Elements and Compounds

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Elements and Compounds
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Elements

• An element is a substance that cannot be
  separated into simpler substances by a chemical
  change.

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• All elements are listed on the Periodic Table

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• Some elements are named for famous scientists.

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• Elements have abbreviations called element
  symbols.

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• Each symbol has one, two, or three letters.

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• The first letter is ALWAYS capitalized and the
  2nd and 3rd letters are NEVER capitalized.

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• Some symbols are derived from the Latin name for
  that element.

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• The Periodic Table organizes elements according
  to their properties.

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Compounds

• When two or more elements combine in a chemical
  reaction, they form a compound.

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An Example

• Magnesium and oxygen react to form magnesium
  oxide.

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• Scientists wouldnt write out magnesium oxide but
  would write this compound as MgOa chemical
  formula.

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• Elements and compounds are pure substances.

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• Every pure substance has a unique set of chemical
  and physical properties.

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• Measuring the mass of a substance can indicate if
  it is an element or a compound.

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• Using electrolysis can also separate compounds
  into component elements.

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WATER

• Water is an example of a compound that can be
  broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.

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MIXTURES

• Mixtures are a blend of two or more pure
  substancesMilk, Seawater

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• Heterogeneous Vs. Homogeneous

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Heterogeneous

• A mixture that has visibly different parts.
• ExampleChocolate Chip Cookies

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Homogeneous

• A mixture that does not contain VISIBLY different
  parts.
• Example--seawater

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Separating mixtures

• Filtration
• Distillation
• Crystallization
• Chromatography