
• To observe certain dates for pasture the dates
  for flat and hilly areas will depend on climatic
  conditions pasture in mountainous areas is
  usually between 30 May and 30 September/15
  October.
• To use traditional hay-making methods maximum
  two hay-makings per year in flat and hilly areas
  and one hay-making per year for mountainous
  areas. Hay-making to be carried out after 15 June
  in flat and hilly areas and during the period 30
  June 15 July in mountainous areas.

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HNV 2 Restoration and maintenance of
overgrazedgrasslands of high natural value

• Requirements to management
• To resow with local mixtures preferably with
  mixtures of local origin.
• Limitation on the use of manure up to 50 kg
  N/ha.
• Not to use mineral fertilizers and pesticides
  except those listed in Regulation 2092/92 of the
  Council.
• Not to build new drainage systems, no breaking or
  processing of land.
• To conduct free pasture on meadows after last
  hay-making except for forest meadows.
• To maintain minimum and maximum density of
  animals 0.5-1.5 animal units per h?.
• To observe certain dates for pasture the dates
  for flat and hilly areas will depend on climatic
  conditions pasture in mountainous areas is
  usually between 30 May and 30 September/15
  October.
• To use traditional hay-making methods.

32
Amounts of compensatory payments for separate
activities and requirements to management

• Decrease of nitrate contamination in the course
  of calculation
• Control on soil erosion
• Zonal crop-rotation EUR 32/h?
• Creation of buffer strips EUR 28/h?
• Construction of drainage furrows EUR 26/ha
• Antierosion measures between lines of vines and
  plantations EUR 103/h?
• Transformation of arable lands into pastures
  EUR 207/h?
• Performance of amelioration measures in pastures
  EUR 103/h?
• Creation of ploughing terraces EUR 205/h?

33
Amounts of compensation paymentsfor separate
activities

• Traditional growing of orchard cultures - EUR
  131/??.
• In case of planting young saplings from sorts and
  species existing in the orchard additional
  payment of EUR 15 per sapling
• Protection of local breeds threatened by
  extinction
• Cattle EUR 200/capita
• Sheep and goat EUR 25/capita
• Pigs EUR 61/capita
• Horses EUR 200/capita

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Sub-measure Traditional stock-breeding ? 1
Protection of threatened local breeds

• Requirements to management
• Support shall only be given for animals with
  Certificates of breed appurtenance or Tribe/Race
  Certificates issued by an approved breeding
  association.
• Observance of the breeding programme for the
  respective supported breed
• Keeping a log for the sales and purchases of
  supported animals in the farm
• Notification and receipt of a written permission
  from the respective breeding association prior to
  slaughtering or sale of any animal supported by
  payments according to this sub-measure
• Free-pasture breeding of pigs outside the places
  regulated for this purpose shall be prohibited

35
Endangered local breeds Indicative list
(currently to be supplemented)

• Bulgarian (grey) cattle
• Rhodope (Rhodope short-horn) cattle
• Karakachan sheep
• Copper-headed Shoumen sheep
• Dabene sheep
• Replyanska sheep
• Kalofer longhair goat
• Karakachan horse
• East-Balkan pig

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Sub-measure 5 Traditional stock-breeding ? 2
Traditional practices for seasonal pasture of
animals (PASTORALISM) (?2)

• This sub-measure shall only be applied for pilot
  regions suitable for development of pasturalism
  where
• there are large territories of deserted mountain
  pastures
• there are bears and wolves attacking the animals
• there is an opportunity to sign pasture
  contracts between agricultural producers/shepherds
  and pasture owners, i.e. the national parks

National parks Pirin and Central Balkan have been
proposed as pilot regions. Agricultural
producers must have permits for pasture in the
high mountain pastures of the national parks.
EUR 150/capita of cattle and horses EUR
20/capita of sheep and goat
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For contacts

• MAF, Department Agroecology and Biological
  Agriculture,
• Directorate Development of Rural Areas Tel.
  (02) 98511 652, 98511 403, 98511 408
• Fax [phone]