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Execution of Charles I

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High Court of Justice, convened in the Painted Chamber of the Palace of Westminster ... the crowd described it as 'such a groan by the thousands then present, as I ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Execution of Charles I


1
Execution of Charles I
  • January 30, 1649

2
John Bradshaw
High Court of Justice, convened in the Painted
Chamber of the Palace of Westminster
3
  • The Charges Against the King
  • That the said Charles Stuart, being admitted King
    of England, and therein trusted with a limited
    power to govern by and according to the laws of
    the land, and not otherwise and by his trust,
    oath and office, being obliged to use the power
    committed to him for the good and benefit of the
    people, and for the preservation of their rights
    and liberties
  • yet, nevertheless, out of a wicked design to
    erect and uphold in himself an unlimited and
    tyrannical power to rule according to his will,
    and to overthrow the rights and liberties of the
    people... he, the said Charles Stuart, for
    accomplishment of such his designs, and for the
    protecting of himself and his adherents in his
    and their wicked practices to the same ends hath
    traitorously and maliciously levied war against
    the present Parliament
  • ... All which wicked designs, wars, and evil
    practices of him, the said Charles Stuart, have
    been, and are carried on for the advancement and
    upholding of a personal interest, of will, power,
    and pretended prerogative to himself and his
    family, against the public interest, common
    right, liberty, justice, and peace of the people
    of this nation, by and from whom he was entrusted
    as aforesaid.
  • By all of which it appeareth that the said
    Charles Stuart hath been, and is the occasioner,
    author, and continuer of the said unnatural,
    cruel and bloody wars and therein guilty of all
    the treasons, murders, rapings, burnings, spills,
    desolations, damages and mischiefs to this
    nation, acted and committed in the said wars, or
    occasioned thereby.

4
The Original Death Warrant - which stated that
the King 'be put to death by the severing of his
head from his body'. Fifty-nine people signed the
warrant the first signature is that of John
Bradshaw, and the third, of Oliver Cromwell.
Henry Ireton is second from the bottom of the
second column.
5
Location
Whitehall Palace from the River Thames by
Wenceslaus Hollar, c1650, showing the Banqueting
House and, to its right, the Tudor great hall.
6
Whitehall Palace with the Banqueting House in
1669
7
In 1619 Inigo Jones began to design a new
banqueting house for James I after fire had
destroyed an earlier banqueting house on the same
site. On 4 January 1698, some linen left to dry
by a charcoal fire caught light and within five
hours almost the whole of Whitehall Palace was
destroyed only the Banqueting House and the
Whitehall and Holbein gates survived.
8
The day of execution
  • It was a cold day. He had asked to wear thick
    underclothes under his shirt as he was very
    concerned that if he shivered in the cold, the
    crowd might think that he was scared.
  • Charles was allowed to go for a last walk in St
    Jamess park with his pet dog. His last meal was
    bread and wine.
  • Execution delayed. The man who was to execute
    Charles refused to do it. So did others. Very
    quickly, another man and his assistant was found.
    They were paid 100 and were allowed to wear
    masks so that no-one would ever know who they
    were.
  • Soldiers beating drums walked with the king.
  • At nearly 2.00 oclock in the afternoon, Charles
    was lead to the scaffold which was covered in
    black cloth.

9
  • Charles' last words to his daughter Elizabeth
    were, "He bid her tell her mother, that his
    thoughts had never strayed from her, and that
    love should be the same to the last.

10
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11
Charless speech
  • As for the people, truly I desire their liberty
    and freedom as much as anybody whomsoever but I
    must tell you that their liberty and freedom
    consist in having of government, those laws by
    which their life and their goods may be most
    their own. It is not for having share in
    government, sirs that is nothing pertaining to
    them a subject and a sovereign are clear
    different things.
  • "I have delivered to my conscience I pray God
    you do take those courses that are best for the
    good of the kingdom and your own salvation."
  • "I go from a corruptible to an incorruptible
    crown, where no disturbance can be, no
    disturbance in the world".
  • "I die a Christian according to the profession of
    the Church of England. I have a good Cause and I
    have a gracious God. I will say no more."

12
  • Ropes had been prepared to tie the king down, if
    necessary, but he smiled calmly and scornfully at
    these
  • Crowd reaction One observer in the crowd
    described it as "such a groan by the thousands
    then present, as I never heard before and I
    desire I may never hear again."
  • Cavalry pushed the crowd away but a few onlookers
    managed to dip their handkerchiefs in the blood
    that dripped from the scaffold
  • King's head was sewn back on his body so the
    family could pay its respects. He was buried in
    private and at night on 7 February 1649, in the
    Henry VIII vault inside St George's Chapel in
    Windsor Castle

13
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14
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15
Eikon Basilike (Royal Portrait)
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