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Greek Theatre

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Events of his life linked him to the cycle of the seasons and the ... Recognizes flaw (in a catharsis) Aristotle (384 322 B.C.) Requirements for Plot/Action ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Greek Theatre


1
Greek Theatre
2
Dionysis
  • Greek god of wine, fertility, and revelry
  • Events of his life linked him to the cycle of the
    seasons and the recurring pattern of birth,
    maturity, death, and rebirth
  • Worship of Dionysis promoted fertility,
    guaranteed the return of spring, and provided an
    ample harvest

source http//www.artsednet.getty.edu/ArtsEdNet/
Images/Beauty/hermdioh-l.jpeg
3
City Dionysus
  • Home of a large festival started by Peisistratus,
    ruler of Athens from 560-510 B.C.
  • Festival where drama was first presented
  • Known as the home of drama

source http//www.artsednet.getty.edu/ArtsEdNet/
Images/Beauty/hermdioh-l.jpeg
4
Parts of a Greek Ampitheatre
source http//didaskalia.berkeley.edu/stagecraft
/TDA/tda_i7.html
5
Parts of a Greek Amphitheatre
source http//didaskalia.berkeley.edu/stagecraft
/greek.html
  • Theatron
  • seeing place where the audiences sat in seats
    carved into the mountainside

source http//didaskalia.berkeley.edu/stagecraft
/TDA/tdamain.html
6
Parts of a Greek Amphitheatre
source http//didaskalia.berkeley.edu/stagecraft
/greek.html
  • Orchestra
  • dancing place where the chorus, and later
    actors, performed.

source http//didaskalia.berkeley.edu/stagecraft
/TDA/tdamain.html
7
Parts of a Greek Amphitheatre
Skene
source http//didaskalia.berkeley.edu/stagecraft
/TDA/tdamain.html
8
Parts of a Greek Amphitheatre
  • Skene
  • little hut or house at the back of the
    proskenion with one or more doors and an upper
    level used for the appearance of gods or to
    represent high places.
  • Proskenion
  • main acting area in front of the skene.

source http//didaskalia.berkeley.edu/stagecraft
/greek.html
9
Parts of a Greek Amphitheatre
source http//didaskalia.berkeley.edu/stagecraft
/TDA/tdamain.html
10
Parts of a Greek Amphitheatre
  • Periaktoi
  • 3-sided scenery which was rotated to change
    locale. Triangular prisms with a different scene
    painted on each of their three sides.
  • Pinakes
  • Painted panels similar to our modern flats.

11
Parts of a Greek Amphitheatre
  • Eccyclema (Ekkyklema)
  • A wagon for wheeling out
  • bodies in tragedies. Rolled
  • out of the skene because
  • there was no violence allowed
  • on stage.
  • Deus ex machina
  • god on machine a crane like device which
    lowered gods down to wrap up the story line.

12
Origin of Tragedy
13
Origin of Tragedy
  • 534 B.C.
  • First theatre contest for the best tragedy at
    City Dionysia.
  • Thespis is credited as being the first winner.
  • also known as the first actor to step out of
    the chorus.

14
Origin of Tragedy
  • Tragedy
  • literally means goat song
  • it was believed that the chorus danced for a goat
    as a prize or around a goat which was then
    sacrificed.
  • emerged out of improvisations by the leaders of
    the dithyrambs.
  • dipthyramb consisted of an improvised
  • story, sung by the choral leader, and a
  • refrain, sung by the chorus

15
Origin of Tragedy
  • Actors Acting
  • Dithyramb /Chorus
  • Consisted of a group of 50 men who chanted
    stories and danced in unison in the festival
    event.
  • Words spoken by the chorus came to
  • represent the opinions of the people.
  • Importance of chorus reduced as actors moved out
    front.

16
Origin of Tragedy
  • Actors Acting
  • Three actor rule dictated that
  • only 3 actors could perform at one time.
  • To accommodate this rule, actors often protrayed
    more than one character. (Leaving and returning
    as a different character.)
  • This rule was softened to allow supernatural
    characters to appear in non-speaking roles.

