Sand, Sun, and E' coli

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Sand, Sun, and E. coli
Just Another Day at the Beach
7th Annual Water Monitoring Conference February
1-2, 2007 Ames, IA Eric OBrien
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Presentation Overview

• Beach Monitoring In Iowa
• Program evolution
• Recent changes
• Results
• Intensive Studies
• Microbial source tracking
• Public health study
• Future Directions

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Program Evolution/ChangesMonitoring Frequency

• Early Monitoring (IDNR personnel)
• More Recent (UHL personnel)

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Beach Sampling Design

• Add block diagram

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Program Evolution/ChangesPolicy

• Beach Advisories
• 2000-02 three indicators
• E. coli in 2003
• Streamlining
• Changes in how advisories are issued each year

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Program Evolution/ChangesPublic Relations
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Program Evolution/ChangesChanging Parameters

• Ö - Monitored at all beaches for full season
• - Monitored at subset of beaches for full
  season

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Cyanotoxin SamplingMicrocystin Analysis
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Beach Results 2000-2006
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Beach Results 2006E. coli
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Beach Results 2006Total Microcystin
Concentrations
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Intensive Studies

• Microbial Source Tracking
• DNA Studies
• Lake Darling (toolbox)
• Backbone Lake / Maquoketa River Watershed
• Chemical Tracers
• Optical Brighteners
• Human Health
• Iowa Beach Study

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Intensive StudiesLake Darling

• Toolbox Approach
• DNA Ribotyping
• Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Analysis
• Pathogen Analysis
• Sterols
• Caffeine/cotinine
• Hotspot sampling

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Intensive Studies Backbone Lake / Maquoketa
River Watershed
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Intensive StudiesOptical Brighteners

• Optical Brighteners used as tracer for human
  fecal contamination.
• Found in detergents
• Linens
• Toilet paper

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Clear Lake Sampling 7-10-06
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Clear Lake Sampling 10-10-06
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Intensive StudiesIowa Beach Study

• Strong relationships observed between
• Cyanotoxin ? skin rash
• Enterococci? GI distress

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Future Directions

• Indicator microorganisms
• Sample frequency
• Lakes Information System
• Cyanotoxin surveys

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Acknowledgements

• DNR Parks Staff
• UHL, Environmental Microbiology and Limnology
• DNR Water Monitoring and Assessment Staff
• Numerous Watershed Coordinators
• Tim Wilson
• DNR Communications Bureau
• IDPH
• CHEEC and UI College of Public Health
• DNR Field Services
• Marshall University, Virginia Tech, University of
  Georgia
• Many, many others