A Framework on Women in LDCs: arguments (DW readings):

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• A Framework on Women in LDCs arguments (DW
  readings)
• Gender oppression results from their subordinate
  status, a result of patriarchy and religious
  orthodoxy (Coleman)
• Womens education advances economic progress
  (Coleman)
• Gender integration considering roles and
  targeting programs (Hunt Posa)
• Individual values of self expression vs.
  collective or religious control (Inglehart
  Norris)

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http//www.prb.org/Template.cfm?SectionPRBtempla
te/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfmContentID
12509
Source for PP Ashford, L.S. (2005). Population
Bulletin http//www.prb.org/Template.cfm?Section
Population_Bulletin1templatePopulationBulletin.c
fmBeginYear2001. accessed 11 Jan 2006 also
see. Ashford, L.S. (2001). Population Bulletin,
vol. 57,1 21-29 http//www.findarticles.com/p/ar
ticles/mi_qa3761/is_200103/ai_n8939693 accessed
11 Jan 2006 United Nations, The World's Women
2000
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• A Framework on Women in DW Concepts from
  readings
• Gender oppression is related to patriarchy and
  religious orthodoxy (Coleman)
• Womens education advances economic progress
  (Coleman)
• Gender integration considering roles and
  targeting programs (Hunt Posa)
• Individual values of self expression vs.
  traditional or religious control (Inglehart
  Norris)

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Female Pop World contrast III W 1/3 or gt
female teens and children AIC 1/4 or gt women
over 50 (See graph) Source (Pop Ref Bureau)
PRB, Women of Our World 2005
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Proportions of Younger and Older Women, Selected
World Regions
Percent of female population
Source (Pop Ref Bureau) PRB, Women of Our World
2005
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Girls and Boys Secondary School Enrollments,
Latest Year
Enrollments as a percent of the applicable age
group
Source PRB, Women of Our World 2005 UNESCO
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Mexico vs. India India lags behind in female
literacy
Source World development Indicators Data base,
July 2000.
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Mexico primary school female enrollment
Source World development Indicators Data base,
July 2000.
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India primary school female enrollment
Source World development Indicators Data base,
July 2000
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Women who depend on urban wage III World lt
1/4 AIC gt over 40
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Trends in Womens Share of Non-farm Wage Earners,
Selected Regions
Percent of paid, non-farm workforce
Source PRB, Women of Our World 2005
International Labour Organization
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Womens labour force participation (1997) III
W 44 South Asia 33 Wages as of mens
wages Mexico 71 Bangladesh 50 Source see
Ashford, L.S. (2001). Population Bulletin, vol.
57,1 21-29. Legislators (women )
(2003) Sweden 43 India 9 Mexico 23 Sourc
e WB (WID)
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Mexico Labor force, female ( of total)
Source World development Indicators Data base,
July 2002.
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India Labor force, female ( of total)
Source World development Indicators Data base,
July 2002.
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India poorest 20 of women average of children
4 prenatal care 25 delivery with
medics 12 Mexico of all women no education
11 average of children 4 teens
childbearing 18 All women - physical
assault India 40 Canada 29 See data
in Ashford
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• A Framework on Women in DW Concepts from
  readings
• Gender oppression is related to patriarchy and
  religious orthodoxy (Coleman)
• Womens education advances economic progress
  (Coleman)
• Gender integration considering roles and
  targeting programs (Hunt Posa)
• Individual values of self expression vs.
  traditional or religious control (Inglehart
  Norris)

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• Gender integration Gender roles
• Development projects
• Aid programs do not target women why how?
• womens role not taken into account in projects
• women are ignored in designing project needs
• women are neglected in decision-making on
• environment

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• Gender inequalities, poverty, violence
• Mortality rates
• Socio-economic status
• Literacy education
• Jobs wages
• Decision-making
• Abuse

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Higher mortality rate why? Sex selective
abortions Less food Less health care Hardships
of low status Genital mutilation Child
marriage Pressured to bear more children No
protection against HIV Little education Joint
family pressures
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• Inequalities in labour force participation,
• education, literacy, and health a vicious cycle
• MNCs low wage underclass
• Livelihood vs. literacy
• Endangered health

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• A Framework on Women in DW Concepts from
  readings
• Gender oppression is related to patriarchy and
  religious orthodoxy (Coleman)
• Womens education advances economic progress
  (Coleman)
• Gender integration considering roles and
  targeting programs (Hunt Posa)
• Individual values of self expression vs.
  traditional or religious control (Inglehart
  Norris)

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http//www.worldvaluessurvey.org/
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Approval of Political and Social Values in
Western and Muslim Societies Western
Muslim Democratic Performance 68 68
Democratic Ideals 86 87 Strong Leaders
61 61 Religious Leaders 62 39
Gender Equity 82 55 Divorce 60
35 Abortion 48 25 Homosexuality
53 12 Source World Values Survey,
pooled Sample 1995-2001 Note Table made from bar
graph
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• After World War II
• Income growth material satisfaction in
• AICs
• Emergence of welfare state
• Decline of poverty
• Economic security
• Post-materialist values
• http//wvs.isr.umich.edu/
• http//wvs.isr.umich.edu/fig.shtml

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