Dr' Roy Kennedy

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Dr. Roy Kennedy

• Music Therapy in the ESL
• Classroom

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English as a Second Language

• 1 in 8 students in US- Hispanic origin
• Prevalent poverty and unemployment
• 25 and older less likely to graduate
• Hispanic children at risk
• ESOL students suffer academic failure

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Second Language Learners

• Barriers
• Cultural
• Emotional
• Socioeconomic
• Language deficits may be related to learning
  disabilities
• Special educational measures

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Alternative teaching strategies

• Variety of exposure to language info.
• Create comfortable learning environment
• Positive leader-learner interactions
• Positively reinforce communication

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Small Group Interaction

• Meaningful non-verbal interactions
• Purposeful dialogue
• Interpersonal communication skills
• Voice quality
• Body language
• Personal space

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Holistic Language Approach

• Music Therapy
• Rhythmic assignment of language info.
• Musical benefits of curriculum
• Geography, Science, Language Arts
• Singing promotes fluency, diction and rate of
  speech

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Songwriting and Rhythmic Improvisation

• Social skills
• Self-esteem
• Attention deficit
• Motivation
• Behavior problems

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Krashens Second Language Hypothesis

• Extra-linguistic support
• Illustrations
• Actions- movement to music
• Sign language

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Story Songs

• Reinforce vocabulary
• Aesthetic experience
• Listener affect
• Unison singing
• Students confidence
• Cultural awareness

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Music Therapy Techniquesin the ESL Classroom

• Jazz chants
• Rhythmic chants
• Parallel Play
• Cooperative Play
• Competitive Play
• Group trust and cohesiveness

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Seasonal Topics

• Halloween
• Monster Mash
• Story sequencing
• Listening- scary recorded sounds
• Students written and verbal descriptions

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Transform Pop Culture into Appropriate
Educational Contexts

• The song Bling bling
• Education monetary success
• Verses rewritten by therapists
• Define and stress the value of smarts
• Supported by pictures of Bling
• Versus pictures of non-bling

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Kodaly Rhythms

• Teams compete to play correct rhythms
• Reinforced with Monopoly money
• Token economy
• Spend money at the candy bank
• at the end of the music therapy session

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Music and Dance

• Spatial awareness
• Dance commands extralinguistic awareness
• March, walk, move to pop culture dance
• Electric Slide, Drive the Car,
• Brush it Off

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Live Music Variations

• Maracas, paddle drums, hand drums
• Speaking and playing rhythms at sight
• Cognitive input and psychomotor output
• Comparable to language comprehension and
  acquisition

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Original Compositions

• Provide story songs
• Create dialogue about story sequencing
• Addresses English Speaking Skills Checklist
• 12 bar blues- composition tool
• Students comes to school unprepared
• What are the results?

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Leaving on a Jet Plane
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Rocky Top
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Control Group Mean .71 versus Experimental
Group Mean 1.11, p .011 Weak, 2 Average, 3
Very Good, 4 Superior
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