17
Origin of Tragedy
  • Actors Acting
  • Greeks placed emphasis on voice.
  • Actors were judged by the beauty of tone
  • and ability to adapt to their speaking to the
  • mood and character.

18
Origin of Tragedy
  • Actors Acting
  • Facial expression was of no importance.
  • actors were always masked.
  • gestures and movement were simplified and
    broadened so they could be seen from far away.

19
Origin of Tragedy
  • Actors Acting
  • All players, except flute players, wore masks.
  • Masks covered the entire head, thus included the
    appropriate hair style beard, ornaments, and
    other features.

20
Origin of Tragedy
  • Actors Acting
  • (masks cont.)
  • Masks were made of stiffened linen, cork, carved
    wood, or leather. To shape the mask, the artist
    molded material around a marble face (like
    papier-mâché).
  • These masks covered the entire head of the actor.
  • The white of the eye was painted while the part
    of the pupil remained open for the actor to see
    the stage.

21
Origin of Tragedy
  • Aristotle
  • (384 322 B.C.)
  • Developed the first written discussion of
    tragedy.

22
Origin of Tragedy
  • Aristotle (384 322 B.C.)
  • Definition of a Tragic Hero
  • Comes from nobility
  • Has a Tragic Flaw (simple mistake or a weakness
    in character)
  • Encounters a reversal of fortune
  • Suffers a downfall
  • Recognizes flaw (in a catharsis)

23
Origin of Tragedy
  • Aristotle (384 322 B.C.)
  • Requirements for Plot/Action
  • Exposition
  • Rising Action
  • Climax
  • Falling Action
  • Denoument/Resolution

24
Origin of Tragedy
25
Origin of Tragedy
  • Aristotles Unities
  • Aristotle described tragedy as "an imitation of
    an action that is serious, complete, and of a
    certain magnitude."
  • The Unities are
  • Action
  • Place
  • Time

26
Origin of Tragedy
  • Aristotles Unities
  • Action
  • Action must have an identifiable beginning,
    middle, and end a harmonious correlation of
    whole and parts a series of events which follow
    one another inevitably and are related in
    sequence.

27
Origin of Tragedy
  • Aristotles Unities
  • Place
  • action must be confined to a single
    geographical area.
  • Time
  • action must take place within the time frame of
    a single day.

28
Origin of Tragedy
  • The Six Elements of Drama
  • from Aritotles Poetics
  • 1. Plot or mythos
  • (refer to plot notes for more info)
  • central conflict in the story
  • in comedy, there must be poetic justice (bad guy
    gets it in the end.

29
Origin of Tragedy
  • The Six Elements of Drama
  • from Aritotles Poetics
  • Character or dianoia
  • (see tragic hero notes for more info)
  • protagonist those for the idea
  • antagonist those against the idea
  • neural those required to be there to move the
    story along

30
Origin of Tragedy
  • The Six Elements of Drama
  • from Aritotles Poetics
  • Thought or ethos
  • Meanings
  • Focus
  • Ideas explored

31
Origin of Tragedy
  • The Six Elements of Drama
  • from Aritotles Poetics
  • Language/Diction or lexus
  • The dialogue
  • The poetry

32
Origin of Tragedy
  • The Six Elements of Drama
  • from Aritotles Poetics
  • Music/Rhythm or melos
  • all sound
  • Spectacle or opsis
  • scenery and other visual elements

33
Playwrights
  • Aeschylus
  • Earliest Greek tragedy playwright
  • Added the 2nd actor
  • Wrote Orestia, a trilogy

34
Playwrights
  • Sophocles
  • Added the 3rd actor
  • Wrote Oedipus and
  • Antigone

35
Playwrights
  • Aristophanes
  • Greek Comedy playwright
  • most famous play is
  • Lysistrata

36
Playwrights
  • Euripedes
  • emphasized realism
  • de-emphasized chorus
  • Wrote Medea and
  • Trojan Women
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