Cheating in Sports: The Biology of Anabolic Steroids - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Cheating in Sports: The Biology of Anabolic Steroids

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Steroid: Anabolic Androgenic Steroid (AAS): 3. Testosterone-Derivatives Versus Testosterone ... Steroid Cycle. 4 to 12 weeks. Then 4 to 6 weeks to 'clear the system' ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Cheating in Sports: The Biology of Anabolic Steroids


1
Cheating in SportsThe Biology of Anabolic
Steroids
  • Week 2

2
Definitions
  • Anabolic
  • Androgenic
  • Steroid
  • Anabolic Androgenic Steroid (AAS)

3
Testosterone-Derivatives Versus Testosterone
  • More specific for particular muscle development
  • More anabolic and less androgenic
  • Less detectable
  • Minimize side-effects
  • Delivery
  • Longer-lived
  • Slow rate of inactivation
  • Decrease aromatization to estradiol
  • Binds androgenic receptor better

(from Kuhn Review)
4
Biochemistry of Steroid Hormones
5
What is the Central Dogma of Biology?
  • DNA to RNA to Protein
  • Genotype Environment Phenotype

6
Molecular Mechanism of Action of AAS
  • Binds AR (androgen receptor), and activated AR
    turns on a number of genes
  • More information available on the Nuclear
    Receptor Signaling Atlas http//www.nursa.org/fla
    sh/gene/nuclearreceptor/start.html

7
How Do AAS Increase Strength and Muscle Mass?
(Wikipedia)
8
Fast-Twitch (Type II) versus Slow-Twitch (Type I)
Skeletal Muscle Fibers
  • Fast-twitch contract faster and with greater
    force
  • Fast-twitch (anaerobic, short burst, white meat)
  • Larger in diameter
  • More energy reserves (e.g. ATP,
    creatine-phosphate)
  • Slow-twitch (aerobic, endurance, red meat)
  • More mitochondria
  • Myoglobin
  • More capillaries
  • Is the ratio of fast-twitch to slow-twitch
    genetically determined or does it arise through
    training?

(from Guyton)
9
Stacking?
  • Stacking use multiple AAS at a time
  • More results
  • Minimize side-effects
  • Minimize detection
  • Delivery and target in the body
  • Turn on different genes
  • Different lifetimes

10
Steroid Cycle
  • 4 to 12 weeks
  • Then 4 to 6 weeks to clear the system
  • Exogenous testosterone suppresses endogenous
    synthesis may become dependent
  • Total annual AAS was less than 6 months for many
    users
  • How long do the effects last?

11
Presentation Pointers
  • Understanding
  • Make sure you understand what you present
  • Clarity
  • What is your point?
  • Logical explanation
  • Keep things simple
  • Fun
  • Personal aesthetic
  • Practice, practice, practice
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