NPReading Test to Evaluate Functional Near Vision

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NPReading Test to Evaluate Functional Near Vision

• Luis E. Fernández de Castro, MD, Helga P.
  Sandoval, MD, MSCR, David T. Vroman, MD, Kerry D.
  Solomon, MD
• Magill Research Center for Vision Correction
• Storm Eye Institute - Medical University of South
  Carolina
• Charleston, SC, USA

Supported in part by NIH/NEI EY-014793 (vision
core) and an unrestricted grant to MUSC-SEI from
Research to Prevent Blindness, New York, NY,
USA. The NPReading test was created and
developed by the Magill Research Center for
Vision Correction at Storm Eye Institute, Medical
University of South Carolina, designed and
printed by The Post and Courier, Charleston, SC.
Disclosure L.E. Fernández de Castro, None H.P.
Sandoval, None D.T. Vroman, None K.D. Solomon,
None
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Introduction

• Functional vision is what persons use to see when
  engaged in any real-world activity such as
  reading or driving
• Patients who show no or minimal impairment of
  visual acuity may still have loss of functional
  vision
• Current charts used to evaluate sight include
• Snellen chart
• ETDRS chart that use black letters on an
  illuminated white background
• Near vision charts

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Introduction

• Limitations of traditional chart testing include
• Variations in testing and ending procedures
• Restrictions of numbers and sizes of optotypes
• Optotype memorization
• Do not measure functional vision
• Given the increasing relevance of near-vision
  function in the clinical setting, there is a
  trend to develop standardized tests of reading
  performance that better replicate real-world
  visual stimuli

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Introduction

• MNread Acuity and the German Radner Reading
  Charts
• Evaluate reading performance in patients with
  ocular conditions 1-6
• Refractive error
• Cataract
• Multifocal IOLs
• Maculopathy
• Similar to visual acuity charts, current reading
  tests use black letters on a backlit high
  contrast background

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Purpose

• We propose a new method to assess functional
  vision to close the gap between current methods
  of quantifying visual acuity and true real-world
  visual functioning
• The purpose is to present a new innovative
  reading performance test (NPReading test)

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Patients and Methods

• A total of 82 subjects
• English first language
• Ages between 21 and 83 years
• With completed middle school or beyond
• Subjects were divided in 4 groups based on lens
  status and type of IOL
• The test was performed binocularly at a set
  reading distance of 32 cm with a constant chart
  luminance of 80 to 100 cd/m2 measured with a
  lightmeter

• Patients were instructed to read out loud one
  selected paragraph (100 words) for each font size
  and to read without correcting any reading error
• Starting from the largest font to the smallest
  font
• The reading time was measured with a stopwatch
  and recorded
• Reading speed in words per minute at different
  print sizes using American point-type was
  calculated

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Results

• Demographics

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Conclusion

• Subjects older than 60 years near-corrected
  (monofocal control group) read in a similar
  pattern than younger subjects
• However, their reading speed was predictably
  slower, as it has been shown that reading speed
  decreases with age
• Multifocal IOL subjects were able to read as well
  as the monofocal control while monofocal subjects
  without correction showed a reading speed slower
  than the monofocal controls and multifocal
  groups.
• The number of subjects that were able to read
  decreased as the font size decreased in all
  groups
• Similarly to previous publications7,8 preliminary
  results show a decrease from optimum speed for
  small and larger sizes
• The NPReading test is an effective novel tool
  that reflects and evaluates the real world
  functional near vision
• Ongoing study to determine validity and
  reliability of the NPReading test

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References

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