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The Age of Faith

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A medieval king investing a bishop with the symbols of office. Reform and Church Organization ... Series of holy wars launched by Western Christian Europe ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Age of Faith


1
The Age of Faith
2
Problems in the Church
  • In the 11th century, Church reformers were most
    distressed about three main issues
  • Many village priests married and had families
  • Simony Practice of bishops selling positions in
    the Church
  • Using the practice of lay investiture, kings
    appointed church bishops

A medieval king investing a bishop with the
symbols of office.
3
Reform and Church Organization
  • Popes enforced laws against simony and the
    marriage of priests
  • Church was restructured to resemble a kingdom,
    with the pope at its head
  • Church collected taxes

4
Medieval Architecture
5
RomanesqueCathedralArchitectural Style
  • Rounded Arches.
  • Barrel vaults.
  • Thick walls.
  • Darker, simplistic interiors.
  • Small windows, usually at the top of the wall.

6
RomanesqueFloor Plans
7
St. Filibert, France, 10c
8
Interior of a Romanesque Cathedral
9
The Gothic Cathedral
10
Gothic Floor Plans
11
Canterbury Cathedral, England
12
Gothic CathedralArchitectural Style
  • Began in France in the 12c.
  • Pointed arches.
  • Flying buttresses.
  • Stained glass windows.
  • Elaborate, ornate interior.
  • Taller, more airy ? lots of light.
  • Lavish sculpture ? larger-than-life.

13
Interior of a Gothic Cathedral
14
Interior of a Gothic Cathedral
15
St. Etienne, Bourges, late 12c
Flying Buttresses
16
Flying Buttress
17
Gothic Filigree Closeups
18
Chartres Cathedral, Paris
Jamb Figures
Royal Portal
The Pillar People
19
Cathedral Gargoyles
20
Stained Glass Windows
  • For the glory of God.
  • For religiousinstructions.

21
Notre Dame Cathedral
22
Which Interior Is Which?
23
Which Cathedral Style Is Which?
24
Cathedral of Mont-Saint MichelA Fortress A
Church
25
Chauvigny Castle, France, 11c
26
Spanish Castle, 14c
27
Late Medieval Church Art
Chalice, paten, and straw, mid-13c
Relinquary, late 12c
28
Medieval Tapestriesfrom theWorkshops in Flanders
The Lady the Unicorns, 1511
29
Illuminated Manuscripts
30
Illuminated Manuscripts
31
Medieval Embroidery
The Bayeux Tapestry, 11c
32
Late Medieval Art
33
The Crusades
34
Origins of the Crusades
  • Series of holy wars launched by Western Christian
    Europe
  • Initially launched with the intention of
    regaining the holy land of Jerusalem from
    Muslim control
  • Muslim defeat would ensure the security of
    Byzantium from Muslim incursion
  • Would also gain control of key trade routes for
    Western Merchants

15th century painting of Pope Urban II at the
Council of Clermont.
35
Crusader Routes
36
The First and Second Crusades
  • Pope Urbans call for the Crusade received strong
    support
  • Those who died on Crusade were assured of a place
    in heaven
  • Crusaders captured Jerusalem in 1099
  • Land was carved up into four Crusader states
  • In 1187, Jerusalem was reclaimed by Muslim leader
    Saladin

A Crusader Knight.
37
The Five Crusader States
38
Crusader Castle
39
The Third Crusade
  • Crusade to recapture Jerusalem from the Muslims
  • Led by the King of England, Richard the
    Lion-Hearted
  • Fought the Muslim forces under the command of
    Saladin
  • Truce (1192) Jerusalem would remain under
    Muslim control, but Christian pilgrims could
    freely visit holy places

40
Siege of Acre
41
The Childrens Crusade
42
A Spanish Crusade
  • In Spain, Muslims (called Moors) controlled most
    of the country until the 1100s
  • The Reconquista Long effort by the Spanish to
    drive the Muslims out of Spain
  • Persecuted other non-Christians as well
  • Succeeded in 1492

Progress of the Reconquista (7901300).
43
The Spanish Inquisition
44
The Effects of the Crusades
  • Discovery of new goods and expansion of trade
  • European contact with Muslims and Byzantines
    during the Crusades brought new interest in
    learning
  • Weakened of the power of the Pope
  • Weakened the feudal nobility and increased the
    power of kings
  • The intolerance and prejudice displayed by
    Christians in the Holy Land left behind a legacy
    of bitterness and hatred
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