Matter

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Matter

• Recall the matter is anything that has mass and
  occupies space.
• When you describe matter there are two types of
  properties you talk about, they are extensive
  properties and intensive properties
• EXTENSIVE PROPERTIES property that depends on
  the amount of matter in a sample.
• - Mass is the measure of the amount of
  matter the object contains.
• - Volume is a measure of the space occupied
  by the object.
• INTENSIVE PROPERTIES property that depends
  on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount
  of matter
• - Hardness and Softness are examples of
  intensive properties

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Substance

• Substance is matter that has a uniform
  composition throughout the entire sample
• The diagram beside is a solution with two parts
  taken out of it 1 and 2. If this is a substance
  it will have the same composition no matter where
  the part is take from.
• The data below is the sample from the solution
  that is beside. Explain.
• Sample1 Sample2
• Parts O 1 1
• Parts H 2 2

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Substance cont.

• Every sample of a substance has identical
  intensive properties because the composition is
  uniform throughout.
• A physical property of a substance can be
  measured or observed without changing the
  chemical composition of the substance.
• Examples of physical properties are hardness,
  color, conductivity (conducts heat or
  electricity), malleability (hammered into sheets
  without breaking), and ductile (drawn into wire).

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The 3 State of Matter(well 4 states)

• The 3 states of matter are solid, liquid, and
  gas.
• The fourth state of matter that we generally do
  not talk about is plasma. No not the plasma found
  in the blood but it is more like gas.
• Solid
• has a definite shape and definite volume.
• Liquid
• has a definite volume but not a definite
  shape (it takes the shape of the container it is
  in).
• Gas
• has no definite shape or no definite volume
  (it changes with each container it is in)

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Below are pictures that represent the 3 states of
matter. When the picture comes up find which
picture represents which state and explain why
you think that.

• This represents a solid because it is tightly
  packed. Even though these are packed they still
  move and vibrate against each other.
• This is a liquid because it is still packed but
  not as much
• This represents a gas because the particles are
  loose and go bounce around.

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Mixture

• A mixture is two or more components put together.
• Two types of mixtures
• 1) Heterogeneous composition is not
  uniform throughout
• 2) Homogeneous composition is uniform
  throughout. This is also called a solution.

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MixtureBelow are two mixtures and for each
mixture two samples were taken and the data is
given. Tell which mixture is homogeneous and
which mixture is heterogeneous and explain your
reasoning.

• Mixture A sample 1 sample 2
• parts Cl 1 3
• parts Na 3 1
• Mixture B sample 1 sample 2
• parts Cl 2 2
• parts Na 3 3

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Mixture Answer

• Mixture A is the heterogeneous mixture because
  the samples of the same mixture have different
  content.
• Mixture B is the homogeneous mixture (solution)
  because the samples of the same mixture have the
  same content.

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Separating Mixtures

• There are couple ways to separate mixtures, that
  is filtration and distillation.
• FILTRATION separates a solid from the liquid it
  is in.
• - An example of filtration is making pasta.
  When you boil the pasta in water you have to
  drain it so you pour the pasta and water into a
  colander. The water passes through the holes
  while the pasta stays in the pan.
• DISTILLATION boiling a liquid till it is
  vapor then cool it so it condenses again into a
  liquid.
• - The next slide shows a set up of the
  distillation process

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