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Chapter Eleven The Fourteenth Century: A Time of Transition

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The Hundred Years' War. Conflict between France and England. Fought on French soil ... Boccaccio's Decameron. Eyewitness to the plague. Fabliaux, exempla, romances ' ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chapter Eleven The Fourteenth Century: A Time of Transition


1
Chapter ElevenThe Fourteenth Century A Time of
Transition

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Calamity, Decay, and ViolenceThe Hundred Years
War
  • Conflict between France and England
  • Fought on French soil
  • Poitiers, Crécy, Agincourt
  • Joan of Arc
  • Pillaging bands of mercenaries
  • Introduction of the longbow

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Calamity, Decay, and ViolenceThe Great Schism
  • Avignon Papacy
  • Babylonian Captivity
  • 1378, three rival claimants to the papacy
  • Church reform
  • Peasant Revolt of 1381
  • Robin Hood myth

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Calamity, Decay, and Violence The Black Death
  • 1347 1351 Bubonic Plague Epidemic
  • Population decimated 1/3 of Europe died
  • Boccaccios Decameron
  • Eyewitness to the plague
  • Fabliaux, exempla, romances
  • Human Comedy vs. Divine Comedy

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Literature in Italy, England, and
FrancePetrarch (1304-1374)
  • From Tuscany, South Florence
  • Restless and curious
  • Collected and copied ancient texts
  • Poet Laureate of Rome - 1348
  • Renaissance sensibility
  • Keen interest in self
  • Desire for personal glory and fame
  • Secretum

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Literature in Italy, England, and
FrancePetrarch (1304-1374)
  • Letter to Posterity
  • Augustines Confessions
  • Latin writings, Latin masters
  • Vernacular Poetry
  • Canzoniere sonnets, canzoni
  • Inspired by Laura
  • Petrarchism

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Literature in Italy, England, and
FranceChristine de Pisan (1365-1428?)
  • First female professional writer
  • Literary debate Romance of the Rose
  • Attacked de Meungs misogyny
  • A Letter to the God of Love
  • The Book of the City of Ladies
  • The Treasure of the City of Ladies
  • Etiquette/advice for women

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Literature in Italy, England, and
FranceGeoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400)
  • English language as literary vehicle
  • Skill in the art of human observation
  • Canterbury Tales
  • Narrative frame
  • Cross-section of medieval society
  • Social commentary

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Art in ItalyThe Italo-Byzantine Background
  • Northern artists inspired by classical art
  • France, England, Germany
  • Italian artists rooted in Byzantine style
  • Conservative, traditional

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Art in ItalyThe Italo-Byzantine Background
  • Cimabue (1240?-1302?)
  • Realism, anatomical understanding
  • Emotional appeal
  • Corporeal weight and strain
  • Sense of space

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Art in ItalyGiottos Break with the Past
  • Giotto da Bondone (1266?-1337)
  • Realism
  • Depth, volume through use of light and dark
  • Three-dimensional modeling of figures
  • imitate nature
  • Naturalistic style
  • Emotion and drama

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Art in ItalyPainting in Siena
  • International Style
  • Simone Martini (c. 1285-1344)
  • vs. Giottos solid realism
  • Grace, sophistication, splendor, elegance
  • Application of Giottos Realsim
  • Pietro and Ambrogio Lorenzetti (d. 1348)
  • Palazzo Pubblico fresco

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Art in Northern Europe
  • Artistic language International Style
  • Reciprocity of style (Italy, Northern Europe)
  • Wilton Diptych
  • Art from the Court of the Duke of Burgundy, Dijon
  • Claus Sluters Well of Moses
  • Limbourg brothers, Trés Riches Heures

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Late Gothic Architecture
  • Florence Cathedral
  • Brunelleschis dome completed in 1400s
  • Duomo in Milan
  • Blend of Gothic and Classical elements
  • Secular public buildings
  • Palazzo Vecchio, Palazzo Pubblico
  • Doges Palace in Venice
  • Englands Perpendicular style

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